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Leipzig und Altenburg, Brockhaus, 1816-19. Bound in 4 uniform contemp. hcalf. Gilt spines. Titlelabels with gilt lettering. A paperlabel pasted on spines. Stamp on title-pages. 4 engraved frontispieces (2 bound at end of respective vol.), 9 engraved plates (with many portraits), 12 engraved uniform-plates, handcoloured, 3 folded engraved maps, outline coloured. Occassionally faint scattered brownspots. In all ca. 2300 pp.

Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1914. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Author's presentation offprint with the printed presentation statement on top of frontwrapper "Überreicht vom Verfasser" [i.e. "Given by the author"]. Offprint of Smoluchowski's chapter in "Handbuch der Elektrizität und des Magnetismus". Very fine and clean. Pp. 366-428. Scarce offprint with the author's printed presentation statement of Smoluchowski's important contribution to the "Handbuch der Elektrizität und des Magnetismus" in which he developed his theory of electroosmotic flow."From 1899 Smoluchowski worked at the University of Lvov. Appointed professor in 1900, he held the chair of mathematical physics there until 1913. His first works at Lvov concerned atmospheric physics, aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, electrophoresis, and the theory of mountain folding. Recognition for these specialized works was show by his being asked to write the chapter on endosmosis phenomena in Handbuch der Elektrizitätund des Magnetismus, edited by J. A. Barth (Leipzig, 1914)." (DSB).

Dresden, Georg Conrad Walther, 1768. 4to. Uncut in cont. boards. Back, edges and covers rubbed. Engraved titlevignette and engraved vignette on dedication-leaf (to Prince Xavier de Pologne et de Saxe). XVIII,252 pp. and 20 folded double-page engraved plates, 1 table. Large uncut copy. Light browning and some brownspots at end. Small rubberstamp on titlepage and on verso of title. First edition.

(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1756). 4to. No wrappers as issued in "Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles Lettres". tome X, pp. 173-199; pp. 200-226. First printing of two Euler-papers in which he occupies himself with an unsolvable geometric problem and the physics of the different refrangibilities of light rays, a field Euler made important and original contributions to. Euler's wave theory of light, published in 1746, was based on an analogy between sound and light to a more and more mathematical elaboration on that notion. His wave theory degenerated, and it was not until Fresnel introduced transverse waves and an elaborate notion of interference that the wave theory again progressed. He was the second after Christian Huygens to proposed a wave theory of light, and thereby one of the earliest to argue against Newton's particle theory of light. His 1740s papers on optics helped ensure that the wave theory of light proposed by Christian Huygens would become the dominant mode of thought until the development of the quantum theory of light.See Eneström E220, E221.

Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1974. 8vo. In publisher's original full cloth with gilt lettering to spine in the original (price-clipped) dust-jacket. Vague stamp ("$5.45") to half title. A very fine and clean copy. (10), 105, (1) pp. First edition of perhaps the most controversial and debated treatise on taxation in the 20th century: The Tobin-Tax, a tax on all spot conversions of one currency into another designed to reduce speculation in the international currency markets, which he saw as dangerous and unproductive.In August 2009 in a roundtable interview in Prospect magazine, Adair Turner supported the idea of new global taxes on financial transactions, warning that the "swollen" financial sector paying excessive salaries had grown too big for society. Lord Turner's suggestion that a "Tobin tax" - named after James Tobin - should be considered for financial transactions made headlines around the world.In 1981 was awarded to James Tobin "for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices".In honor of Eliot Janeway's contributions as an economic historian, Princeton University endowed the Eliot Janeway lectures on historical economics. The present lecture was given in 1972 but was not published until 1974.

(No place), The Association for Symbolic Logic, Inc., 1956 + 1957. 8vo. Bound with the original wrappers in contemporary full cloth with black title label in leather with gilt lettering to spine. In "Journal of Symbolic Logic", Volume 21, Number 3, 1956 + Volume 22, Number 3, 1957. Small tear to lower right corner of back wrapper of volume 21 and front wrapper of volume 22. Small repair on back wrapper of volume 22. Otherwise a very fine and clean set. Pp. 225-248; Pp. 245-249 [entire issue: Pp. 225-336; Pp. 225-336]. First printing of these two important, but for long overlooked, articles, which together constitute Hintikka's attempt to cope with Wittgenstein's elimination of identity as proposed in the "Tractatus". With the translation rules that Hintikka here put forward, he is the first to try to carry out Wittgenstein's suggestions systematically. The Finnish born philosopher and logician, Jaakko Hintikka (born 1929), Professor of Philosophy at the University of Boston, is generally accepted as the founder of formal epistemic logic and of game semantics for logic. He has contributed seminally to the fields of philosophical and mathematical logic, philosophy of mathematics and science, language theory and epistemology. Independently of Evert Willem Beth he discovered the semantic tableau, and he is famous for his work on game semantics and logical quantifiers. In 2005 Hintakka was awarded the Schock Prize in logic and philosophy, the philosophical equivalent to the Nobel prize, "for his pioneering contributions to the logical analysis of modal concepts, in particular the concepts of knowledge and belief ". In the 1950'ies Hintikka took it upon himself to follow Wittgentein's suggestion of elimination of identity suggested in the "tractatus", and in the two offered articles, he succeeds in constructing a logic without identity. The main point of the two connected articles is to show that variables can be used in two ways. One way does not exclude coincidences of the values of different variables (inclusive interpretation of variables), the other does (exclusive interpretation of variables) and can be either weakly or strongly exclusive. He now claims that in the "Tractatus" Wittgenstein adopts the weakly exclusive interpretation of variable and then proves that the weakly exclusive quantifiers are able to express everything that the inclusive quantifiers plus identity can express, and without a sign for identity, - for the first time systematically supporting Wittgenstein's claim that identity is not an essential constituent of logical notation. "There are a number of references to the exclusive interpretations of variables in current logical literature. An exclusive reading of variables was, in effect, suggested by Ludwig Wittgenstein in "Tractatus logico-philosophicus. As far as I know, however, no one has previously tried to carry out his suggestions systematically. Several misconceptions seem to be current concerning the outcome of an attempts of this kind. Carnap expects radical changes in the rules of substitution. If I am not mistaken, however, at least one form of the exclusive interpretation may be formalized by making but slight alterations in the axioms and/or in the transformation rules of the predicate calculus. Also I hope to say that it is not correct to say (as Russell has done) that Wittgenstein tried to dispense with the notion of identity. What a systematic use of an exclusive reading of variables amounts to is a new way of coping with the notion of identity in a formalized system of logic. Under the most natural formalization of the new interpretations, the resulting system is equivalent to the old predicate calculus (with identity): every formula of the latter admits of a translation into the former, and vice versa." (Vol. 21, Nr. 3, p. 228)."A deviation from standard English. Recent discussion serves to bring out, amply and convincingly, the utility of observing the ordinary correct use of words and phrases for the purpose of clearing up philosophical problems. In this paper, I shall endeavour to show, by means of an example, that the reverse method may have its interest, too. " (Vol. 21, Nr. 3, p. 225). "This note is a sequel to the previous paper of mine which was entitled "Identity, variables, and impredicative definitions" and published in this JOURNAL, vol. 21 (1956, pp. 225-245. That early paper served to call attention to the dependency of the set-theoretic paradoxes on the interpretation of the variables that may occur in the critical "abstraction principle". (Vol. 22, Nr. 3, p. 245).Besides these two articles, the two issues also include other important articles within logic, e.g. Quine, "Unification of Universes in Set Theory" and Symonds and Chisholm "Inference by Complementary Elimination".

Kjøbenhavn, 1846. Samt. hldrbd. m. rig tidstypisk rygforgyldn. False slidte og indre false lidt svage. Hjørner slidte. Brunet og med understregninger, primært i blyant. Originaludgave. Himmelstrup 90.

Lancaster and New York, American Institute of Physics, 1958. Lex8vo. Volume 109, March 1, No. 5, 1958 of "The Physical Review", Second Series. In the original printed blue wrappers. Slight traces of wear to spine. Previous owner's stamp to front wrapper (C. Møller). Internally fine and clean. Pp. 1492-1505. [Entire issue: Pp. 1407-1862]. First edition of Anderson's seminal paper, in which he laid the foundation for a quantum-mechanical theory of transport in systems with a certain generic type of disorder involving onsite energy randomness. This is also known as the Anderson localization. On the basis of the discovery presented in the present article which led to investigations into the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems, Anderson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1977. The discovery has allowed for the development of electronic switching and memory devices in computers."Disorder-induced electron localization, i.e. Anderson localization, was first predicted by Andersonin 1958 [in the present paper]. In his pioneering paper, the continuity or discontinuity of the energy spectrum of electrons on a diagonally disordered system is related to their localization property." (Nakayama, Fractal concepts in condensed matter physics, 2003, p. 117)"Anderson's model ushered in a new quantum mechanical view of metal-insulator transitions. And in the early 1960s, Nevill Mott introduced the notion of a mobility edge that separates extended and localized states. The idea of a mobility edge would develop into one of the most studied concepts of condensed-matter physics. For their work on disordered systems, Anderson, his thesis adviser John van Vleck, and Mott shared the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physics.Ironically, Anderson's 1958 paper hardly got noticed at first; it was cited just 30 times in the first 10 years. Today, it's been cited over 4000 times, though too often as an "unrecognizable monster" as described by its creator in 1983. Indeed, theoreticians have found a variety of ways to look at localization - from scale-dependent diffusion and fractal wavefunctions to quantum chaos, dense-point spectra, and kicked rotors." (Fifty years of Anderson localization Physics Today, August 2009).

Stuttgart, Neske, 1961. 8vo. 2 orig. black full cloth w. orig. orange dust-jackets, white and black lettering to spines and front. A very good set w. only minor bumping to upper capital of vol. 1, otherwise near min, in- as well as externally. 661, (3); 492, (2) pp. The first edition of Heidegger's famous Nietzsche-book, in which he equals Nietzsche's notion of the super-human with the realization of modern technical humanity.Like his lectures on Nietzsche in the 1930'ies and '40'ies, the work also focuses on Nietzsche's posthumously published fragments "Die Wille zur Macht" ("The Will to Power"). According to Heidegger, these fragments form the culmination of Western Metaphysics, -though Metaphysics when turned upside-down, but far from abolished."Nietzsche denkt das, was die metaphysische Tradition das Sein des Seienden nennt, als den ewig wiederkehrenden Willen zur Macht. Durch den Gedanken-Gang zum Willen zur macht zieht Nietzshe eine "Spur" in die "Geschichte des Seins" und d.h. "in die noch unbegangenen Bezirke künftiger Entscheidungen" (I, 475)." (Pöggeler, Der Denkweg Martin Heideggers).With the word "Sein" ("Being"), Heidegger seems to have coined the "essence" of European thought. Metaphysically "Sein" is put into words as the "Wahrheit des Seienden" ("The Truth of Being") in European thought. According to Heidegger, also Nietzsche's philosophy of thought is Metaphysics, but not Metaphysics as a particular philosophical discipline, rather Metaphysics as the "Wahrheit über das Seiende" (the truth about that, which is). Thus viewed, Nietzsche's philosophy becomes the Metaphysics of our times.

Paris, J. J. Fuchs, an V. (1797). 8vo. In contemporary marbled paper covered boards with small paper label pasted on to top of spine. Scratch to back board otherwise a nice and clean copy. (2), 164 pp. First edition of this rather unusual treatise on spiders in which Quatremère-Disjonval explores the relationship between spiders and weather conditions; he used spiders as an indicator for atmospheric variations. Quatremère-Disjonval (1754-1830) was banished by Napoleon after the bankruptcy of his cotton spinning mill. Exiled to the Netherlands, he was imprisoned in Utrecht for his peculiar ideas and research. During his imprisonment, he studied the behavior of spiders. It was through atmospheric predictions derived from the behavior of spiders that Quatremère-Disjonval warned Jean-Charles Pichegru, French general, in the winter of 1795 of an impending severe frost, which trapped the Dutch fleet in the ice of the Zuiderzee and thus allowed the French armies to invade the Netherlands without resistance. This prediction earned him his release.

Kiøbenhaffn, 1614. 4to. I samtidigt helpergament. Titelblad trykt i rødt og sort. Med træskåret portræt af Luther på titelbladet. Lille stempel på bagerste blad. Bind med en smule slitage, men ellers pænt eksemplar. Originaludgaven. Koldings kirkehistorie er en dansk bearbejdelse af Johannes Sleidanus 'De statu religionis et reipublica', Strassburg 1555. Poul Jensen Kolding var præst i Vindinge på Sjælland. Bogen er en levende og 1600-tals mundret dansk bearbejdelse af Johannes Sleidans latinske beretning om Reformationen.Bibl. Dan. I,146. Thesaurus 523.

Leipzig und Liegnitz, David Siegeritschen Buchh., 1769. Contemp. full calf.Raised bands, gilt spine. Remains of a paperlabel on spine. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Stamp on titlepage. XXXII,498,(12) pp. and 29 folded engraved plates. Occasional light browning and some scattered brownspots.

(Wisconsin), The Association for Symbolic Logic, 1937. Lex8vo. Original printed wrappers, no backstrip. In "The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 3, 1938." Entire issue offered. Internally very fine and clean. [Quine:] Pp. 37-40; Pp. 125-39. [Entire issue: IV, 212 pp.]. First printing of these papers which include Kleene's milestone paper in which Kleene's O (Ordial numbers), a recursive function, is introduced. In set theory and computability theory, Kleene's is a canonical subset of the natural numbers when regarded as ordinal notations."In the seventeenth century, Leibniz envisaged a universal language that would allow one to reduce mathematical proofs to simple computations. Then, during the nineteenth century, llgicians such as Charles Babbage, Boole, Frege and Peano tried to formalize mathematical reasoning by an "algebraization" of logic. Finally, [...] Gödel, Church and Stephen Kleene introduced the notion of recursive functions. (The Princeston Companion to Mathematics. P. 111).

(No place, nor year, but presumably Paris around 1770). Folio. (42,5 x 26 cm.). Sheets loosely inlaid, sewn 4 by 4 leaves, in portfolio with ties. Title-page and 48 pp. Written in a fine, large legible hand, but unidentified, in brown ink. On good thick paper, clean and fine. Fine manuscript on iron and steel production and their use in regard to military equipment.

Paris, Helie Josset, 1677. Small8vo. Contemp. full mottled calf., raised bands, richly gilt spine. All edges gilt. Wear to top of spine. Corners bumped. A bit rubbed. 2 smaller inkspots to first titlepage. (20),220;257,(5) pp.Wood-engr. vignette on both titlepages. A few brownspots. First edition.

Wien, C. Schauenburg et Comp., 1819. 4to. Cont. hcalf. Gilt back. Red gilt titlelabel in leather. Top of spine a little worn. Otherwise fine. Titlepage with large engraved illustration (Pseudo-Helminthen). XII,284 pp. + (4) pp. of "Erklärung zu Tafeln", 4 engraved and coloured plates (colourprinted - handcoloured ??). First edition of the first scientific monograph on human intestinal parasitic worms. - Nissen ZBI: 570. - Wellcome II:233.

Franckfurt a. M., Verlegung ds Authoris, Johan Görlin, 1691. Contemp. full vellum. Stamp on title-page. (10),388;(6),301 pp., 12 folded engraved plates., 1 plate repaired in right margin, no loss, but browning to lower corner. Internally clean. Klaus Jordan, 4078.

France (Paris ?), Undated, around 1772. Folio. (42,5 x 28 cm.). Loose inlaid, sewn 4 by 4 leaves, in portfolio with ties. Title-page and 53 pp. Written in a fine, large legible hand, but unidentified, in brown ink. On good thick paper, clean and fine. Fine manuscript containing a collection of Royal Orders concerning the Artillery Service.

Leipzig, J.A. Barth, 1911. 8vo. In Contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In "Annalen der Physik. Vierte Folge. Band 34. Hrsg. von W.Wien und Max Planck.". The whole volume offered. A tear to lower part of spine and small stamp to title page, otherwise fine. Einstein papers: pp. 165-169; pp. 170-174; pp.; 175-176; p. 590; pp. 591-592. [Entire volume: VIII,1032 pp. + 6 plates.]. First edition of all 5 papers. In "Relation between elastic behaviour and specific heat of solid bodies with monatomic molecules" Einstein comments Sutherlands importent paper in Philosophical Magazine from 1910. Sutherland made the importent remark that the infrared eigenfrequencies of solid bodies have their origin possibly in the elastic vibrations of these bodies. Einstein, impressed by this remark, adds that electrically charged ions are the sources of optical vibrations, whreas elastic vibrations are caused by the mutual motion of the entire molecule. Hence he prefers to test the hypothesis of Sutherland by solid bodies which are composed of monatomic molecules..."(Lanczos). - Weil Nos 38, 39 (this with an asterix, denoting major work),40 (1-2) and 41.

(Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926). 8vo. Without wrappers. Extracted from "Mathematische Annalen. Begründet 1868 durch Alfred Clebsch und Carl Neumann. 95. Band". Pp. 735-788. First publication of Hermann's seminal paper (her doctoral thesis) which founded computer algebra. It first established the existence of algorithms - including complexity bounds - for many of the basic problems of abstract algebra, such as ideal membership for polynomial rings. Hermann's algorithm for primary decomposition is still in use today. The paper anticipates the birth of computer algebra by 39 years."[The paper] is an intriguing example of ideas before their time. While computational aspects of mathematics were more fashionable before the abstractions of the twentieth century took hold, mathematicians of that time certainly knew nothing of computers nor of today's idea of what an algorithm is. The significance of the paper can be found on the first page, where we find (in translation):The claim that a computation can be found in finitely many steps will mean here that an upper bound for the number of necessary operations for the computation can be specified. Thus it is not enough, for example, to suggest a procedure, for which it can be proved theoretically that it can be executed in finitely many operations, if no upper bound for the number of operations is known. The fact that the author requires an upper bound suggests that there must exist an actual procedure or algorithm for doing computations. We see in this paper the first examples of procedures (with upper bounds given) for a variety of computations in multivariate polynomial ideals. Thus we have here a paper anticipating by 39 years the birth of computer algebra". (ACM SIGSAM Bulletin, Volume 32. 1998).Not in Hook & Norman.

Kjøbenhavn, C.A. Reitzel, 1840, 1840, 1845 og Paa Forfatterens Forlag, 1834. Et samtidigt hldrbd. med rygforgyldning. Ryg med brugsspor. Med alle smudstitelblade og dedikationsblade. Maurerpigen med nogle svage skjolder. De andre 3 usædvanlig rene og trykt på velin-agtigt papir. Lille stempel på bagsiden af titelblade "CAR", således antageligt fra udgiveren C.A. Reitzels arkiv. Her fire originaludgaver (dog en i 2. oplag). - BFN: 313, 375, 465 og 250.

Franckfurth und Leipzig, Hieronymus Friedrich Hoffmann, 1687. Contemp. hcalf. Bands blindtooled. Spine slightly rubbed. Stamp on printed title-page. Engraved folded title-page "Ars Militiae pedestris" made by Gérard de Lairesse "the Dutch Poussin". Title-page in red/black. 136 pp. nearly all leaves illustrated with positions marked by letters in different arrangements. 2 double-page tables. The first 16 leaves with a wormtract in right margins, repaired. light toning, but clean. Second edition. - Rumpf, 3514.

(Paris), no publ., 1785. Contemp. hcalf. Richly gilt spine. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Stamp on halftitle. (2),384,XVIII,(1) pp., 6 large folded engraved maps, plans, profiles etc. Clean and fine, printed on good paper.

[No place], Princeton University, 1939. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Fine and clean. 15 pp. First printing - and first non-academic publication ever - of Gallup's famous speech on whether democracy is the best kind of government and how democracy can be made more efficient. Gallup believed that public opinion polls served an important function in a democracy: "If government is supposed to be based on the will of the people, somebody ought to go and find what that will is," Gallup explained.Gallup was worried by the public opinion in Europe - especially in Italy and Germany - during the thirties: "In a world which moves as rapidly as the modern world does, it is often desirable to know the people's will on basic policies at more frequent intervals. We cannot put issues off and say "let thembe decided at the next election". World events do not wait on elections. We need to know the will of the people at all times." (From the present speech). Gallup (1901 - 1984), as head of the Department of Journalism at Drake University until 1931. That year, he moved to Evanston, Illinois, as a professor of journalism and advertising at Northwestern University. The next year, he moved toNew York City to join the advertising agency of Young and Rubicam as director of research (later as vice president from 1937 to 1947). He was also professor of journalism at Columbia University, but he had to give up this position shortly after he formed his own polling company, the American Institute of Public Opinion (Gallup Poll), in 1935. In 1936, his new organization achieved national recognition by correctly predicting, from the replies of only 50,000 respondents, that Franklin Roosevelt would defeat Alf Landon in the U.S. Presidential election. This was in direct contradiction to the widely respected Literary Digest magazine whose poll based on over two million returned questionnaires predicted that Landon would be the winner. Not only did Gallup get the election right, he correctly predicted the results of the Literary Digest poll as well using a random sample smaller than theirs but chosen to match it.

Leipzig, Grosse & Gleditsch, 1714. 4to. In: "Acta Eruditorum Anno MDCCXIV". The entire volume offered in contemporary full vellum. Hand written title on spine. A yellow label pasted on to top of spine. A small stamp to title-page and free front end-paper. Library label to pasted down front free end-paper. As usual with various browning to leaves and plates. Pp. 257-72 + one engraved plate. [Entire volume: Pp. (2), 565, (41) + four engraved plates.]. First printing of this influential Bernoulli-paper on the compound pendula. This paper is one of the earliest examples of his work collected under the title "dynamics". This group of works were written over a span of thirty years in which he occupied himself both with compound pendula, the study of trajectories and laws of dynamics. His early papers, including the present, are usually regarded as being "provocative and verbose". (Villagio. Die Weke Von Johann I Und Nicolaus II Bernoulli. P. 29).Bernoulli had earlier published studies on the compound pendula, but he had been stimulated to reconsider the problem by Leibnitz (Ibid.). The offered volume contains many other papers by influential contemporary mathematicians, philosophers and historians.