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London, 1797 + 1799. Small folio. 29,5 x 23,5 cm. Both parts bound together in a nice comtemporary brown half calf with blindstamped and gilt spine. Rebacked. The original spine missing the upper part relaid over lighter brown calf. re-enforced with green cloth at the inner hinges, which were otherwise split. Single small wormtracts to upper inner margin, far from affecting text or plates. Corners bumped and wear to extremities. Marbled edges. A bit of offsetting from some of the plates at the end, but internally generally very nice and clean. Frontispice, 2 ff. (title-page & Preface), 30 plates, 30 ff., 1 f. (contents) + 1 f (title-page), 30 plates, 30 ff., 1 f. (contents). Each of the 60 plates is followed by a leaf of axplanatory text in English and French. Fully complete with the frontispiece and all 60 plates listed in the tables of contents. First edition of this lovely book of views of Rome, one of the uncoloured ordinary paper copies, but with the plates in excellent quality. The work was reprinted twice, ca. 1805 and 1819, the impressions of both being very inferior to those of the first edition. Lowndes III:1537

Augsburg, Jeremins Wolff, 1719. Folio (335 x 203 mm). Two parts bound in one contemporary full vellum. Title in contemporary hand to top of spine. Top of front hinge split. Binding with a bit of wear and with a few dots and marks. Ex-libris pasted on to pasted down front end-paper. Inner front hinge split. Two first frontispieces with small tear and nicks in margin, soiling and dampstain to upper outer margin. First frontispiece with repair in the center. 7 leaves with closed tears. A few damp stains and light occassional soiling throughout. And overall nice copy. Parallel text in German-Latin. 228 full page engraved plates and 6 frontpieces (Three to each part). Fine later edition of Pozzo’s important architectural work containing instructions for how to apply and effectively use perspective in in painting and architecture. It is considered one of the earliest treaties on perspective in art and architecture. The increasingly complex architectural demonstrations displayed in the present work is a fine testament to the author's belief that beauty in representation originates from suitably proportioned architecture. The work was first published in 1698 and went through editions, even into the 19th century, and has been translated from the original Latin and Italian into numerous languages such as French, German, English, and Chinese thanks to Pozzo's Jesuit connection. Graesse V, p. 429.(Brunet IV, 984 - The first edition).

(Paris, Crochard, 1816, 1817,1817,1820, 1824, 1824, 1825). Without wrappers as issued in: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago.". Vol. 3, pp. 350-375. - Vol. 4, pp. 128-145. - Vol. 6, pp. 259-303. - Vol. 13, pp. 418-38. - Vol. 27, pp. 136-167. - Vol. 27, pp. 236-281. - Vol. 28, pp. 337-365. All first edition and first appearances of papers forecasting the more elaborated theories which he published in his famous work "La Therorie analytique de la chaleur. 1822". His analytical mathematical method, that any continous function can be represented as a sum of sine and cosine curves, is here applied to physical problems f.i. his treatment of the warming (and cooling) of the earth and terrestrial temperatures (f.i. the papers offred here no.1, 2, 4, 5 a. 6). The theory of terrestrial temperatures played a central role in Fourier's mathematical physics..An. 1. Description of the 4to volume, which was afterwards published in 1822 without the chapters on radiant heat, the solar heat as it effects the earth, the comparison of analysis with the experiment, and the history of rise and progress of the theory of heat. As such the paper contains importent applications and results not described in "Theorie analytique...1822."An. 2. This is a mathematiccal sketch on the sine law of emission of heat from a surface. The authors paradox on the hypothesis of equal intensity of emission in all directions, is here proved.An. 3. An elegant physical treatise on the discoveries of Newton, Pictet, Wells, Wollaston, Leslie and Prevost.An. 4. A Sketch of a memoir, mathematical and descriptive, on the waste of the earth's initial heat.An. 5. A descriptive memoir, read before the Academy 20. a. 29. Sept 1824 and later published in "Memoires de l'Academy...", Tome VII, 1827.An. 6. An elementary analytical account of surface-emissions and absorption based on the principle of equilibrium of temperature. This paper comes with Poisson's "Observations relatives à un Mémoire sur l'Equilibre d'une masse fluide, inséré dans la Transactions philosophique de cette année." Pp. 225-236.An. 7. An elementary analysis of emissionn, absorption and reflexion by walls of enclosure uniformly heated. At p. 364, Fopurier, promises a "Theorie physique de la chaleur" to contain the applications of the "Theorie analytique" omitted in teis work published 1822.

Leiden, Pieter van der Aa, 1702. Folio (388 x 240 mm). In contemporary full calf with six raised bands with gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Wear to extremities. Upper and lower part of spine defect. Upper outer corner of front board partly detached. Hindges a bit weak. Text-leaves lightly browned, but overall internally fine and clean. (16), 88 pp + 44 full page engraved plates. The rare 1702-edition of Bartoli’s beautifully illustrated work on Roman and Etruscan mausoleums and tombs. Not in Cicognara

Kjøbenhavn (Copenhagen), Sebastian Popp, 1796 - 99. 8vo. Bound in three uniform contemporary half calf bindings with gilt title- and tome-labels to spines. Spines with some wear, but overall nice and tight. Internally very nice and clean. Printed on good paper. Contemporary owner's inscription to front free end-papers. XXX, (2), 336 pp. + (8), 346 pp. + (2), 368 pp. + 372 pp. + XXVI, 352 pp. + 324 pp. Rare first edition of the first Danish translation of Rousseau's monumental work (Emilius, or an Essay on Education), being one of the absolutely most important and influential works on education. Virtually no work has had as great an impact on paedagogics as this one. Being one of the most influential thinkers of the 18th century, Rousseau is considered one of the indirect causes of the French Revolution. In Rousseau one certainly finds one of the most influential spokesmen for 18th century thought, and it is primarily the thoughts of him and Voltaire that are put into action with the Revolution. Not only in France can the effects of his philosophy and thoughts on upbringing and education be clearly seen; -his ideas were of decisive character to the generation of artists, writers, poets, philosophers etc. in the beginning to middle of the 19th century, which seminally affects Danish thought, as it is in this period that our most important and famous cultural personas are being influenced (e.g. H.C. Andersen and Søren Kierkegaard); thus this first Danish translation is of great importance and interest. In Danish literature there is talk about the Rousseauan spirit, and it is in this spirit that the entire literary production of H.C. Andersen can be viewed, -directly or indirectly. Rousseau's three main thoughts in Émile - on the childlike, on the natural and on simple religious faith - fits like a glove on the main messages and morals of H.C. Andersen's works.Søren Kierkegaard is known to have owned a copy of Rousseau's Émile in French as well as a copy of this first Danish translation (see "Auktionsprotokol over Søren Kierkegaards Bogsamling" no. 941-43). As opposed to H.C.A., though, the philosophy and educational program of Rousseau does not correspond with the Christianity of Kierkegaard, who, however, quotes and comments on Rousseau and his writings on several occasions in his diaries.In Émile, Rousseau poses an entirely new approach to education and the upbringing of children. His thoughts were exceedingly controversial, the work was burnt by the executioner immediately after its first appearance and Rousseau had to flee the country due to a warrant for his arrest. There is no need to say that these new thoughts were also widely influential on Danish thought, and this especially after the appearance of the Danish translation (34-37 years after the French original). Not only Kierkegaard and H.C.A. were influenced by this great thinker, so were the likes of Ingemann, one of our greatest poets."The first and last of these (i.e. Héloise and Émile), with their sentimental expression of deism, gave much offence, and Rousseau, like Voltaire, was forced to flee to Prussia. Restless and locally unpopular, he fled again to England, where he had a great welcome. Hume, who had offered him asylum, looked after him patiently..." (PMM 207, Printing and the Mind of Man). Bibliotheca Danica IV:1004.

London, John Murray, 1848. 8vo. Bound in 2 fine, well-preserved contemporary half calf. Richly gilt spines. Tome- and title-labels with gilt lettering. Marbled edges. 2 frontispieces (engraved portrait a. lithographed tinted view). XVII,386;XI,396 pp., 5 engraved folded maps (1 hand-coloured), 5 tinted lithographed plates, 11 plates in woodcut. Internally clean and fine. Some brownspots to the portrait. First edition. "In the nineteenth century, James Brook (1803-1866), English gentleman-adventurer, ensured that Borneo would figure in Western imaginations and encyclopedias as rather more, or less, rhan Pigafetta's luminous projection. Aided by british naval might and complacent locals, Brooke suppressed piracy in Sarawak, in return securing a pledge granting him sole rights to the district." (Jenifer Speake in "Literature of Travel and Ecploration.."p. 116).

London, Philosophical Transactions, 1807. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1807 - Part I. Pp. With titlepage to Part I. Pp. 1-56 and 1 engraved plate (showing the pile used). A bit of browning to the plate and a larger brownspot in right margin. Otherwise clean and fine, wide-margined. First printing of a MILESTONE PAPER IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY in which Davy shows that electricity is capable of decomposing the most stable elements."Humphry Davy was one of the most brilliant chemists of the early nineteenth century. His early study of nitrous oxide brought him his first reputation, but his later and most importent investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first electrolysis by means of the pile was carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carisle, who obtained oxygen and hydrogen from water. Davy began to examine the chemical effects of electricity in 1800, and his numerous discoveries were presented in his Bakerian lecture to the Royal Society on November 20, 1806 (the paper offered here). His experiments, along the lines stated in this paper, lead to his discoveries of potassum and sodium in 1807 and the year after to barium, calcium and boron.(A Source Book in Chemistry p. 243). - Sparrow: Milestones of Science No 52. - Wheeler Gift: 2511.

(London, Harrison and Sons, 1898). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" Year 1897, Volume 190 - Series A. - Pp. 205-300, textillustr. Clean and fine. First appearance of an importent paper announcing the first formulation of the complete Lorentz-transformation and with the first prediction of time dilation. "It seems churlish however to deny that Larmor had gained an importent, if limited insight into time dilation, two years before Lorentz's striking similar and independent insight of 1899."(Harvey R. brown in "Physical relativity", p. 61). - The paper also presents the "Larmor formula".It's notable that Larmor was the first who recognized that some sort of time dilation is a consequence of the Loretz transformation as well, because individual electrons describe corresponding parts of their orbits in times shorter for the [rest] system in the ratio 1/y.Parallel to the development of Lorentz ether theory, Larmor published the complete Lorentz transformations in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1897 (in the paper offered) some two years before Hendrik Lorentz (1899, 1904) and eight years before Albert Einstein (1905). Larmor predicted the phenomenon of time dilation, at least for orbiting electrons, and verified that the FitzGerald-Lorentz contraction (length contraction) should occur for bodies whose atoms were held together by electromagnetic forces. In his book Aether and Matter (1900), he again presented the Lorentz transformations, time dilation and length contraction (treating these as dynamic rather than kinematic effects). Larmor opposed Albert Einstein's theory of relativity (though he supported it for a short time). Larmor rejected both the curvature of space and the special theory of relativity, to the extent that he claimed that an absolute time was essential to astronomy.Larmor held that matter consisted of particles moving in the aether. Larmor believed the source of electric charge was a "particle" (which as early as 1894 he was referring to as the electron). Thus, in what was apparently the first specific prediction of time dilation, he wrote "... individual electrons describe corresponding parts of their orbits in times shorter for the [rest] system in the ratio (1 - v2/c2)1/2" (in the paper offered).

London, Richard Royston, 1678. Folio (320 x 220 mm). In contemporary full calf, spine rebacked. Wear to extremities, boards with numerous scratches and corners bumped, with loss of leather. Ex-libris (Danish author and philosopher Carl Henrik Koch) to pasted down front end-paper. Stamps to verso of frontispiece and title-page and verso of p. 899 ("MVSEVM BRITANNICVM" and "British Museum / sale duplicate / 1787"). Light marginal browning throughout, but generally internally nice. (20), 84, 97-156, 155-899, (87) pp. + frontispiece. Complete with the often lacking advertisement leaf. First edition of Cudworth’s only work of philosophy to be published in his lifetime – arguably one of the most ambitious and intellectually ambitious philosophical works of the 17th century. Here Cudworth sought to unite classical philosophy with Christian theology while offering a systematic refutation of atheism and materialism. His work had a significant impact on early modern philosophy shaping discussions on metaphysics, theology and the nature of divine providence. “(The present work) as published in 1678 is only the first of three volumes which Cudworth had planned to write with the same over-all title, but he defends it as a self-standing work. In it he seeks to provide an anti-determinist defence of theism against scepticism, atheism and materialism, and to demonstrate the compatibility of true philosophy with true religion. In so arguing, he probably had in mind the anti-atheist arguments of book X of Plato’s Laws. The last chapter, in particular, contains many, often extensive, arguments with his philosophical contemporaries (Descartes, Hobbes and Spinoza).” (SEP) “Arguably it constitutes the most important statement of innate-idea epistemology by any British philosopher of the seventeenth century …. The full extent of Cudworth’s legacy in philosophy has yet to be mapped out. In England John Ray, John Locke (his critique of innate ideas notwithstanding), the third Earl of Shaftesbury, Sir Andrew (Le Chevalier) Ramsay, Richard Price and Thomas Reid all acknowledge their debt to Cudworth. In the European Enlightenment, Cudworth was the focal point of a dispute between Bayle and Le Clerc in 1703–1706. His concept of Plastic Nature was taken seriously in France as late as the nineteenth century. Thanks to J.L. Mosheim’s Latin translation (1733) Cudworth’s writings were mediated to the German Enlightenment’ (Sarah Hutton, Dictionary of Seventeenth-Century British Philosophers, Thoemmes Press, 2000). "The True Intellectual System is primarily a critique of what Cudworth took to be the two principal forms of atheism — materialism and hylozoism [a term coined by Cudworth for the doctrine that all matter is in some sense alive]. The materialist Cudworth had especially in mind is Thomas Hobbes. Cudworth attempts to show that Hobbes had revived the doctrines of Protagoras and is therefore subject to the criticisms which Plato had deployed against Protagoras the Theaetetus. On the side of hylozoism Strato is the official target. However, Cudworth’s Dutch friends had certainly reported to him the views which Spinoza was circulating in manuscript. Cudworth remarks in his Preface that he would have ignored hylozoism had he not been aware that a new version of it would shortly be published" (John Passmore, Encyclopedia of Philosophy).

Berlin, G. reimer, 1842. 4to. No wrappers. In: Crelle's "Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik.", 24. Band, zweites Heft., Titlepage to Zweites Heft and pp. 93-188 and 3 plates. Lobatschewsky's paper pp. 164-170. First edition and THE FIRST PRINTING of any part of Lobatschefskij's FIRST MAJOR work on geometry, as it is his own translation of the last to chapters of his "Geometriya" from 1823, a work which was never published in his lifetime. In its original form the "Geometriya" was published in 1909. - The geometrical studies which it contains, led Lobatschewski to his main discovery, the Non-Euclidean Geometry , published in Russian in Kazan 1829, and in it he developes the idea of geometry independent of the fifth postulate. The last two chapters of the unpublished work is offered here, and the chapters deals with the solution of triangles, on given measurements, and on probable errors in calculation, deaply connected to his attempts to establish experimentally what sort of geometry obtains in the real world. - "The period 1835 to 1838 saw him concerned with writing "Novye nachalaa geometrii s polnoi teoriei parallellnykh" (New Principles of Geometry with a Complete Theory of Parallels), which incorporated a version of his first work,the still unpublished "Geometriya". The last two chapters of the book were abbriviated and translated for publication in Crelle's Journal in 1842." (DSB)."Lobachevsky was interested in the theory of parallels from at least 1815. Lecture notes of the period 1815-17 are ectant, in which Lobachevsky attempts various waus to establish the Euclidean theory. he proves Legendre's two propositions, and employs also the ideas of direction and infinite areas. In 1823 he prepared a treatise on geometry for use at the university, but it obtained so unfavourable a report that it was not printed. The MS. remained buried in the University archives until it was discovered and printed in 1909. In this book he states that "a rigorous proof of the postulate of Euclid has nit hitherto been discovered; those which have been given may be called explanations, and do not deserve to be considered as mathematical proofs in the full sense."(Sommerville: The Elements of Non-Euclidean geometry. 1914).

Stockholm, F.& G. Beijers Förlag, 1882-87. Lex8vo. 5 samtidige hldrbd. Rygforgyldning. Titel-og tomefelter i skind. Rygge med lette brugsspor. (6),812;(2),516;(4),530,(6),582;(6),535,(6) pp., tekstillustrationer, 140 plancher (heriblandt foldekort). Indvendig rent frisk eksemplar.

(Ankara, Sol yayinlari, 1970). 8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. Light wear to extremities. Small white paper label pasted on to back wrapper. Internally fine and clean. 469, (3) pp. (with the genealogic tree included in the pagination). First Turkish translation of The Origin of Species, translated by Öner Ünalan from the sixth London edition. Ünalan, fluent in English and German, was assisted in this translation by an unspecified German edition. "Ünalan was well known for his translations of Einstein, Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Fidel Castro. "(Darwin-Online).Freeman F796.

København (Copenhagen), Philipsens Forlag, 1887. Lex8vo. Contemporary brown half calf with gilt ornamentation to spine. Spine worn, mostly at hinges and capitals, but binding fine and tight. Corners and edges with wear. First quire brownspitted, otherwise ownly light occasional, scattered brownspotting. Old owners' names to front free end-paper and to top of title-page respectively. (6), VIII, 417, (1) pp. Scarce first edition of the work in which a welfare principle is presented for the first time, laying the groundwork for the welfare state as we know it today. Høffding’s “Ethics” came to have a profound impact upon European politics and philosophical ethics of the Positivist era and directly influenced the development of the Scandinavian welfare state. “[I]t was Høffding who was the first in the world to work out a welfare-principle, namely in his “Etik” (Ethics) in 1887. Today, Høffding is not widely known, but in his lifetime and up to the 1950ties he was an internationally famous philosopher, whose works were translated into many languages and who was several times nominated for the Nobel Prize.” (Andersen, A.T.: The Dialogic and Religious Theme of Welfare in Harald Høffding…, p. 104). “Etik” constitutes an ethical system. Høffding discusses the principal questions in order to develop a scientific ethics, or a moral science if one will, analyzes the ethical principles that are expressed in ethical assessments, and on the basis hereof develops an individualistic and a social ethic that was way ahead of its time, but which found great resonance within the reading public. The book had an enormous impact. It appeared five times in Høffding’s life-time, sold extremely well, and was quickly translated into German and French – “Denmark had gotten its first internationally known and acknowledged philosopher, several decades before Kierkegaard had his breakthrough on the international scene.” (Koch, Dansk filosofi i positivisments tidsalder, p. 41 – translated from Danish). “Høffding became a mentor to many – not least because of the humanity that marks this book [i.e. Ethics] and because of the well-balanced treatment it gives of the social and political questions of the time, of the relationship between the sexes and between church and state, just to mention a few of the “important life conditions” it deals with. Students in personal crisis contacted him, and people in difficult circumstances wrote to him for advice. Not least because of his ethical view, he came to appear as the old, wise man of the nation… His influence in the neighboring countries was also great. For instance, his ethical considerations in the years around 1900 came to play a significant role for the young Swedish social democrats and for their conception of a coming welfare state.” (Koch, Dansk filosofi i positivisments tidsalder, p. 60 – translated from Danish). “Harald Høffding, the Danish philosopher and historian of philosophy, was born in Copenhagen and lived there throughout his life. From 1883 to 1915 he was professor of philosophy at the University of Copenhagen. Høffding received a degree in divinity in 1865, but he had already decided not to take orders. A study of Søren Kierkegaard's works, and especially of his views on Christianity, had led to an intense religious crisis ending in a radical break with Christianity. Høffding sought in philosophy a new personal orientation and gradually developed into an extraordinarily many-sided liberal humanist. His philosophical development was influenced during a stay in Paris (1868–1869) by the study of French and English positivism… his activity as a scholar ranged over every branch of philosophy, including psychology. His works display a vast knowledge, a keen eye for essentials, and a critically balanced judgment. They were translated into many languages and widely used as textbooks. By the turn of the twentieth century Høffding's reputation was worldwide and he knew personally many leading thinkers. He was the outstanding Danish philosopher of his day, and in 1914 the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters assigned him the honorary residence of Gammel Carlsberg, where he lived to the end of his life. The residence later passed to the physicist Niels Bohr, a younger friend of Høffding.” (Frithiof Brandt, Encyclopaedia of Philosophy). “The Danish philosopher Harald Høffding was the first in the world to work out a welfare-principle. He expressed a dialogic and democratic standpoint, a fellowship and an ideal concerning equality, and consequently a distinct philosophical basis for the realization of the formation of the welfare state.” (Andersen, A.T.: The Dialogic and Religious Theme of Welfare in Harald Høffding…, p. (103).).

(London, L. Davis, 1756). 4to. In recent marbled wrappers. In "Philosophical Transactions", Volume 49, 1755. All leaves reinforced in margin. Fine and clean. (14) [Leaves of contents to to vol. 49] Pp. 82-93 First edition of Simpson’s landmark paper: "a milestone in statistical inference, as well as the earliest formal treatment of any data-processing practice" (Hook & Norman, Origins of Cyberspace). “Simpson was the first to attempt a mathematical proof of the law of large numbers; i.e., that the mean result of several observations is nearer to the truth than any single observations. A key feature of the paper was that Simpson chose to focus “not on the observations themselves . . . but on the error made in the observations, on the differences between the recorded observations and the actual position of the body being observed. . . [This] was the critical step that was to open the door to an applicable quantification of uncertainty” (Stigler 1986, 90-91). “Simpson was the first to characterize the errors in observations as independent events, taking positive and negative values with equal probabilities, and the first to provide a mathematical expression for the probability that the error in the mean result will lie between assigned limits” (Origins of Cyberspace, no 16.) Hook and Norman, Origins of Cyberspace, no. 16

(Stockholm, 1824-40). Folio-oblong. Rebacked. The original cloth-covers preserved, gilt. Text in Swedish and French. Containing all 40 engraved views in aquatint and lithograph by C.F. Akrell and others. Each measuring 34x48 cm. The lithographed titlepage slightly brownspotted, 1 textpage repaired (no loss). In general fine and clean. First edition. Forming part of Thersner's series "Forna och närvarende Sverige 1817-67".

Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1896 + 1923. Both copies are uncut, numbered and on extra fine paper. They are bound w. all the orig. wrappers in two private very beautiful uniform half leather bindings of darker orange (like the wrappers) morocco w. single gilt line-frames and gilt titles on back. Flat capitals and top-edges gilt (Anker Kysters Eftf. 1977, -handsigned underneth the bookbinder-stamp by the particular bookbinder - "Mogens Dickow Lund"). Small tear to corner of back wrapper of"Lettres Intimes", otherwise a mint set. First edition, numbered copies, of both works. The "Lettres Intimes" is number 5 of fifteen copies printed on Japan-paper: "Il a été tiré de cet ouvrage quinze exemplaires sur papier Impérial du Japon. Tous numérotés. No. 5." "Nouvelles Lettres Intimes" is number four of 50 copies on Holland-paper: "Il a été tiré de cet ouvrage cinquante exemplaires sur papier de Hollande numérotés. No. 4."Ernest Renan (1823-1892) was a French philologist, philosopher and historian. His father died when he was aged five, and his mother wanted him to become a priest. Until he was about 16 years old, he was trained by the Church, but due to his investigative and truth-seeking nature as well as his studies (e.g. Hebrew), he was in doubt as to the historical truth of the Scriptures, and with the help of his sister he chose his own path in life. "He studied intensively the languages of the Bible and filled a number of minor academic positions, frequently encountering difficulties because of the heterodoxy and outspokenness of his religious opinions." (Printing and the Mind of Man 352). In 1840 he began studying philosophy and later philology, in 1847 he took his degree as Agrégé de Philosophie and became master at the Lycée of Vendome. After having returned from a mission to Italy in the year 1850 where he gathered material for his historical-philosophical masterpiece, "Averroës et l'Averroisme", he was offered employment at the "Bibliothèque Nationale" (at the manuscript department). In 1861 he was chosen to become professor of Hebrew at the Collège de France, but because the emperor refused to ratify the appointment (inspired by the Clerical party), he was not established in the chair untill 1870. In 1878 he was elected for the Academy. Renan is considered a scolar of the greatest excellence and an impressive writer. Renan's closest confidante was his sister, Henriette, who helped him quit the clerical carrier. They helped eachother financially, travelled together (e.g. on archaeological expeditions) and lived together for many years of their lives. His widely famous work, "Vie de Jésus" is dedicated to her, and their correspondence is very interesting and catching.

Paris, Bachelier, 1839. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome VIII No. 1. Pp. 1-36. (Entire issue offered with htitles and titlepages to volume 8). Arago's paper: Pp. 4-7. Light toning to halftitle. Stamps to title-page (one punched in lower margin). Fine and clan. First printing of the first announcement and description of the production of Daguerreotypes made by Arago to the French Academy on January 7, 1839. The first complete report was printed on August 19, 1839. The presentation by Arago preceeded Daguerre's own publication "Historique de description des procédés du daguerreotype et du diorama", (1839)."Arago, himself a chemist and a member of the Chamber of Deputies, made a brief pronouncement on Daguerre's proces in the Chamber on 7 January 1839 (the paper offered). and in the following August printed the full text of his report thereon made to a joint sesion of the Chambers of Deputies and the Academy of Sciences."(PMM: 318 (Note to).

Leningrad - Moskva (Moscow), Molodaja Gvardija, 1933. 12mo. Stapled, in the original coloured illustrated wrappers: Some minor wear along spine, resulting in a tear to lower hinge, virtually no loss. A bit of minor soiling. A very fine copy of this fairly fragile publication. With many illustrations throughout. (18) ff. The scarce first edition of Marschak's important political and social comment to Russian society, masked as a children's story. Marschak played a seminal role in the emergence of children's literature in Russia after the Revolution, and the present work constitutes a prime example of the political satire and comment for which this genre also served as a cover. In pre-revolutionary Russia children literature had been in somewhat of a stand-still since the appearance of the first journal for children appeared in 1785. Throughout the entire 19th century texts by Russian authors were counted as children's literature, although they had by no means been written as such, e.g. works by Puschkin, Lermontov, Gogol, Turgenjev, Tolstoj etc., etc. There was no such thing as actual children's literature in its own right. Not until the 20th century did this change. With the political and social changes after the Revolution of 1917, the field of children's literature would change, and Marschak was at the centre of this change. He was the director of the actual children's periodical "The New Robinson", which hired authors to write stories specifically for children. This must naturally have been a relief for the children, but as important was the fact that this sort of writing could become a refuge for the authors themselves. To a large extent the genre of children's literature was considered harmless and not something that was politically supervised; this meant that the authors could express them self much more freely here that they would normally be able to. And thus, it is among the children's literature around 1930 that we find some of the most politically interesting Russian works, Marschak's "Mister Twister" being a prime example. The moral story of an American racist, who travels to Russia, refuses to stay in a hotel-room next door to a black man and ends up without a roof over his head, could be seen as a tale for children which instructs them in how to treat people equally and not look down upon others. But as much as this, and perhaps more, the present pamphlet is an ingenious piece of political satire which plays off socialism against capitalism. What would have been impossible in adult literature, becomes possible in that for children, and Marschak masters the ambiguity to perfection. Furthermore, it is a work in which Marschak displays his thrill with the technical progress of RussiaThe work appeared in German in 1933

Paris, Furne et Cie, 1838-30. Royal8vo. Bound in 7 very fine cont. full cloth, gilt backs, covers all well as backs with rich floral blindtooling. (Plates bound separately in one volume). Ca 5000 pp. Engraved portrait, 116 fine steel-engraved and handcoloured plates and 4 handcold. maps. a nice clean set with bindings in near mint condition.

Kiøbenhavn, Gyldendal, 1787. 8vo. Uncut in a recent full green calf with five raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. A good copy. (12), 186, LXIV, 221, (3), 141 pp. Rare early Danish work containing a compilations of various works on the Middle East by Harmar, Niebuhr, Forsskäl and Björnstähl primarily with a focus their contributions in relation to Biblical studies – all works being forerunners of modern bible science that would begin to emerge a few decades later. Also contained in the present work is, what presumably is, the first Danish translation of any part of Johann Michaelis ‘Fragen’ – his publication with 100 question which were the foundation of the famous Niebuhr-expedition. OCLC only list two copies, both in Denmark.

Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1832. Contemp. hcalf., raised bands, gilt spine. Light wear along edges. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Band 25. (Entire volume offered). VIII,648 pp. and 6 folded engraved plates. Small stamps on verso of titlepage and plates. Faraday's papers: pp. 91-142 a. pp. 142-186. with 3 folded engraved plates. Clean and fine. First German editions of the 2 first memoirs of Faradays groundbreaking researches on electricity, constituting the first 2 papers of his "Experimental Researches in Electricity", and containing his fundamental discovery of electromagnetic induction, THE FOUNDATION OF NEARLY ALL THE ELECTRICITY IN USE TODAY. In 1820 Oersted had generated magnetism from electricity, Faraday here finds the opposite effect, generating electricity by magnetism. He also described the first electrical generator (second paper). THESE PAPERS ARE SOME OF THE GREAT CLASSICS OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS."Faraday demonstrated this theory involving the lines of force....by inserting a magnet into a coil of wire attached to a galvanometer. While the magnet was being inserted or removd, current flowed through the wire. If the magnet was held stationary and the coil moved over it one way or the other, there was current in the wire. In either case the magnetic lines of force about the magnet were cut by the wire.If the magnet and coil were both held motionless, whether the magnet was within the coil or not, there was no current...Faraday hd thus discovered electricalinduction...It was to lead to great things, but this was not apparent."(Asimov)."Although his discovery of the electric motor and the dynamo was almost entirely identical to his theoretical discoveries, it laid the foundation of the modern electrical industry - electric light and power, teælephony, wireless telegraphy, televison etc. - by providing for the production of continous mechanical motion from an electrical source, and vice versa." (PMM, 308).Horblit, 29 - Milestones, 62. - Dibner, 64. - PMM, 308.The volume contains further notable papers. Elie de Beaumont "Zweiter geologischer Brief...an A.v. Humboldt über die relative Alter der Gebirgszüge", pp. 1-58 a. 2 plates (one handcoloured), papers by Döbereiner, E. Lenz, Moser, Mitscherlich, de Saussure, J. Dumas, F.E. Neumann, Gay-Lussac, Johannes Müller "Beobachtungen zur Analyse der Lymphe, des Bluts und des Chylus", pp. 513-590.

London, J. Mawman, 1815. Later hcalf. Raised bands, titlelabel with gilt lettering. Small stamp on title-page and the first leaves. (4),171,(3) pp. Faint marginal brownspots, wide-margined copy. Some contemporary reviews from newspapers bound in. At end a catalogue, 7 pp. from the publisher Gale, Curtis, and Fenner. First edition. Giving the results of the author's voyages in Greenland Sea as ship surgeon on whalers in 1806 and 1807. He describes the ice conditions, the walrus, seal, polar bear, reindeer, arctic fox and few of the birds near West Spitzbergen; also the whaling methods. (Arctic Bibliography, 9582).

London, Macmillan & Co, 1908. Royal8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with five raised bands and two black leather title labels with gilt lettering to spine. In "Nature", May - October, 1908, Vol. LXXVIII [78]. Library label to first page of index and bookplate pasted on to front free end-paper. Fine and clean Fine and clean P. 151; Pp. 105-6. [Entire volume: LII, 686 pp.]. First printing of this seminal publication in the history of television; it is generally considered the earliest and most important paper in the early development of television. It constitutes the first description of an electronic method of producing television.Responding to an article in the June 4, 1908 issue of Nature by Shelford Bidwell entitled "Telegraphic Photography and Electric Vision," A. A. Campbell Swinton wrote a letter to the editor of Nature proposing a solution to the most pressing problems in achieving "distant electric vision": "This part of the problem of obtaining distant electric vision can probably be solved by the employment of two beams of kathode rays (one at the transmitting and one at the receiving station) synchronously deflected by the varying fields of two electromagnets placed at right angles to one another and energised by two alternating electric currents of widely different frequencies, so that the moving extremities of the two beams are caused to sweep simultaneously over the whole of the required surface within the one-tenth of a second necessary to take advantage of visual persistence." (SWINTON)."The final, insurmountable problems with any form of mechanical scanning were the limited number of scans per second, which produced a flickering image, and the relatively large size of each hole in the disk, which resulted in poor resolution. In 1908 a Scottish electrical engineer, A. A. Campbell Swinton, wrote that the problems 'can probably be solved by the employment of two beams of kathode rays' instead of spinning disks. Cathode rays are beams of electrons generated in a vacuum tube. Steered by magnetic fields or electric fields, Swinton argued, they could 'paint' a fleeting picture on the glass screen of a tube coated on the inside with a phosphorescent material. Because the rays move at nearly the speed of light, they would avoid the flicker problem, and their tiny size would allow excellent resolution. Swinton never built a set (for, as he said, the possible financial reward would not be enough to make it worthwhile)..." (Britannica). Hiers, Early Television no 366.

Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1873. 4to. (282x225mm). Entire volume (1628 pp.) offered here in original blank wrappers, unopened. An exceptionally fine copy. 4 parts First edition of Hermite's epoch-making memoir in which he proved the transcendence of e, and thus initiated a new era in number theory. A decade later Lindemann used the method of Hermite's work to establish the transcendence of pi.

(Amsterdam ?), 1746. 4to. Samtidigt marmoreret hellæderbind. Overdådig rygforgyldning, forgyldt skindtitel. Lidt slidt ved øverste kapitæl. Rigt illustreret med kobberstukne portrætter, vignetter, prospekter, våbenskjolde i rokokomaner og foldede genealogiske tavler. Et blad fint repareret for en revnedannelse, uden tab. Et blad med en lille hul i teksten, uden tab. Enkelte brunpletter, men frisk, trykt på skrivepapir. Originaludgaven af Hofmans hovedværk, som siden udkom i en dansk udgave (1777-79). Hans omgang i Paris med tidens fornemste bogkunstnere gav ham smag for den nye franske bogkunst og han knyttede mange af disse kunstnere til udgivelsen af dette værk og dets pompøse udsmykning, således blev hans eget portræt, som indleder værker, stukket af den fremtrædende franske kunstner J.G. Wille. I værket redegøres for over 40 danske adelsslægter, Friis, Skeel, Rantzau, Thott m.v., og særligt må fremhæves afsnittet om Tycho Brahe, der ud over hans stukne portræt, indeholder kortet over Hven, prospekt af Uranienborg m.v.