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London, Smith, Elder & Co., 1913. Royal8vo. 2 orig. full cloth. Gilt lettering. Untrimmed. Stamp on title-page. XXVI,633;XIV,534 pp. 2 frontispieces in photogravure, 6 plates in photogravure, 18 colourplates, 260 photographic illustrations on plates, folded maps and panoramas. Fine and clean.

Gotha, Justus Perthes, 1866. Folio. (38x24,5 cm.). Orig. full cloth, blindstamped and with title on front board in gilt lettering. Spine ends worn and a tear to upper part of first hinge. The printed title pasted on inside of front cover from the publisher. (2) pp. and 31 steel-engraved double-page coloured maps. The first, Planeten-System lightly brownspotted, otherwise fine with a few marginal brownspots to margins. With maps of all the Continents, Europe, The Hemispheres etc.

Franckfurt am Mayn, Wust, 1701. 8vo. In contemporary full vellum with yapp edges. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Stains to extremities. Internally nice and clean. (10), 970, (44) pp. + 1 portrait and 1 frontispiece. Double-page title-page in red and black included in the pagination. Later edition of this collection of 47 theological and didactic treatises intended for both clergy and laypeople.

Lpz.,1737. Later boards in old style. (12), 34, 1232, (108) pp.

Göttingen, Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1851. Small folio. Contemp. hcalf. Spine somewhat worn. A tear to top of spine. IV,118 pp., 14 engraved plates with many figs. 83 of the plates handcoloured, among these 2 fine plates with many costumes). Scattered brownspots to textleaves. First edition.

Leipzig, Fues's Verlag, 1876. 8vo. A bit later black cloth binding with green gilt leather title-label to front board. Title-page on a stuband with a bit of soiling. XIII, (1), 82 pp. The very scarce first printing of Avenarius' Habilitationsschrift, his first publication, a work that greatly influenced contemporary philosophy, both in Europe and beyond, and was read by the greatest philosophers of the era, e.g. Nietzsche.The German philosopher Richard Avenarius (1843-1896) is most famous for his formulation of the radical positivist doctrine of "empirical criticism" or "empirio-criticism". He was not only read and studied in France and Germany but also greatly influenced Russian philosophy; he and was severely criticized by Lenin in his Materialism and Empirio-criticism (1909). In his first publication "Philosophie als Denken der Welt gemäss dem Princip des kleinsten Kraftmasses", Avenarius states: "Doubt of the correctness of my way heretofore pursued was induced through the barrenness of theoretical idealism in the field of psychology; and yet cognition and experience should belong to this science as psychological ideas." In general he here argues that it is the task of philosophy to develop a natural concept of the world based on "pure experience" and the principle of "economic thought". "Nietzsche received Philosophie als Denken der Welt gemäss dem Princip des kleinsten Kraftmasses in 1876, "and we know that he read it for the first or second time in the winter of 1883-84. Nietzsche then excerpted and discussed this reading in several longer notes, and shortly thereafter he wrote to Overbeck on April 7, 1884, stating that he needed to revise his views on epistemology and metaphysics. It is thus possible that this reading was of great importance for his thinking at the time. [...] section 14 and 15 of Beyond Good and Evil, with their critique of positivism and physiologist who emphasized the "smallest possible effort", were written in response to Nietzsche´s reading of Avenarius." (Brobjer Thomas H., Nietzsche's Philosophical Context, University of Illinois Press 2008, 93 pp.)

Berlin, Posen, Bromberg, Siegfried Mittler, 1837. 8vo. and 4to-oblong. Textvol. uncut in orig. printed wrappers., Plate-vol. in contemp. clothbacked boards. Stamps on titlepage. X,(1),267 pp. and 19 maps and plans with positions handcoloured. Textvol. with first and last leaves brownspotted, scattered brownspots throughout. Platevol. with 15 pp. "Erklärung der Schlachtplänen".

Wien, Carl Gerold, 1817-23. 3 contemp. hcalf. Gilt spines. Titlelabels with gilt lettering. A paperlabel pasted on spines. Stamp on first title-page. XX,(16),299,(100);XII,468;XII,(8),668 pp., 4 folded tables, 1 large folded lithographed map. Clean and fine.

Weimar, Landes=Industrie=Comptoirs, 1805. Unbound, but stitched. VIII,203;VIII,230 pp. Light browning to leaves and a few brownspots. First German edition of "Lotgevallen op eene Reise van Madras over Tranquebar naar het Eiland Ceilon. Haarlem, 1806.". (Bibliothek der neuesten und wichtigsten Reisebeschreibungen...hrsg. von M.C. Sprengel, fortgesetzt von T.F. Ehrmann, 39. Bd.: 2.-3. Theil).

Amsterdam, Covens et Mortier, c. 1710-33. 49x60,5 cm. Kobberstukket Danmarkskort med Skåne, Halland og Blekinge. På svært papir og med original fuld håndkolorering. Frisk eksemplar. de fleste kort fra Delisles hånd er udaterede, men kortet stammer fra et af kortværkerne udgivet mellem 1710 og 1733.

(København), 1831-42. Lille 4to på tværs. Nyere hshirtbd. med den gl. læderryg delvist bevaret. Stempel på titelblade. 6 litograferede titelblade. 30,8,22,11,8,9 pp., 24 litograferede kort, planer m.v., nogle med kolorering (4,3,4,7,5,1)

Hannover, Carl Rümpler, 1853. Bound in 2 contemp. hcalf. Gilt spines and with gilt lettering. Spines slightly rubbed. XIII,335,(1);VII,294 pp., 4 tinted lithographed plates. First German edition. It is a narrative of a six- year voyage from England via Cap Horn to South and Central America, Pacific Islands, Bering Strait region, and return via Cape of Good Hope. (Arctic Bibliography, 15680).

Copenhagen, Joachim Schmedtgen, 1699. Contemporary full calf. Richly gilt spine. Small crack to upper part of fronthinge (cover not loose). All edges gilt. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. (24),164,112,142,110,84,(4) pp. Internally fine. First German edition and the first translation at all of "Christian den Femtes Danske Lov" 1683.

(Paris), Gallimard, (1964). 8vo. Orig. printed wrappers, uncut, on very thick paper. Near mint. 253, (3) pp. First edition of Sartre's fifth "Situation", no. 3 of 36 copies on "velin de Holland van Gelder.""Il a été tiré de l'édition originale de cet ouvrage trente-six exemplaires sur vélin de Hollande van Gelder numérotés de 1 à 36 at cent vingt exemplaires sur vélin pur fil Lafuma-Navarre numérotés de 37 à 156." (Verso of title-page). Contat & Rybalka 64/395.Sartre's "Situations" contain many of Sartre's most important articles and essays, and it is within these that Sartre foremost shows his philosophical and political face. "The several volumes of Jean-Paul Sartre's Situations, published from 1947 on, constitute the most weighty and, in the two first volumes in particular, the most original body of essay writing of the middle of the 20th century." (Encyclop. Britannica). In all 10 "Situations" appeared.

Oxford, Talboys, 1840-41. 8vo. 4 beautiful full vellum bindings with richly gilt spines, gilt title- and tome-labels and gilt allegorical centre-peices to front boards. Marbled edges. A very nice and clean set. Front hinge of vol. 1 cracked, but binding still tight. A lovely copy. With a contemporary gift-inscription to front free end-paper of vol. 1. VIII, 616; (4), 548; (4), 484; (4), 521, (1), (160, - Index) pp. First edition thus of this learned and esteemed edition of Livius' History of Rome.Travers Twiss' carefully revised text is still considered one of the most important versions and the many notes and commentaries in the present edition are considered excellent and valuable.

Göteborg, 1942. Lex8vo. Uncut in the orig. wrappers. Minor soiling to wrappers and inner hinges, otherwise a clean copy. 139, (1) pp. Rare first edition of Cassirer's important work on "The Logic of Cultural Science", in which he tries to re-establish the earlier use of the term "culture" in the more narrow sense of the word in order to oppose it to "nature" and protect it against the methodology of natural science that had ruined the conception of the term since the middle/late 19th century and onwards. In the beginning of the second study of this work (p. 39), Cassirer states that the crisis in which philosophy and science has been found to be since the death of Hegel and Goethe is most evident in the relationship between natural science and cultural science that was prevailing hereafter. Cassirer now differentiates between the cosmos of nature and the cosmos of culture, and he claims that the philosophy that applies to both is no cultural philosophy, but a sort of reflection within the philosophy of science that was to maintain the separate concepts of nature and culture, of natural science and cultural science."(N)äher als die Ordnung der Natur steht dem Menschen die Ordnung, die er in seiner eigenen Welt findet. Auch hier hersscht keineswegs blosse Willkür." says Cassirer on the first two pages of the book (pp. 3-4), and from here he goes on to talk about the relationship between nature and culture, which leads on to the question about man (and the "I") and his role in the world, -i.e. the natural and the cultural world; he brings the objective and the subjective together in his notion of art by saying that "Es gehört zu den grössten Leistungen der Kunst, dass sie hierzu fähig ist, dass sie noch in Individuellen das Objektive erfühlen und erkennen lässt, während sie andererseits alle ihre objektiven Gestaltungen konkret und individuell vor uns hinstellt und sie damit mit dem stärksten und intensivsten Leben erfüllt." (p. 38). He thus talks about the function of expression ("Ausdrucksfunktion"), which is the only function of signal that "Mythos" possesses, and he claims that a radical separation of objective and subjective is impossible within the Mythos, which is not only psychological and sociological, but also symbological ("Symboltheoretisch"). On the principles of pure symbolic principles Cassirer wishes to make it possible to interpret and characterize certain mythological phenomena without having to trace them back to a concrete or pre-historical content. The mythological power and the experience of the holy is something different from the actual categories of thought and are as such essential to man and "I".With the ownership signature of Samuel Skulsky, the famous Jewish philosopher of science and logic, on title-page.Enst Cassirer was born in Breslau in Poland in 1874. He studied philosophy of law, germanistics, philosophy, science of history, and history of art at the University of Berlin, where he became Privatdozent in 1906. In 1919 he became Professor of Philosophy at the newly grounded University of Hamburg, but being a Jew he had to leave the country in the beginning of the thirties. After having been visiting professor in Oxford for a couple of years, he became visiting professor at the University of Götheborg in Sweden, where he four years later became a Swedish citizen. The following year (1940) he became Professor in Götheborg. He died in 1945.The present work is published in Götheborg while he was visiting professor at Yale University.

Wien, Springer=Verlag, 1954. 8vo. Orig. grey cloth w. blue lettering, capitals a bit bumped; orig. white and black dust-jacket w. some soiling, and a bit of loss to upper capital. X, 209, (1), (2, -advertisements) pp. Second issue of Carnap's important Introduction to Symbolic Logic with Applications, which constitutes a highly important introduction to this foundational science of the 20th century, Max Black's copy with his signature to front free end-paper."Die symbolische Logik ist eine Grundlagenswissenschaft ersten Ranges geworden, deren Bedeutung heute vor allem in angelsächsischen Ländern eingeschätzt wird. Nach den Worten des Verfassers, der, aus dem "Wiener Kreis" kommend, selbst massgeblich an der Gestaltung dieser Wissenschaft mitgewirkt hat, ist die Symbolik eine unter genauen Regeln stehende Sprach, durch deren Verwendung die Formen des eigenen Denkens verschärft werden können..." (Front flap).The British-American Max Black (1909-1988) was one of the leading analytic philosophers of the first half of the 20th century. He has contributed with important works within the fields of philosophy of language, mathematics and science as well as studies on and translations of Frege. He studied mathematics at Queens' College, Cambridge, where he met Russell, Wittgenstein, G. E. Moore, and Ramsey and developed a profound interest in the philosophy of mathematics.Rudolf Carnap (born 1891 in Ronsdorf, Germany, died 1970 in Santa Monica, California) was an immensely influential analytic philosopher, who has contributed decisively to the fields of logic, epistemology, semantics, philosophy of science, and philosophy of language. He was one of the leading figures of the Vienna Circle, and a prominent logical positivist. He studied philosophy, physics and mathematics at the universities of Berlin and Freiburg, and worked at the universities of Jena, Vienna and Prague until 1935, when he, due to the war, emigrated to the U.S., where he became an American citizen in 1941. In America he became professor of the University of Chicago. In Jena he was appointed Professor of Mathematics, though his main interest at that time was in physics.After the publication of his first work, Carnap's involvement with the Vienna Circle began to develop. He met Reichenbach in 1923 and was introduced to Moritz Schlick in Vienna, where he then moved to become assistant professor at the university. He soon became one of the leading members of the Vienna Circle, and in 1929 he, Neurath, and Hahn wrote the manifest of the Circle.This copy of Carnap's important introduction to this field so important for the analytic philosophers, unites two of the giants of the period. In his autobiography, Carnap writes "I also had interesting discussions with some of the younger philosophers, among them Alfred Ayer, who had been in Vienna for some time when I was already in Prague, R.B. Braithwaite, and Max Black; they were interested in recent ideas of the Vienna Circle, such as physicalism and logical syntax." (In Schilpp, "The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap", 1963, p.34).

Bonn,E.Strauss, 1899. Folio. Orig.pict.cloth,gilt. Fresh copy. 55 pp. and 20 etchings by Bernhard Mannfeld.

Cambridge, University Press, 1964-80. 4to. 5 orig. full cloth., gilt spines, all with dustjackets. XXXII,464;XXVI,455;XIX,370;XXIX,505;XXXVI,452 pp. and folded maps at end of each volume.

(Paris, Mallet-Bachelier), 1857. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 45, No 19. Pp. (705-) 783. (Entire issue offered). Buys-Ballot's paper: pp. 765-768. Clean and fine. First appearance of this pioneering paper in meteorology in which Buys-Ballot noted that on his synoptic charts of the Netherlands the wind blew at right angles to the pressure gradient, and he later stated this fact in the form of a law: "When you place yourself in the direction of the wind,.... you will have at your left the least atmospheric pressure". The direction of the winds are such as to balance the pressure gradient and the Cariolis forces.The application of the principles of Buys Ballot's Law had an importent impact on navigation and shipping as it helped to establish the probability of the existence of a storm and the best course to steer to try avoid the worst of it - with the best chance of survival.The issue contains also a famous paper in chemistry byJEAN BAPTISTE DUMAS: "Mémoire sur les équivalents des corps simples;", pp. 709-731.Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1857 M.

A Mons, Chez Gaspard Migeot, 1665. 12mo. (14x8 cm.). Bound by Simier in a typical Simier-binding, full brown calf, gilt spine, gilt borders on covers. (Signed in small gilt letters on spine "Simier. R. du Roi"). Hinges slightly weakening. All edges gilt. Title-page in red/black. (16),528,(2) pp. Internally fine and clean. First edition. This print is considered an Elzevier-print. On front free endpaper a printed label from the library of Meron=Allen gives references to Willems, 1353, Suppl., 358, Berghman, 319 and Rahir, 1404."The abbey (Cistercian nuns) was established in 1204, but became famous when its discipline was reformed in 1609 by its abbess, Mother Marie Angelique Arnauld (1591-1661). The Arnauld family became its patrons and the abbey's subsequent history was directed by a number of the members of that family. In 1625 most of the nuns moved to a new Port-Royal in Paris, which subsequently became Port-Royal de Paris (or, more commonly, Port-Royal) while the older one was known as Port-Royal des Champs ("Port-Royal of the fields"). (Wikipedia).

Prviately printed for subscribers, (1912). Platesize: 16,8 x 16 cm with wide margins. Bayros published these using the name "Choisy le Conin"

Paris, Calignani, 1851. Contemp. hcalf. raised bands. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. (4),124 pp., 1 folded lithographed map. Internally clean and fine. Printed in 2 columns. Scarce first Paris-edition in thesame year as the London-edition.

(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1811). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" Year 1811-Part II. With titlepage to vol. II. 269-336 and 2 engraved plates showing the shapes of 42 nebulae and star-clusters. Some brownspots to margins of the plates, otherwise clean and wide-margined. First appearance of a milestone papers in cosmology in which Herschel demonstrates the irregular distribution of the stars in space, and "for the first time recognized that the clusters in and near the Milky Way really belonged to it, and were not independent systems that happened to lie in the same direction as seen by us."(Berry, Short History of Astronomy, p. 340)."In 1811 and 1814 he published a complete theory of a possible process wherby the shining fluid consisting a diffused nebula might gradually condense - the denser portions of it being centres of attraction - first into a denser nebula or compressed star cluster, then into one or more nebulous stars, lastly into a single star or group of stars. Every supposed stage in this process was abundantly illustrated from records of actual nebulae and clusters which he had observed."(Berry).