Søgningsresultat

Paris, 1841. Folio. Bound in 2 modest cont. hcloth. Tear in lower part of back on volume II. Backs somewhat rubbed. (8),72,22-(6),116,8,32 pp. and 146 engraved plates (ca 40 x 22) cm). Stamp on titles. Vol. I occasionally slightly brownspotted. Scarce first edition (volume 1 in second issue), of this magnificent and highly important work on construction with iron, thoroughly explaining for one of the first times how to generally apply, use and cast iron for the construction of buildings and how to use ceramic pots and wrought-iron together in civil, military, and industrial buildings as well as bridges, rail-roads, etc. Already in the late 18th century, the great improvements in the manufacture of wrought-iron, following upon the introduction and development of the puddling furnace and the rolling mill, had led to the increased use of it in construction, and especially in France the use of hollow ceramic pots in combination with a wrought-iron framework had proved itself very effective in protection against fire in particular. It was not until a few decades later, though, that the manufacturing techniques of iron had become sufficiently effective for it to be widely used in various large-scale construction, and even during the first decades of the 19th century, almost only the French exploited this new technique. Eck's major work from 1841 plays a significant role in the spreading of the iron-construction techniques and provides us with important information on the earliest use of iron-construction. After Eck's seminal work, British architects really began understanding the benefits of this sort of construction, and within a few more decades it spread widely beyond the borders of France. In 1854 G.r. Burnel writes in "The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal" (William Laxton edt.): "I would call your attention, and that of the members of the Institute, to a work I mentioned on the last evening; it is M. Eck's Traité de la Construction, Poteries, Fer, Fonte et Tôle, in two vols. fol. Paris, 1841; in which will be found many very remarkable illustrations of the application of those various materials to purposes which rarely are thought of in England. It is an extremely valuable work, and if it had been better known here, probably much money might have been saved preventing parties from taking out patents for systems already largely employed; and at any rate, the study of M. Eck's book would have suggested many valuable hints to both architects and engineers."

London, Bacon & Co. Ltd., 1899. Chromlithographed folded map (50 x 71 cm) in original printed covers (20 x 14 cm). 5 cm tear in horisontal fold in left margin. 10 cm long tear in spine of cover, but map and wrappers still firmly attached, otherwise a fine copy. A fine copy of Frederick Rose’s famous caricature map of Europe with each country depicted as an angler having various levels of success in catches colonies. Serving as an allegory for European colonial interference elsewhere, this type of map influenced and reflected popular opinion, much like a political cartoon. Political boundaries and power struggles define this work. The 19th-century “serio-comic map” caricaturizes each European country as a fisherman, holding a sack with its imperial catch, or about to lose what it has caught. Serving as an allegory for European colonial interference elsewhere, this type of “persuasive” map influenced and reflected popular opinion, much like a political cartoon. Despite the popularity of his posters and a considerable output, there has been some controversy regarding Frederick Rose’s exact identity, in part due to his common name. Recent research suggest that Rose was of honorable Scottish descent and spent most of his professional life working as a civil-servant at Somerset House in London (Inland Revenue at the time).

Leipzig, Grosse & Gleditsch, 1691. 4to. Contemp. full vellum. Faint handwritten title on spine. a small stamp on titlepage. In: "Acta Eruditorum Anno MDCLXXXXI". (8),590,(6) pp. and 13 (of 15) folded engraved plates. The 2 first plates lacks, but they do not belong to the papers listed.Leibniz' papers: pp.277-281 a. 1 plate, pp. 435-439. Johann Bernoulli: pp. 274-276 a. 1 plate. Huygens: pp. 281-282. - Jacob Bernoulli: pp. 282-290 a. 1 plate. All papers first apperance. All 5 of extreme importence in the development of the Calculus. Leibniz' 2 papers on the catenary curve (paper 1-2 offered here) was written at the instigation of Jacques Bernoulli. Following the example of Blaise Pascal, who had initiated, in 1658, a contest for the construction of the cycloid, Leibniz also provoked the geometers of his time, by challenging them to submit, at the fixed date of mid-1691, their geometric method for the construction of the catenary curve. Leibniz later provided the answer, followed by Johann Bernoulli and Huygens.'These two papers are a historical account of the origin of the study of this transcendental curve, and, at the same time, the first physical-geometric construction showing the species-relationship between the catenary and the logarithmic curves, as two companion curves; one arithmetic, the other geometric. All of the differentials of the catenary curve, are arithmetic means of corresponding differentials of the logarithmic curve; and, all of the differentials of the logarithmic curve, are geometric means of the catenary.'"The Catenary is the form of a hanging fully flexible rope or chain (the name comes from "catena", which means 'chain'), suspended on two points. The interest in this curve originated with Galileo, who thought that is was a parabola. Young Christiaan Huygens proved in 1646 that this cannot be the case. What the actual form was remained an open question till 1691, when Leibniz, Johann Bernoulli and the then much older Huygens sent solutions to the problem to the "Acta" (Jakob Bernoulli, 1690, Johann Bernoulli 1691, Huygens 1691 and Leibniz 1691), - these 4 1691-papers offered here - in which the previous year Jakob Bernoulli had challenged mathematicians to solve it. As published, the solutions did not reveal the methods, but through later publications of manuscripts these methods have been known. Huygens applied with great ( paper 4) virtuosity the by then classical methods of 17th century infinitesimal mathematics, and he needed all his ingenuity to reach a satisfactory solution. Leibniz ( the papers 1-2) and Bernoulli (paper 3), applying the new Calculus, found the solutions in a much direct way. In fact, the catenary was a test-case between the old and the new style in the study of curves, and only because the champion of the old style was a giant like Huygens, the test-case can formally be considered as ending in a draw." (Grattan-Guiness in "From the Calculus to Set Theory, 1630-1910.").The paper by JACOB BERNOULLI ( no. 5 offered here) is a milestone papers as it marks the invention of the "SYSTEM OF POLAR COORDINATES" with points located by reference to a fixed point and a line through that point. Although newton had earlier also devised such a coordinate system (in 1671), his work was not known, so that the credit for the discovery generally goes to Bernoulli. (Parkinson, Breakthroughs (1691).Further papers contained in this volume of Acta Eruditorum:DENYS PAPIN: Mecanicorum de Viribus Motricibus sententia, asserta a D. Papino adversius C.G.G. L. (Leibniz) objectiones. pp. 6-13. The plate lacks. - and Dion. Papini Observationes quaedam circa materias ad Hydraulicam spectantes. Pp. 208-213 a. 1 plate. This importent paper is part of the LEIBNIZ-PAPIN-CONTROVERSY.JACOB BERNOULLI: Specimen Calculi Differentialis in dimensione Parabolæ helicoidis, ubi de flexuris curvarum in genere, carundem evolutionibus. Pp. 13-22. The plate lacks. - and J.B. Demonstratio Centri Oscillationis ex Natura Vectis, reperta occassione eorum, quæ super hac materia in Historia Literaria Roterodamensi recensentur, articulo...Pp.317-321.LEIBNIZ: O.V.E. Additio ad Schediasma de Medii Resistentia publicatum in Actis mensis Febr. 1889. Pp. 177-178. and O.V.E. Quadratura Arithmetica Communis Sectionum Conicarum quæ centrum babent,...Pp. 178-182 a. 1 plate.TSCHIRNHAUS: Singularia Effecta Vitri Caustici bipedalis, quod omnia magno sumtu hactenus constructa specula ustoria virtute superat, per D.T. Pp. 517-520

Paris, Librairie de Challamel Ainé, 1861-1897. 8vo. 128 volumes, all except 7 volumes bound in uniform contemporary half calf with gilt lettering. Remaining 7 volumes in half cloth. Two volumes with detached spine. All volumes with gilt stamp to front board and a few volumes with paper label pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Spines with a bit of wear, internally very fine and clean. With numerous folded maps and charts. A fine set, all volumes first editions, of this important travel- and exploration journal, being the official French journal on maritime and colonial exploration in the last half of the 19th century containing numerous papers, maps and charts of hitherto unexplored territory.

Paris, Crochard, 1825. 8vo. 2 contemporary half calfs w. richly gilt spines. Light wear at top of spines. Minor scratches to upper compartments of spines. Small stamps on verso of title-pages and verso of plates. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago.", tome 29 a. 30. - 448 pp. and 3 folded engraved plates + 448 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. (The entire volumes offered). Ampère's papers: pp. 381-404 (tome 29) + Suite pp. 29-41 (tome 30) + "Lettre à Gerhardi": pp. 373-381 (tome 29). Clean and fine throughout. First appearance of this famous memoir, in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy, creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell, "We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect, what, indeed, he tells us himself, that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us, and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it."The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous "Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience", which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates, together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820, 1822, 1823, the offered memoir (1825). (Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62)."From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science, but on September 11, 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work, he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight, parallel, and current-carrying, wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current..... During the following years he continued his researches, both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY (The paper offered)." (Citizen's Compendium, p. 2). - Norman No 47.The volumes contain many other notable papers by: Wöhler, Fresnel, Marcet, Berzelius, Felix Savart, De la Rive, Braconnet, Boussingault, Magnus, Poncelet, Vaugelin, Poisson, Gay-Lussac, Faraday, Laplace etc.

Amstelodami (Amsterdam), Johannes Jacobi Schipperi, 1657. Folio. Bound in one later (ca. 1800) hcalf w. marbled boards, uncut. Back w. six raised bands and coloured title-labels. Hinges, capitals and corners w. traces of use. First 12 leaves of "De Piscibus" w. repair to lower margin (ca. 4 x 10 cm. and decreasing) w. waterstaining around it, neither repair nor waterstaining affecting text or illustrations. Otherwise internally nice and clean. Engr. t-p. and 48 engr. plates (most of them depicting between 7 and 20 animals that live in water), 5, (3), 160 pp. (De Piscibus) + woodcut title-vignette and 20 engr. plates (most of them depicting between 10 and 20 shell-fish etc.), 58, (2) pp. Second edition of both works. The "Exanguibus Aquaticis" is in accordance with Nissen's description of the second edition (Nissen 2134), the second edition of the "De Piscibus", however, is described in Nissen without year and as containing 47 plates, as the first edition, whereas this copy has 48 plates (all numbered), place and printer are the same. The first editions were both printed in Frankfurt in 1650. Johnston (1603 - 1675) was born in Poland and of Scottish descend, he was primarily a medic and natural historian. His works are usually seen as compilations of information with no personal judgment accompanying it. None the less his works of natural history were of great importance to the growing interest in this field of the time. "For example four of his dictionary-style works on fish, birds, quadrupeds, and insects -published between 1650 and 1653 with excellent illustrations- were widely read and translated" (D.S.B. VII:164). Though he relied a lot on the writings of others (e.g. those of Aldrovandi), his works became of great importance, first of all because of their new educational approach, but they were also of paramount importance to the development of natural history in Japan. The first collected edition in Dutch of the Historia Naturalis published at Amsterdam in 1660, was presented as a gift to the Japanese ruler Shogun Yoshimune. It was the only source of knowledge of western natural history in Japan, until in 1750. "Jonston's writings were a useful contribution to seventeenth-century thought, although he was not in the forefront of changing concepts of the time." (D.S.B. VII:165).These two works are the separate volumes three and four of Johnston's six-volume work "Historia Naturalis". All the beautifully executed plates are by Merian, who printed the first edition. Wood mentions this 1657-edition as the "editio princeps" (Wood p. 409). Nissen 2133 + 2134.

Kazan, 1834. 8vo. Contemporary blank, blue wrappers (original?). A closed tear and a bit of staining to back wrapper and some tears and scratches to spine. Internally very nice and clean. Presumably not an off-print, as there are stitching-holes to the margins, indicating that it has been removed from a volume, although the wrappers could look original, certainly contemporary. With the original title-page for Book 11 of the "Uchenye zapiski" + pp. (167)-226. Scarce first printing of Lobachavsky's main contribution to his second most important field (after non-Euclidean geometry), namely infinite series, more specifically trigonometric series. This constitutes one of Lobachevsky's earliest papers and the one in which he presents his new results in the theory of trigonometric series. It is here that he gives his definition of a function as a correspondence between two sets of real numbers, the same definition that Dirichlet some three years later discovers independently of Lobachevsky (and is given the general credit for). This important paper was published in the Scientific Memoirs of the Kazan University. "Some of Lobachevsky's early papers, too, were on such nongeometrical subjects as algebra and the theoretical aspects of infinite series. Thus, in 1834 he published his paper "Algebra ili ischislenie konechnykh" ("Algebra, or Calculus of Finites"), of which most had been composed as early as 1825. The first issue of the "Uchenye zapiski" ("Scientific Memoirs") of Kazan University, founded by Lobachevsky, likewise carried his article "Ob ischezanii trigonometricheskikh strok" ("On the Convergence of Trigonometrical Series"). The chief thrust of his scientific endeavor was, however, geometrical, and his later work was devoted exclusively to his new non-Euclidean geometry." (DSB)

Indbundet i 85 samt. hldrbd., her og der med brugsspor samt 1 papbd. Et bind med de første blade beskadiget og manglende forperm. Enkelte kobbere synes at mangle. Ialt mangler 5 bind af rækken (= Nyt Bibliothek..bd. 22,27,31,37 og 38). Tidsskriftet er af uvurderlig betydning for den videnskabelige medicins udvkling i Danmark med dets indhold af originale bidrag, oversættelser af de udenlandske videnskabelige landvindinger samt de kritiske anmeldelser af den nyeste litteratur.

Copenhagen, 1930. Folio. Orig.hvellum. (14) pp. and 448 pp. of facsimiles (Photolitographs by Emil Pinkau & Co.,A-G, Leipzig). Corpus Codicum Islandicoruum Medii, Aevi, vol I. - The work contains in full size reproduction this world-famous manuscript.

Istanbul, Sirketi Mürettibye Matbaasi, 1933. 8vo. In contemporary full black cloth binding with gilt lettering to spine. Blindtooled frames to front and back board. Previous owner's name "Hüsnû Hizlan" in gilt lettering to front board. A fine and clean copy. (7), (1), (5)-305, (1), [errata-leaf] pp. Rare first Turkish book-length appearance of Marx’s landmark ‘Das Kapital’, being a translation of the most important abridged version of Marx's Capital ever to have appeared, Haydar Rifat’s (Yorulmaz) 1933 translation Sermaye, which was based on an abridged French version (1897) of the original by Gabriel Deville. Exerting great effort for the formation of the leftist thought and discourse in the late Ottoman and early Republican periods, Haydar Rifat was a prominent translator acting as a culture entrepreneur in the cultivation of leftist ideas. In his preface to Sermaye, Rifat notes that only passing remarks are made on Marx’s works in the faculties of law and political sciences and accounts for his attempt to further introduce Marx and his ideology to the academia and the public as follows: Das Kapital, Karl Marx’s masterpiece, has been translated into all major languages, and numerous commentaries and interpretations on this work have been published by experts in modern countries. The translations, commentaries and interpretations of this work are so abundant that they quantitatively surpass the commentaries on all Holy Books; indeed, the works produced by various experts with different approaches under the title “Marxist Library” can fill up buildings. (Front the present work). "The epitome, here translated, was published in Paris, in 1883, by Gabriel Deville, possibly the most brilliant writer among the French Marxians. It is the most successful attempt yet made to popularize Marx's scientific economics. It is by no means free from difficulties, for the subject is essentially a complex and difficult subject, but there are no difficulties that reasonable attention and patience will not enable the average reader to overcome. There is no attempt at originality. The very words in most cases are Marx's own words, and Capital is followed so closely that the first twenty-five chapters correspond in subject and treatment with the first twenty-five chapters of Capital. Chapter XXVI corresponds in the main with Chapter XXVI of Capital, but also contains portions of chapter XXX. The last three chapters-XXVII, XXVIII, and XXIX-correspond to the last three chapters-XXXI, XXXII, and XXXIII-of Capital." (ROBERT RIVES LA MONTE, Intruductory Note to the 1899 English translation). “He also refers to how he has had to deal with the challenges arising from the translation of certain terms and/or the absence of any expert on the field whom he could consult: While doing this short translation, I have encountered many difficulties. It is necessary to find equivalents for new terms, or rather the terms, which are new for us. The trouble arose not just from finding Turkish equivalents in line with the new course our language has taken, it also concerns the difficulty in finding any equivalent. Some of these words and terms were used for the first time, while I have replaced some others with alternative words and terms though they have been in use for the past five or ten years. I almost never go out. On those rare occasions when I leave home and go out, I can find almost nobody whom I can consult and discuss my translation. (Rifat 1933, 7)” Rifat concludes his lengthy preface with a humble, almost apologetic note stating that he would be more than willing to correct any mistakes in his translation that could potentially cause his readers difficulty and that he had consulted a whole list of experts, mainly economists, about the equivalents of certain terms and the general content of the translation. The preface actually ends with a list of the names of the experts to whom Rifat had sent a copy of his translation” (Konca, The Turkish Retranslations of Marx’s Das Kapital as a Site of Intellectual and Ideological Struggle) Rifat’s translation immediately triggered a series of articles and critiques in various journals and papers upon its publication.

Venice, Vincenzo Valgrisi, 1555. 8vo (209 x 146 mm). In a bit later full calf binding with five raised bands. Spine with gilt lettering and ornamentation. Extremities with wear. Boards with scratches and capitals and hinges with minor loss of leather. Printer's device to title-page. Full page woodcut illustration at beginning of each "Giornata" (included in the pagination). Title-page with light soiling and a few holes to outer lower corner, far from affecting text. Pp. 277-296 with a rather heavy dampstain. Pp. 411-416 with a few words crossed out in text with offsetting from ink. P. 289 with small hole in outer lower corner, slightly affecting text, otherwise internally fine. [Blank], (10), 487, (82), [2 Blanks] pp. Second Valgrisi-edition of Ruscelli's famous translation of Boccaccio’s The Decameron – here in the rare variant with 1555 printed on the title-page but 1554 on the separate title-page for the supplemented ‘Vocabolario generale di tutte le voci usate dal Boccaccio’. The first Valgrisi-edition was printed in 1552 and was reissued in 1554,1555 and 1557. It is widely considered one of the finest 16th century editions of Boccaccio’s work. It was intended to compete with the popular Giolito-editions, hence the stunning full-page illustrations preceding each of the ten days and the fine architectural borders. Girolamo Ruscelli, Italian Mathematician and Cartographer active in Venice during the early 16th century and especially famous for his present translation of The Decameron, had his books printed by Valgrisi. Lodovico Dolce had his translations printed by Giolito and was a fierce competitor to Ruscelli. The controversy between Ruscelli and Dolce arose from a wish on both parts to be considered the better translator of the classics and the best commentator. Their controversy was also reflected in the fact that the two scholars published their works with two rival Venetian printers:“Ruscelli even ends his address to the reader with a disparaging reference to the Giolito editions. In illustration as in text, this edition had to compete with those of Giolito. Valgrisi’s artist took the theme of the Giolito illustrations – the ten scenes of the company at a villa – and almost doubled the height of the blocks to include more architectural details and views” (Mortimer 73) Brunet I, 1001 ("Il y a des exemplaires de l’édition de 1554, dont le frontispiece porte 1555"). Adams B-2154 Mortimer 73 (The first 1552-edition).Grässe, vol. I, 450. (The first 1552-edition).

Berlin, Gebrüder Paetel, 1891. Large8vo. In a nice contemporary half calf binding with 5 raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. In "Deutsche Rundschau", Band 67, 1891. Green leather title-label and red leather tome-label to spine, Small paper label pasted on to top left corner of front board. Two stamps to first leaf and one stamp to P. 476. Light wear to extremities, internally very fine and clean. Pp. 357-390. [Entire volume: IV, 480 pp.] The Exceedingly rare first (and only 19th century) translation of Darwin's first published work "Letters on Geology" from 1835. The pamphlet was initially published without Darwin's consent and he was "a good deal horrified" when he learned about the publication, which explains the posthumous translation. The work contains extracts from ten letters written by Darwin to John Stevens Henslow (1796-1861) during his five-year voyage on the Beagle. Henslow, the charismatic and well-connected Regis Professor of Botany at Cambridge, was Darwin's close friend and first mentor in natural history and responsible for obtaining for Darwin his position as ship's naturalist aboard the Beagle. Henslow had this pamphlet printed without Darwin's knowledge for distribution amongst the members of the Cambridge Philosophical Society "in consequence of the interest which has been excited by some of the Geological notices which they contain, and which were read at a Meeting of the Society on the 16th of November 1835" an act which secured Darwin's reputation with the scientific community even before his return to England in October, 1836. "It has always been assumed that it was issued, to members of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, in December 1835 and this is probably so , but I have not seen a copy with a dated ownership inscription, or accession stamp, for that year" (Freeman).The original pamphlet was reprinted in facsimile in 1960, again for private circulation in the Cambridge Philosophical Society and for friends of that Society. Only two translations has been made: The present first and a Russian from 1959 (Freeman 7).Freeman No. 6.

Kiøbenhaffn, Henrich Waldkirch, 1610. Folio. (32 x 20 cm.). Indbundet i et samtidigt pragtfuldt renaissancebind i hellæder over træ med 4 ægte bind på ryggen, rigt udstyret med blindtryykte sammensatte rammer på begge permer og blindtrykt ornamentik i de centrale rektangulære felter. En del af ryg og hjørner restaureret, her er det gl. skind erstattet med nyt (uden blidtryk). Med 1 af 2 messinglukker. (32),DXLVII (=547),(29) pp. Forsatse fornyet. Titelbladet trykt i rød/sort, opklæbet og med lidt tab af blankt papir øverst (gl. navn bortklippet ?). Ydre margin af titelblad restaureret uden tab. Der er to varianter af titelbladet, det ene med Vedels portræt på bagsiden, det andet uden, som her. Indvendig et stort udmærket og ganske rent eksemplar, kun lettere bruning af marginer. 2. udgaven af den første dansk-sprogede Saxo-Udgave - et monumentalværk i dansk sprog og litteratur, idet værket først med Vedels oversættelse nåede frem til den almene læser, "skrevet på et rent og frodigt dansk...langt senere blev den en sproglig inspirationskilde for romantikkens danske digtere...(DBL).Thesaurus 205.

London, John Murray, (1821), 1822, 1823. Wirhout wrappers as extracted from "The Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts. (The Royal Institution of Great Britain)", vol. XII a. XV. Half-title and title-page to vol. XII, pp. 74-96 a. pp. 416-421 and 1 engraved plate (showing Faraday's apparatus for illustrating electromagnetic rotation). Title-page to vol. XV. Pp. 288-292. The plate slightly brownspotted. First appearance of these three papers in which Faraday records one of the most influential discoveries in physics in the 19th Century; - with these papers he is the very first to show how to CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FORCES INTO CONTINUAL MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, thus creating the first electric motor, using the principle of electromagnetic rotation. In the first paper he introduced for the first time the concept of "LINE OF FORCE", hereby delineating "a picture of the universe as consisting of fields of various types, one that was more subtle, flexible, and useful than the purely mechanical picture of Galileo and Newton. The FIELD UNIVERSE was to be recognized with Maxwell half a century later and with Einstein, after an interval of another half century" (Asimov)."Ever since Hans Christian Oersted's announcement of the discovery of electromagnetism in the summer of 1820, editors of scientific journals had been inundated with articles on the phenomenon. Theories to explain it had multiplied, and the net effect was confusion. Were all the effects reported real? Did the theories fit the facts? It was to answer these questions that Phillips turned to Faraday and asked him to review the experiments and theories of the past months and separate truth from fiction,...Faraday agreed to undertake a short historical survey...His enthusiasm was aroused in September 1821, when he turned to the investigation of the peculiar nature of the magnetic force created by an electrical current. Oersted had spoken of the "electrical conflict" surrounding the wire and had noted that "this conflict performs circles".....Yet as he experimented he saw precisely what was happening. Using a small magnetic needle to map the pattern of magnetic force, he noted that one of the poles of the needle turned in a circle as it was carried around the wire. He immediately realized that a single magnetic pole would rotate unceasingly around a current-carrying wire so long as the current flowed. He then set about devising an instrument to illustrate this effect. His paper "On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism" appeared in the 21 October 1821 issue of the "Quarterly Journal of Science" (The paper offered). It records the first conversion of electrical into mechanical energy. It also contained the first notion of the line of force." (DSB IV, pp. 533).

Holland, 1921-29. Textvolume with 25 parts in small folio (31 x 21 cm.) and bound in contemp. hcalf. Gilt spine with gilt lettering. Ca. 300 pp. On good paper. Clean and fine. - Atlas in Imperial folio-oblong. (52 x 72 cm.). Contemp. hcalf. Some tears to spine. With 36 engraved plates (gravee door Schweickhart) with many construction-details. Clean and fine. Stamp on title-page. + Atlas in folio-oblong (Ordonnanzen) (38 x 53 cm.). Contemp. hcalf. Titlelabel on upper cover with gilt lettering. Title-page with a stamp. With 18 engraved folio-plates with many figs. Clean and fine.

Paris, Crochard, 1820. 8vo. Without wrappers, as extracted from "Annales de Chimie et de Physique", Volume 15, pp. 59-76 and pp.170-218. Five engraved plates accompanying the memoires showing the experimental equipments. Half-title and title-page to volume 15 present. First edition of the first announcement of Ampère's discoveries on electromagnetism. Ampère first heard of Ørsted's discovery of electromagnetism on the 4th of September when Arago announced Ørsted's results to the Paris Academy of Sciences. In Ørsted's experiment a current-carrying wire is held over, and under, a compass needle - the result being that the needle is positioned at 45 degrees in respect to the wire. Ampére immediately saw that this result made no physical sense and realized that the true nature of the effect could not be observed until the force of terrestrial magnetism was somehow neutralized; what Ørsted had observed and reported on was the resultant of the force from the wire and that from the earth's magnetic field. Ampère discovered that the compass needle sets at 90 degrees to the current-carrying wire when the effect of terrestrial magnetism is eliminated. He also observed that current-carrying wires which are formed as spirals act as permanent magnets, and this lead him to his theory that electricity in motion produces magnetism and that permanent magnets must contain electrical currents. And thus, Ampère laid the foundation of the new field of electrodynamics.Ampère announced his theory and experimental results, for the first time, in a series of memoires read before the Paris Academy of Sciences in September and October 1820. These memoires were first published in the September and October issues of Arago's "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" (the offered items). In November, Ampère had a separate printing of his findings published under the title 'Mémoires sur I'action mutuelle de deux courans électriques, sur celle qui existe entre un courant électrique et un aimant ou le globe terrestre, et celle de deux aimans I'un sur I'autre.' (Dibner 62, Norman 43). On the title-page of this publication it is stated 'Extrait des Annales de Chimie et de Physique' and therefore this publication is often identified as an offprint of the two offered papers (see the Norman sales catalogue for an example). This is, however untrue, since it contains considerable changes and additions in comparison with text of the journal issues (see Williams: What were Ampère's Earliest Discoveries in Electrodynamics? ISIS, volume 74, p.492).Honeyman 82, Barchas 51, Wheeler 762. Sparrow, Milestones No 8.

Kiöbenhavn, uden ang. af trykker, 1755-80. 4to. 11 samt. ensartede hellæderbind af flammet kalv. Rig rygforgyldning og ophøjede bind på rygge. Tome-og titelfelter i skind. Forgyldte bordurer på permer. Kapitæler på nogle få bind bind lidt slidte, nogle hjørner lidt stødte. 10 kobberstukne titelblade og 1 bogtrykt. Trykt på svært skrivepapir. Indvendig ren og frisk. Pragteksemplar af "Fundationerne" som har tilhørt Adam Gottlob Moltke til Bregentved og til hvem flere af bindene er dediceret. På alle for-og bagpermer er Moltke's store forgyldte, kronede hjerteskjold. Komplet eksemplar af Hans de Hofmans store værk, som indeholder en del plancher i form af portrætter, kort og genealogiske tabeller, bl.a. portræt af Tycho Brahe, store vignetter m.m.

Lisboa, Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, 1803. Folio-oblong (365 x 255 mm). In contemporary half calf. Wear to extremies, upper part of spine with loss of leather. Ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. With, primarily marginal, brownspotting throughout. Dampstain to inner margin and upper outer margin of last 10 ff. 32 ff. Rare first edition of the most celebrated Portuguese treatise on calligraphy. Joaquim José Ventura da Silva (1777–1849), regarded as one of Portugal’s finest calligraphers and teachers of writing, composed this methodological guide to handwriting in which he combines a historical survey of scripts used in Portugal with practical instruction for teaching and learning penmanship.Ventura da Silva is reffered to by Innocencio (Diccionario Bibliographico) as "one of the best Portuguese Calligraphers". A second edition was published in 1819, a third in 1841, and a facsimile was published in Porto in 1899.

København, 1820 (Original work published St. Pétersburg, 1813) 4to (190 x 258 mm). In later half cloth. Gilt lettering and stamp to front board. Two stamps to title-page. Manuscript in brown ink by Danish Rear Admiral Lövenørn. Fine and clean with text in very good and legible condition. (6), 32 pp. + coloured manuscript map of Strait of Sunda. Copy of Krusensterns 1813-map. (590 x 460 mm) Danish Manuscript translation of Krusenstern's commentary to his of map of the Strait of Sunda and Batavia habour from 1813. We have been able to locate only one other copy of this work (also a Danish translation, from 1815, but lacking the map), manuscript and printed, in Danish, Swedish or Norwegian. Despite the fact that the Strait of Sunda was sailed relatively frequently by European sailors, Krusenstern's 1813-memoir is one of the earliest reliable pilots to this strait. From the present memoire: "Although a strait so important as that of Sunda, frequented every year by more than 50 European ships, ought to be (as one would naturally suppose) perfectly well known; notwithstanding which, after having examined the charts of these coasts reputed the best, I venture to say that I have been convinced that there does not exit one with which one can be entirely satisfied". Rear admiral Lövenørn became the first director of Royal Danish Nautical Charts Archive in 1784.

Zeneva [Geneva], Tipografiâ "Soûza Russkih' Social'demokratov", 1899. Small8vo. In the original printed wrappers. A very fine and clean copy. (1)-52 pp. Scarce first appearance of Lenin's important and influential analysis and commentary on the New Factory law of June 2nd 1897. Written by Lenin in Exile in 1897 and published two years later in Geneva, the present pamphlet marks the turning point for the Marxist movement in Russia: "The Marxist underground had won a remarkable moral victory [In lowering the working hours to eleven and half hour per day]. What had hitherto appeared as a harmless, even anachronistic doctrine in such a backward country as Russia, was now seen as a threat of intimidating dimensions." (Akimov, on the Dilemmas of Russian Marxism 1895-1903)."Despite continuous repression, which landed many experienced revolutionaries in exile, the movement helped provoke and organize massive strikes in St. Petersburg in 1896 and 1897, leading many manufacturers unilaterally to shorten the regular workday in their factories to eleven and a-half hour. The government extended this concession to the whole country in a law of 2 june 1897. Henceforth, however, the government would deal with strike instigators largely by administrative means, not in the regular courts. The Police Department would also pay far more attention to the labor movement" (Lieven, The Cambridge History of Russia, Vol. 2). The fact that the autocracy had been seen to capitulate to the demands of a section of the Russian people was something almost unique in Russian history. This lesson was not lost upon Lenin and in the present work Lenin pointed out repeatedly that it was only due to the determined initiative of the St. Peterburg workers that legal concession for all workers was secured: "It was only by struggle, by a conscious and staunch struggle, that the workers secured passage of this law. Only by struggle will they be able to secure the actual enforcement of the law and its enforcement in the interests of the workers. Without a stubborn struggle, without a staunch resistance of the united workers to every claim the employers make, the new law will remain a scrap of paper" (From the present publication).A major theme of Lenin's writings prior to 1905 was concerned with factory legislation, the present publication by far being the most important.

New York, Macmillan, 1924. 8vo. In the original cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Minor wear to extremities and hinges a bit weak, otherwise a very fine copy. (blank), X, (1), 394, (blank) pp. First edition of Commons' landmark work, in which he developed his 'theories of the evolution of capitalism and of institutional change as a modifying force alleviating the major defects of capitalism' (New Palgrave). Together with Thorstein Veblen and Wesley Clair Mitchell, Commons was one of the three founders of American Institutionalism.'He sought to demonstrate the importance for economic theory of collective action in all its varieties. These included not only the state but also a host of voluntary associations, such as the corporation and the trade union; in fact, collective action conceptually embraced all institutions, since Commons defined an institution as "collective action in control of individual action"' (IESS)'Although Commons' institutionalism had different emphases from that of Thorstein Veblen, for example, in that Commons stressed reform of the capitalist framework, they shared a view of economics as political economy and of the economy as comprising more than the market' (The New Palgrave, vol.1, p.506).John Rogers Commons (1862-1945) was an institutional economist and labor historian who became a significant contributor to most pieces of social and labor legislation in the 20th century. He was the first American economist and social scientist to dedicate himself to improving labor conditions, believing that labor injustice not only impacted workers, but also the stability of society.

Paris, Moutard, Panckoucke, 1780. 4to. Extract from "Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans", Tome IX. With titlepage to vol. IX. Pp. (2), (167-) 264 and 4 folded engraved plates. The memoir has also its own titlepage. Fine and clean. Wide-margined. First printing of this monumental memoir (the invention of the TORSION BALANCE) dealing with the best way to construct a magnetic compass. The paper contains the design of a torsion suspension declination compass and the demonstration that the forces of torsion is proportional to the angle of twist. Coulomb received the prize awarded by the Academy for this paper drafted by the Academy in 1777 (he shared the prize with Van Swinden). - "The importance of this memoir for Coulomb's career is that it CONTAINED ELEMENTS OF ALL HIS MAJOR PHYSICAL STUDIES: the quantitative study of magnetism, torsion and the torsion balance, friction and fluid resistance, and the germ of his theories of elasticity and magnetism."(DSB)."Coulomb’s first writings on torsion were presented in his Academy prize-winning memoir of 1777, "Recherches sur la meilleure maniere de fabriquer les aiguilles aimantées."......... his simple, elegant solution to the problem of torsion in cylinders and his use of the torsion balance in physical applications were important to numerous physicists in succeeding years. In chapter 3, Coulomb developed the theory of torsion in thin silk and hair threads. Here he was the first to show how the torsion suspension could provide physicists with a method of accurately measuring extremely small forces. He showed that within certain angular limits, torsional oscillation consisted of simple harmonic motion. He examined the parameters relating the angle of twist to the length, diameter, and elastic properties of the torsion thread. In the range of simple harmonic oscillation Coulomb demonstrated that the force of torsion was proportional to the angle of twist. He used this principle in measuring small magnetic forces and also called attention to its use in measuring other forces, notably those of fluids in motion. Eventually he was able to measure forces of less than 9 x 10-4 dynes.""Coulomb’s major memoirs in electricity and magnetism are his 1777 memoir on magnetic compasses, the famous series of seven electricity and magnetism memoirs read at the Academy from 1785 to 1791, and several magnetism memoirs prepared after the French Revolution. In his electrical studies Coulomb determined the quantitative force law, gave the notion of electrical mass, and studied charge leakage and the surface distribution of charge on conducting bodies. In magnetism he determined the quantitative force law, created a theory of magnetism based on molecular polarization, and introduced the idea of demagnetization (basically, that combinations of magnetic poles can "cancel" each other)."(DSB).Parkinson "Breakthroughs": 1777:P

Kiøbenhafn, Melchiore Martzan, (1647-) 1648. 4to. In contemporary half calf with four raised bands. Wear to extremities. Previous owner's name to pasted down front end-paper. Ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Two-line annotation in Latin dated 1712 to front free end-paper. First leaves with marginal dampstaining. F. 379 missing lower outer corner, but a leaf from another copy loosely inserted. Last 188 ff. depicting various flowers with annotations in contemporary hand and with occassional rudimentary handcoloring. With occassional marginal brownspotting throughout. (18), 3-393, (48) ff. + 376 full page woodcuts of plants on 188 ff., frontispiece, engraved half-title and 4 plates depicting the four seasons (complete). First edition of the first illustrated Danish Herbarium, a seminal work in the history of Danish botanical literature. The work is widely regarded as being one the most beautiful and lavishly illustrated Danish 17th century prints. The first part of this work was published in Copenhagen in 1648. The second part (containing the attractive four woodcut titles and plant woodcuts) was published at Antwerp by Plantin in 1647, the Danish printers not having the facilities or expertise to do the job themselves. Most of the woodcuts are taken from Clusius and L’Obel.Nissen BBI, 1497Birkelund, 50. Biblioteca Danica II, 188.Thesaurus 589.

Beograd, Izdavacka Knjizarnica Gece Kona, 1924. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Spine renewed, preserving most of the original spine. Ink stain to front wrapper. Previous ower's name to top of title-page. First leaves with a few underlignings, otherwise internally fine and clean. 198, (4) pp. Rare first Serbian translation of Marx's Das Kapital. Translator Mosa Pijade, a Serbian Sephardic Jew, were sentenced 20 years of prison in 1925 because of 'revolutionary activities', partly because of making the present translation. In prison he meet Josip Broz-Tito and Pijade became Tito s right hand, one of the leaders of Tito s Partisans during WWII and after the war the President of the Yugoslavian Parliament.During WWII Pijade became one of the leaders of Tito s partisans and after the war the President of the Yugoslavian Parliament between 1954 and 1955. In 1948, Pijade convinced Tito to allow the Yugoslav Jews to immigrate to Israel. The book was issued by Geca Kon (Géza Kohn), a Jewish publisher, born in Hungary, who owned the biggest publishing house in Yugoslavia, operating from 1901 until the occupation by Germany in 1941. After the Germans marched into Belgrade, Kon was arrested and shot. Most of his family, who were also active in the business, were taken to a concentration camp in Vojvodina and shot in the same year. OCLC only list three copies: University of Pittsburgh, Philosophical Faculty; Ljubljana and Zagreb City Library

Oporto, Livraria Chardron, de Lello y Irmao, (1913). 8vo. Partly uncut in the original printed wrappers. Spine cracked and front hindge with repair. Wrappers with a few nicks. Half-title with previous owners names. Internally fine and clean. XVI, 477 pp. The first edition, in the rarely seen wrappers, of the first Portuguese translation of Darwin's "Origin of Species". The comparatively late translation is partly due to the Portuguese 'Frenchism' at the time. The first French translation appeared in 1862 and was also widely circulated in Portugal. It also appears that the translator, a doctor and professor (who was also a Mason, a self-proclaimed poet, and the founder of the Spiritist Society of Portugal) named Joaquim [Marques] Dá Mesquita [Montenegro] Paúl (1875-1946), used the French translation rather than the English original. This apparently led to a number of errors and mis-translations that rendered the work unfaithful, to say the least. Unfortunately, this translation continued to be reprinted for the rest of the century in the Portuguese speaking world, oftentimes by simply changing the name of the translator for a spurious name. The first Brazilian edition, in 1973, turned out to be nothing but an exact reproduction of the text of the Portuguese translation. It appears that even in the 21st century many of the purported new translations were still reprints of the first Portuguese edition. A proper translation from the English was made in 1982, but it was apparently condensed from the 6th ed. (1872). In 1985 a complete translation was published, but it was based on the first ed. (1859). In 2011 and 2014, finally, two different translations were published in Brazil that appear to be more legitimate, which, as a commentator avers (see links below) doesn't necessarily guarantee that they are faithful. Thus, the Portuguese OSS bibliography remains murky and convoluted to this day, and it appears to be a continuing saga. Therefore this late, defective first translation, seems to have been crucial to the understanding-or misunderstanding- of Darwin's OSS for Portuguese readers for the remainder of the century, and then some.The uncertainty regarding the publication year is quite puzzling for a modern book. Freeman (online) gives three different numbers (F743, F743a, and F743b, the latter being 1961 and 1990, both of which are by the same translator as the first), and he gives the date "[?192-]" and 1920 to the first. The entry in the Biblioteca Nacional de España states "1924", and two Brazilian libraries give "1900's" and the rather wide ranging "1910-1992," a Portuguese university library states "1900-80," and the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal says "1900." The year 1925 is given to the only two copies in US libraries, the American Philosophical Society and The Huntington. In the links below, the commentators assign it to the year 1913, and even though they don't justify that date, they seem to be quite familiar with Portuguese OSS editions in general. The date 1913 is also given by Ana Leonor Pereira in "The Reception of Darwin in Portugal (1865-1914)" Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia T. 66, Fasc. 3, Evolução, Ética e Cultura / Evolution, Ethics and Culture (2010), pp. 643-660, which perhaps makes it more plausible As a final note, the 1961 translation at the Huntington purportedly by Eduardo Fonseca, is one of those spurious reprints with a made up name mentioned earlier. (http://catalog.huntington.org/record=b1703473 )(For a few commentaries on the different editions and on various Portuguese OOS translations and purported translators, see:http://observatoriodaimprensa.com.br/armazem-literario/_ed802_lendo_darwin_em_portugues/ andhttp://naogostodeplagio.blogspot.com/2009/10/miseria-pouca-e-bobagem.html )Freeman 743