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[Lancaster], American Institute of Physics, 1939. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary full red cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Entire volume of "The Physical Review", Volume 55, Second Series, January 1 - June 15, 1939. "Development Department" in small gilt lettering to lower part of spine. A very fine and clean copy. [Bethe:] Pp. 434-456. [Oppenheimer & Volkoff:] Pp. 374-381. [Entire volume: 1300 pp.]. First printing of "ENERGY PRODUCTION IN STARS", Hans Bethe's seminal Nobel Prize winning paper on neucleosynthesis. It was the first time an astrophysical subject was recognized by the Nobel Committee. Bethe's work on nuclear reactions led him to discover the reactions that supply the energy in stars. In this paper, Bethe shows that "the most important source of energy in ordinary stars is the reactions of carbon and nitrogen with protons" (Bethe, Energy Production in Stars). Bethe began by analyzing the different possibilities for reactions by which hydrogen is fused into helium. He showed two processes to be the sources of energy generation capable of keeping stars hot. The first, the proton-proton chain, is the dominant energy source in stars with masses up to about the mass of the Sun. The second, the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle, is the most important in more massive stars. "ON MASSIVE NEUTRON CORES" and NEUTRON STARS AND THE TOLMAN-OPPENHEIMER-VOLKOV LIMIT, two landmark papers which "for the first time laid a general relativistic theory of stellar structure" (Pais, Subtle is the Lord), thereby proving Einstein wrong in his conclusion that no star could collapse indefinitely.In the paper they addressed the question that Landau's paper, and also Oppenheimer and Serber's, had failed to consider: what is the maximum mass for stable neutron-star? This paper applied Tolman's method to calculate the gravitational equilibrium of a neutron star and predict the conditions under which it will continue collapsing into a black hole (the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov Limit). The issue contain several other papers of interest: 1. Tolman, Richard. "Static Solutions of Einstein's Field Equations for Spheres of Fluid" - This paper developed a method for applying Einstein's field equations to static spheres of fluid in such a manner as to facilitate the development of exact solutions using known analytic functions); Jenkins and Segre's "Quadratic Zeeman Effect" and "Zeeman Effect of the Forbidden Lines of Potassium" .2. Gamow & Teller. "On the Origin of Great Nebulae". 3. Seaborg & Segre. "Nuclear Isomerism in Element 43" 4. Gentner & Segre. "Appendix on the Calibration of the Ionization Chamber". 5. Bethe. "On the Absence of Polarization in Electron Scattering" & "Meson Theory of Nuclear Forces."

Edinburgh and London, Blackwood and Sons, 1863. Orig. full cloth, gilt lettering on spine, frontcover gilt. Tears to cloth at hinges, but covers not loose. Spine and covers somewhat rubbed. Covers worn at edges. XXXI,658 pp. and Publishers Catalogue at end. Numerous textillustrations in woodcut, 26 plates (incl. the steelengraved frontispiece), 2 maps (1 large folded and coloured in outline), foldings of map strenghtened on verso). Internally in general fine and clean, only a few weak brownspots. First edition. Speke travelled with Burton in Somaliland in 1854 and barely escaped with his life. In 1857 he joined Burton again in Africa. Together they found Lake Tanganyika, and later travelling alone, Speke found Lake Victoria. Returning to Africa with Grant in 1860, he proved that the Nile was the outlet of Lake Victoria. . He died in Bath by shooting himself accidentally.

Édition Francaise. Paris 1913. Folio (ca. 45x35 cm). (6),XV,128,102 s. Foldeplansjer. Rikt illustrert. Orig. brunt skinnbd. med topp gullsnitt, (fremre og nedre snitt ubeskåret). Innbd. litt slitt i kantene. Noen blader svakt plettet. Visjonen om den utopiske ""Verdensbyen"" var den norsk-amerikanske billedhuggeren Hendrik C. Andersens hovedprosjekt fra 1907 og i tiåret som fulgte. Byen skulle bringe sammen det fremste innen kunst, kultur, religion, politikk og vitenskap. I samarbeid med den franske arkitekten Ernest Hebrad utarbeidet han en en plan for byen og i 1913 ble denne boken utgitt for å presentere og samle støtte til prosjektet. *Boken er en av et begrenset, nummeret opplag, men nummeret er utradert. Fransk.

Leiden, 1586. Originalt kobberstikk. Arkets størrelse : 54,5 cm X 40,5 cm. I passepartout.. Latin. “Ioannes a Doetecum Fecit”. Latinsk tekst på arkets bakside. Et meget dekorativt kart. Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer, (ca. 1533-1606), hydrograf og seiler. Hans “Spieghel der Zeevaerdt” utkom hos Christophe Plantin i Leiden i 1584-85, og den latinske utgaven “Speculum Nauticum” utkom året etter.

Genève., 1781. 8vo. Praktfullt samtidig helskinnsbind med opphøyde ryggbånd, tittelfelter i rødt og mørkebrunt skinn, rik ryggforgylling, enkel gulldekor på deklene. xv- , 247, (1) ; (4), -xix, (1), 285, (1) s. Med et kobberstukket foldekart over den østlige delen av Sveits samt 8 kobberstukne plansjer.8vo. Beautifully bound in contemporery full calf, raised bands, titles in red and brown leather, spine richly gilt, covers simly gilt. xv-, 247, (1) ; (4), -xix, (1), 285, (1) pp. With one engraved folding map of the eastern part of Switzerland and 8 engraved plates.. (Chez J. P. Bonnant, Imprimeur) Fransk. Ex libris.Bookplate.

Kiøbenhavn, 1776. 8vo. 1700-talls eller tidlig 1800-talls skinnryggbind med marmorerte dekler. Treskåren vignett på tittelbladet. 44, 96, 112, 40, 64, 124 s. (Trykt paa Gyldendals Forlag.) Dansk. Bjørn Ringstrøms eksemplar med hans notat “Forordet og de fire første skuespillene er komplette. E. Falsens “Salavini og Adelson” mangler s. 113-116 og s. 121-124”. De manglende sidene vedlagt i kopi. Wessels “Lykken bedre end Forstanden” her i førsteutgave.

Hamburg, 1674. Liten 4to. Nyere shirtingryggbind. (8), 70 s. Med et foldet kart. (In Verlägung Johan Naumans und Jürgen Wolfs.) Tysk. Mangler tre plansjer. Tittelbladet restaurert.

Nürnberg, 1493. Originalt tresnitt. Folio. Arkets størrelse : 60 cm X 41,5 cm.. Latin. Rent eksemplar.Fra Hartmann Schedel : Liber Chronicarum. Utgitt av Anton Koberger i Nürnberg i 1493.“It is one of the best-documented early printed books—an incunabulum —and one of the first to successfully integrate illustrations and text.” (Wikipedia).The publisher and printer was Anton Koberger, the godfather of Albrecht Dürer, who in the year of Dürer's birth in 1471 ceased goldsmithing to become a printer and publisher. He quickly became the most successful publisher in Germany, eventually owning 24 printing presses and having many offices in Germany and abroad, from Lyon to Budapest. (Wikipedia).The large workshop of Michael Wolgemut, then Nuremberg's leading artist in various media, provided the unprecedented 1,809 woodcut illustrations. (Wikipedia).

Kiøbenhavn / Sorøe, Trykt hos Jonas Lindgren, 1761. 8vo. (16), 224, s. 193-205, (3) s. (feilkpag.). Kobberstukket tittelvign. 2 kobberst. foldeplansjer og ett foldet kart. Samtidig skinnbind med rik gulldekor på ryggen. Titteletikett på ryggen. Marmorert overtrekkspapir på permene. Noen små ormehull på ytre falser. “Tatt” øverst på ryggen.. . Bibl. Norv. II, 1221.Jens Essendrop (1723-1801)var teolog, men mest kjent som topografisk forfatter. Fra 1764 var han bergamtsassessor på Kongsberg og var overbergsamtsforvalter samme sted i 30 år fra 17771. Han var medlem av både det norske og det danske videnskapsselskap. ""Hans begeistrede skildring av utsigten fra Paradisbakkerne er indenfor norsk litteratur en av de allertidligste prøver paa det 18. aarhundredes naturbeskrivende prosa."" (Francis Bull i No. Biogr. Leks.) Boken er den første av de etterhvert mange, norske topografiske beskrivelser på slutten av 1700-tallet.

New York, 1850. Folio. Originalt litografi. Arkets størrelse : 51 cm X 36 cm. I håndlaget passepartout fra Bleijenberg i Amsterdam. Folio. Original litho. Size of sheet. 51 cm X 36 cm. Mounted in passepartout from Bleijenberg in Amsterdam. (G. Hayward’s Lith. 206 Pearl St. N. Y.) Engelsk. The Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York, commonly known as Valentine's Manual, was published annually by the city's Common Council from 1841 to 1870, and is of historical interest today partly because of its statistics and listings of officials, but mostly because of historical essays and images added by its compilers unrelated to other specific contents. (Wikipedia). David Thomas Valentine, (1801-1869). Litografen var George Hayward, (1800-1872), opprinnelig fra England.

London, 1824. Stor 4to. Noe senere skinnryggbind med tittelfelt i grønt skinn. Enkel ryggforgylling. xvi, (2), 408 s. Med graverte vignetter og initialer.Large 4to. Somewhat later calf, title in green, spine simply gilt. xvi,(2), 408 pp. Engraved vignettes and initials.. (Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy.) Engelsk. "" - a very important winebook, the first in English to describe the history of wine in detail"".Noe skrapet ved ytterkantene, ellers et fint eksemplar.A bit rubbed at extremities, else a nice copy.

London, 1758. Folio. Nyere skinnryggbind med opphøyde ryggbånd, tittelfelt i brundrødt skinn, marmorerte dekler. XX, 207, (1) s. Med et stort foldet kart over Island. Folio. Recent half calf, raised bands, title in redbrown, marbled boards. XX, 207, (1) pp. With one large folding map showing Iceland. (Printed for A. Linde etc.) Engelsk. Fiske pp 257. Klose 591. Første engelske utgave. Den danske utgaven var utgitt i 1752. First English edition, the original in Danish having been published in 1752.

London, 1784. 4to. Nyere skinnryggbind med svakt opphøyde ryggbånd, enkel ryggforgylling, tittelfelter i rødt skinn, marmorerte dekler. xvi, 590 ; vi, 631, (1) s. Med fire foldekart, seks planjser ; syv foldekart, seks plansjer. 4to. Recent half calf, raised bands, spines simply gilt, titles in red, marbled boards. xvi, 590 ; vi,631, (1) pp. Four folding maps, six plates ; seven folding maps, six plates. (Printed by J.Nichols, for T. Cadell.) Engelsk. Schiötz 239. Bring 232. Omhandler ikke Norge.Alle plansjene og kartene tilstede i henhold til innholdsfortegnelsen. Nothing about Norway.All plates and maps present according to list of content.

Christiania, Johan Dahl, 1838 - 1881. Rikt illustrert med litogr. folde- plansjer, dels i fargetrykk. Mange foldekart. Senere helsjirtingbd., burgunder, ryggene noe falmet, ellers pene. Endel foromsl. medb. Stort sett pen materie, men noen fuktskj. St. på baksatsene. . Bøker. Bøker eldre enn 1850. . Her er mye å hente både innen topografien og naturhistorien. Kjente, naturhist. medarbeidere, bl.a. Baltazar Keilhau, Axel Blytt, Chr. Hansteen m. fl.

Munster, Perrenon, 1769. 8vo. Bound in a very nice contemporary half calf binding with four raised bands and richlty gilt spine. Center and corners of boards with gilt flower ornamentation. Small paper-label to upper part of spine. Traces from label (ex-libris?) having been removed from verso of front board. A nice and clean copy. 143 pp. The exceedingly rare second edition of Brument’s attempt at a sequel to Rousseau's "La Nouvelle Héloïse" with the story revolving around Henriette, the daughter of Julie de Wolmar, a central character in Rousseau's novel. The first edition was published in Geneve in 1768 – both editions are of the utmost scarcity and are rarely found in the trade. “Henriette de Wolmar” is part of a broader trend in the 18th century where Rousseau's “La Nouvelle Héloïse” inspired numerous derivative works, including sequels, parodies, and adaptations – all early examples of fan-fiction. The success of Rousseau's novel sparked a wave of creative responses, as readers and writers sought to expand, reinterpret or critique the original story. In Rousseau's original work, “La Nouvelle Héloïse”, Julie is portrayed as a virtuous woman who navigates the complexities of love, duty, and social expectations. Brument's sequel, however, shifts the narrative focus to Julie's role as a mother, particularly highlighting her possessiveness and jealousy towards her daughter. This jealousy serves as the central conflict of the story illustrating the psychological and emotional turmoil that can be within family relationships. Provenance: Valdemar's Castle.

London, Edwardi Story, 1654. 12mo. In contemporary full vellum. Binding slightly twisted. Front board with large stain. Annotations in contemporary hand to pasted down front end-paper and free front end-paper. Small marks with annotations pasted in margin. Internally fine and clean. (10), 302, 72 pp. with many diagrams and illustrations in text. Rare first edition of George Fournier's work on Euclid's Element. “Some of the benefits of the smaller format adopted by Clavius’s edition were negated by the length of the text, and the next phase of Euclidean publication during the seventeenth century saw the rapid adoption of smaller formats, culminating in a number of tiny duodecimo issues such as the 1644 Paris edition of Georges Fournier, later reprinted in Cambridge. (In note:) Issued as a duodecimo in Paris in 1644 and 1654, and in London in 1654 and 1665.” (Anja-Silvia Goeing, Early Modern Universities: Networks of Higher Learning). Georges Fournier, a French Jesuit priest, geographer and mathematician, served as a naval military chaplain on a ship of the line, and acquired a strong knowledge of technical and naval matters. In 1642, he published the treaty Hydrographie, where he attempted to provide a scientific foundation to the design of ships. He also authored a Treaty of fortifications or military architecture, drawn from the most estimated places of our times, for fortifications, whose original edition was published in Paris in 1649 by Jean Hénault at the Salle Dauphine of l'ange gardien. Another edition was published in 1668 in Mayence by Louis Bourgeat. His works on Euclidean geometry (Paris, 1644 and 1654) were translated into English, and gave rise to three successive editions.Georges Fournier taught René Descartes.Steck IV, p. 100.

Kjøbenhavn, 1824. Small 8vo. Original paper covered boards. Remains of gilt title-plabel to spine. Spine worn and corners bumped. Internally brownspotted. (4), VIII, 117; (1) pp. Magnificent presentation-copy - for Grundtvig - of the scarce first edition of Howitz' most important philosophical work. With his first work of 1824, "Om Afsindighed og Tilregnelse..." Howitz initiated the seminal 19th century Danish discussion on free will, known as the "Howitz-dispute". Inscribed to front free end-paper: "Til / Hr. Pastor N. F. S. Grundtvig / Ærbødigst / fra / Forfatteren" (i.e. "For / Mr. Pastor N. F. S. Grundtvig / most respectfully / from / the author". The Danish pastor Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig (1783-1872) is arguably, together with Kierkegaard (and perhaps Hans Christian Andersen) the most influential Danish author of all time. He holds a unique position in Danish cultural history, profoundly forming Danish society, the national spirit of which is still widely Grundtvigian. Danish national institutions are widely based on Grundtivg's ideals, and the new form of nationalism that his ideas gave rise to in the last half of the 19th century still permeates Danish society and Danish national understanding. In this foundational work "On Madness and Ascribing Responsibility:", Howitz claimed that those learned in the law (at that time led by Oersted) did not understand the relationship between the normal rational state of man and the mad state, and he thus initiated a discussion about the legal term of imputability, behind which he saw Kant's notion of liberty. With the thoughts of Hume, Howitz sets out to refute Kant's notion of human free will. He equals the relationship between motivation and act with the relationship between cause and effect, and thus, according to Howits, there can be no human act without cause. Like Hume, Howitz did not understand this natural necessity as being in opposition to freedom."The so-called “Howitz-dispute,” which arose in Copenhagen in the second half of the 1820s, represents a sort of tear in a monotonous and uniform ideological fabric, whose consequences are destined to last until the middle of the century and ideally join together with the strongest continental currents. The dispute takes its name from the Danish professor of forensic medicine, Frantz Gotthard Howitz (1789-1826), who wrote in 1824 the treatise On Madness and Ascribing Responsibility: A Contribution on Psychology and Jurisprudence, in which he considered a problem to which the entire post-revolutionary civil society was looking for a fair solution, namely, the problematic relationship between madness and the ascription of responsibility. The treatise immediately evoked a number of critical reactions, since the author “accused” the Danish law of the time of being based on Kant’s view of morality. Howitz’s treatise has the merit of originality not only because, from a chronological point of view, it comes before many of the most important writings on the theme of madness and imputability (and its author is thoroughly acquainted with the inter-national scientific literature on mental illnesses), but also because it shows how at the root of the Danish clinical and legal reasoning of the time, there was the Kantian moral doctrine." (Ingrid Basso: On Madness and Free Will: a Kantian Debate in Denmark in the First Half of 19th Century).

Copenhagen, Bianco Lunas, 1929. Royal 8vo. Bound with the original wrappers and the original back-strip in a fine half morocco binding with gilt lettering to spine (Signed "Ole Olsen 1978 Co´libri"). An exceptionally fine copy. 76 pp. First edition of this collection of three articles translated into Danish and appearing as thus for the first time. Inscribed by Bohr (signed "the author") on the title-page: "Hr. Assistent cand. mag. V. Thorsen / med venlig Hilsen / fra Forfatteren". The work constitutes the first Danish translations of the present three articles: "Atomic Theory and Mechanics" (1925, Rosenfeld 33), "The Quantum Postulate and the Recent Development of Atomic Theory" (1928, Rosenfeld 37), and "Wirkungsquantum und Naturbeschreibung", (1929, Rosenfeld 39), here published together for the first time under the title "Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature" and with an introductory overview. The present collection of articles, translated into Danish, Bohr's mother tongue, constitutes an important insight into Bohr's thought and fundamental views on atomic theory and nature. The work, as it is here, has been elected as the Bohr-entry in the official list of Danish canonic literature, which collects the most important literary contributions to Danish culture. This is the only Bohr-item on the list. (see: http://www.kanonudvalget.dk). Rosenfeld, Bohr Bibliography No. 40.

Copenhagen, Bianco Lunos, 1842. 4to. Bound in the original boards with silver stained papercovers. Some nicks to backstrip. Margins of covers having the silver-staining toned down (oxidation). Edges gilt. As it is printed on "vellum-paper" and edges gilt, it is probably one of the gift copies, but unsigned. IV, 76 pp. and 3 double-page, folded lithographed plates with many figs. Light marginal browning to plates, otherwise fine. The scarce first edition of the work in which Steenstrup describes his discovery of the principle of 'alternation of generations', sexual and asexual in plants and animals. "(Steenstrup) showed that certain animals produce offspring which never resemble them but which, on the other hand, bring forth progeny which return in form and nature to their grandparents or more distant ancestors." (Garrison & Morton No 217). A German translation was published the same year, and an English in 1845. Norman 2009 (German translation). "The second major publication - (the first dealing with geology) - of 1842 was "Om Forplantning og Udvikling gjennem vexlende Generationsrækker...", (the work offered), Steenstrup's comprehensive presentation of the form of reproduction that he called 'alternation of generations', that is, the alternation of asexual and sexual reproduction, or metagenesis. This phenomenon had previously been described by Chamisso, but Steenstrup included a greater number of observations, based on a significantly wider range of subjects, and provided an important chapter on its meaning. Steenstrup's growing reputation, won him an appointment as professor of zoology at the University of Copenhagen, where he taught from 1846 until 1885." (DSB XII, p. 9).

Paris, 1963. 8vo. Issues 209 & 210 of "Les Temps Modernes" in the original printed red and black wrappers. Minor sunning to spines and edges, but otherwise in near mint condition. No 210 slightly bigger than no 209. (No. 209:) pp. 577 + (no. 210): pp. 769-834. [Entire issues: pp. (577) - 768 (+ 8 pp. of advertisements) + pp. (769) - 959 + (1 p, "Note de la Rédaction), (8 pp. of advertisements) + 2 photographic plates in the text. The rarely seen true first printing of Sartre's monumental biographical work, which counts as one of his major achievements and which was immediately hailed as a literary success. In the work, which describes his youth and analyzes his literary development, Sartre distances himself from writing and bids his adieu to literature.The major part of the work was written in 1954 and was rewritten and altered in early 1963, which accounts for the many chronological contradictions, the point of reference being sometimes 1953, sometimes 1963.The second printing of the work is that from Gallimard, 1964, which is usually described as the first edition of the work, but which is in fact merely the first edition in book form. This first printing from 1963 constitutes the work in its entirety, and the 1964-version only differs very slightly from it. On 28th of November 1963 an extract of the work appeared in "L'Express". In November of 1964 (when the work first appeared in book form), he refused the Nobel Prize for Literature awarded for his work, described as "rich in ideas and filled with the spirit of freedom and the quest for truth, has exerted a far-reaching influence on our age."Contat & Rybalka 63/383 a). See also this reference for more on the work and extracts from interviews with Sartre about it (pp. (385)-87).

Copenhagen, Levin & Munksgaard, 1933. + Berlin, Springer 1931. + Lancaster, American Physical Society, 1950. First paper: Published as no. 8 of vol. 12 in 'Kgl. Dankse Vid. Selsk. Math.-Fys. Medd.'. 8vo. Original printed wrappers. With the ownership signature of Danish physicist Mogens Pihl (Prof. of physics at Copenhagen University 1957-77). 65,(1) pp. Second paper: Published in 'Zeitschrift für Physik', vol. 69, pp.56-69. The entire volume in contemporary half cloth offered here.Third paper: Published in 'The Physical Review', vol. 78, no. 6, pp.794-798. The entire issue in original printed wrappers offered here. With rubber stamp of Danish physicist Christian Møller (Author of "The Theory of Relativity, 1952"). First editions of these fundamental papers in the development of quantum field theory. The process of measuring electromagnetic fields involves the observation of charged test bodies in those fields. Therefore the theory of electrodynamics is an inseparable extension of mechanics. A quantum theory of fields thus inherits, in some form, the limitations of measurement which lie at the foundation of quantum mechanics. In 1931 Landau and Peierls published a critical analysis of the consequences of such limitations in a relativistic quantum theory of fields (second paper offered). Landau and Peierls came to the negative conclusion that in several cases, the concept of momentum was without physical meaning and quantities such as the strength of a field was un-measurable. In their famous paper from 1933 Bohr and Rosenfeld (first paper offered) carefully reviewed the arguments of Landau and Peierls and showed, through the use of particular measuring arrangements, that a consistent quantum theory of fields is possible without further limitations than the ones which secure the consistency of quantum mechanics. The BR-paper is often credited with having laid the foundation for quantum electrodynamics. Bohr continued his work in this field, and in 1937 he completed a manuscript entitled "Field and Charge Measurement in Quantum Theory", but this was never published. When, in the late 1940s the important work on QED by Tomonaga, Schwinger, Dyson, and Feynman appeared in The Physical Review, Bohr and Rosenfeld again joined and published the essentials of the 1937 manuscript in the same journal (third paper offered).See Abraham Pais: Bohr's Times, pp.358-364. Mehra & Rechenberg: The Historical Development of Quantum Theory, vol. 6, pp.697-703. Collected Works of Niels Bohr, vol. 7, pp.3-33.

Paris, Florentin Delaulne, 1709. 8vo. Bound in one contemporary full calf binding with four raised bands and richly gilt spine. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Previous owner's name to front free end-paper in contemporary hand. Light wear to extremities, but overall a nice and clean copy. XXI, (3), 454, (2), 563 pp. Rare first edition of Dubos’ history on The War of the League of Cambrai also known as the War of the Holy League, fought from February 1508 to December 1516 as part of the Italian Wars of 1494–1559. The main participants of the war were France, the Papal States, and the Republic of Venice, they were joined at various times by nearly every significant power in Western Europe. “(The present work) was a clear and engaging history of the alliance, including France, assembled by Pope Julius II to wage war against the Venetian Republic between 1508 and 1516. The book was praised by, among others, Voltaire.” (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Jean-Baptiste Du Bos (b. 1670, d. 1742) was a French antiquarian, historian, diplomat, polymath, and aesthetician. He participated in the Quarrel of the Ancients and Moderns, wrote on numismatics, delved into a variety of historical questions, and had an enduring love of the fine arts. Barbier II, 700.

Copenhagen. 1850. 4to. Uncut and unopened. No wrappers. Plates loose. Very nice and clean. Pp. (121) - 188 + four plates. First edition of these absolutely fundamental papers, by the (co-)discoverer of the principle of Conservation of Energy, prove Colding's assumption of "the imperishability of nature" and present for the first time in printing his elaborate experiments on the subject, contributing significantly to the cementation of his version of the principle of Conservation of Energy. Ludvig August Colding (1815 - 1888) was a famous Danish engineer and physicist. He was originally educated as a carpenter but graduated as mechanical engineer in 1841. In 1845 he became water-inspector in Copenhagen and in 1847 he was also given the responsibility of the gas- and waterworks. Together with the famous chemist Julius Thomsen, he proved that the cholera spread throughout Copenhagen through the drinking water (1853) - a most significant discovery. After this he was responsible replacing much of the sewer-system of Copenhagen. In 1857 he became state engineer. During this period he overhauled the desperately inadequate water and sanitation system. He articulated the principle of conservation of energy contemporaneously with, and independently of, James Prescott Joule and Julius Robert von Mayer though his contribution was largely overlooked and neglected.His work on the power of water-stem in the steam engine is considered one of his most significant.The principle of Conservation of Energy was discovered and proven independently and practically simultaneously by Colding, Meyer, Joule, and Helmholtz. As the other three, Colding had discovered the principle in the early 1840'ies, but up until 1843 (where he publishes his first breakthrough article on the subject), Colding's experiments had suggested that no force seems to be disappearing but merely undergoes a transformation, whereupon it becomes effective in other forms. On H.C. Oersted's recommendation (Colding was Oersted's assistent in their experiments with the heating of compressed water), however, Colding carried out a more elaborate version of his experiments, which made him able to verify his assumption that led to his principle of Conservation of Energy with much greater certainty. These new results were reported at the 1847 meeting of Scandinavian Scientists and published in 1850 as the two first papers present here.Mayer's famous "Bemerkungen über das mechanische Aequivalent der Wärme" was published a year after Colding's papers, 1851.

Torino, Bocca, 1887. Large 8vo. Cont. half vellum binding with gilt leather title-label to spine. Old library-mark rather crudely removed from back. Inner front hinge a bit weak. A bit of brownspotting. Library-stamp to title-page. XII, 334, (2) pp. The rare first edition of the work in which Peano introduces the basic elements of geometric calculus and gives new definitions for the length of an arc and for the area of a curved surface.The famous Italian mathematician, logical philosopher, pioneer of symbolic logic, and a founder of mathematical logic and set theory, Giuseppe Peano (1858 -1932), studied mathematics at the University of Turin, where he was employed just after graduating (1880), and where he stayed almost all of his life, devoting his life to mathematics. After having graduated with honours, he was employed to assist first Enrico D'Ovidio, and then the renowned Angelo Genocchi, who possessed the chair of Infinitesimal calculus. In 1890 Peano became extraordinary professor, and in 1895 ordinary professor, of infinitesimal calculus at the Unversity of Turin. His important work "Geometrical Applications of Infinitesimal Calculus" is based on Peano's lectures on infinitesimal calculus and its application to geometry from 1885. In the important work he introduced his geometrical calculus and presented several new geometrical discoveries."The treatise "Applicazioni geometriche del calcolo infinitesimal" (1887) was based on a course Peano began teaching at the University of Turin in 1885 and contains the beginnings of his "geometrical calculus" (here still influenced by Bellavitis' method of equipolences), new forms of remainders in quadrature formulas, new definitions of length of an arc of a curve and of area of a surface, the notion of a figure tangent to a curve, a determination of the error term in Simpson's formula, and the notion of the limit of a variable figure. There is also a discussion of the measure of a point set, of additive functions of sets, and of integration applied to sets. Peano here generalized the notion of measure that he had introduced in 1883." (D.S.B. X:443).

Odense, Trykt paa forfatterens Forlag i S. Hempels Officin, 1837. 8vo. In contemporary half calf with gilt lettering and blindstamped ornamentation to spine. Light wear to extremities, corners bumped. Paper label pasted on to pasted down front front end-paper "Skjænket fra Kongens Haandbibliotek" (i.e. English: "Donated from the Kings private library"). Stamp, "FGP", (i.e. Fredericia Garnisions Bibliotek). to title-page. Title-page slightly browned but overwise a nice and clean copy. (6), XV, (1), 468, (1) pp. The rare first edition – here with a most interesting Royal provenance - of Cohen’s seminal work, being the first comprehensive work on the history of Jews in Denmark.The book examines the impact of legal enactments on their emancipation, tracing their status from being permitted to settle in Denmark in 1684 to gaining full Danish citizenship in 1814. From the stamp on the title-page we know this copy has been part of Fredericia's Garrison Library. Prince Frederik, Later King Frederik VII was banished by his farther-in-law, King Frederik VI to Fredericia because of his scandalous behaviour towards his wife, princess Vilhemine, the youngest daughter of the King. The Prince must have kept the book, which later with his return to Copenhagen, went into the Royal Private Library (Kongens Haandbibliotek). Asser Daniel Cohen (1794–1863), a Jewish theologian and author, became a royal catechist for Jews in Funen and Lolland-Falster. He documented Jewish history in Denmark and wrote on the First Schleswig War. In 1855, he was appointed catechist in Schleswig, living in Frederiksstad until his death.