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Warszawa, Wydawnictwo Przegladu Tygodnio, 1888-1889. Large8vo. In two uniform contemporary half calf bindings with four raised bands and gilt lettering to spine. Top right corner (app. 3 x 5 cm) of both title pages cut off; volume 1 not affecting text, volume 2 missing the n in 'Darwin'. Light wear to extremities, otherwise a fine set. (2), X, 11-357, III; (2), 379, IV, VIII, V pp. Rare first Polish translation of Darwin's extensive work 'The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication'. It is the longest work and, being so detailed, was never a very successful one, selling only about five thousand copies in his life time and eight before the end of the century" (R.B. Freeman). Freeman 922.

(Basel), Privatbruck, 1927. Uncut in the very nice original brown half morocco bindings over marbled boards. Backs with five raised bands and green leather title labels. Top-edges gilt. Minor scraching to lower band on all three backs, corners slightly bumped on vol. one. Internally near mint. Printed on thick paper. First German edition. Number 309 of 1000 numbered copies, out of a total of 1100 copies. "Der deutsche Privatdruck des Ulysses von James Joyce wurde... in einer einmaligen Auflage von tausend Abzügen auf Bütten und Hundert unverkäuflichen für die Presse bestimmten Abzügen auf Dünnerdruck hergestellt." (f. 2).This is the first translation of Ulysses published by Joyce.

London, R. Ibbitson & P. Stent, 1655. 4to. In contemporary full calf. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Wear to extremities, scratches and stains to boards. Ex-libris pasted on to verso of front board. First 20 leaves with a few small worm-tracts in outer lower margin, only slightly touching text. Outer margin closely trimmed, slightly touching the printed marginal notes on a few leaves. (8), 211 pp. 23 engravings in text. Wanting the folded map. Uncommon first edition of one of the earliest books relating to the English coal trade. This work sheds light on the grievances of locals in the North East of England during the mid-seventeenth century. In 1653, Gardiner was imprisoned by the Hostmen of Newcastle upon Tyne for his refusal to cease operations at his brewery in North Shields, a small town situated to the east of Newcastle. The Hostmen, a powerful corporation of local merchants, had significant control over the trade, particularly in coal, along the River Tyne. Despite limitations imposed by the House of Commons, they exerted influence over various ports in the North East of England. “Gardiner's petition to Oliver Cromwell, published in 1655 (the present work), demanded that the Hostmen had abused their powers, and that trade ought to be opened up on the Tyne and elsewhere. He suggested that North Shields gain a market to facilitate trade, and to help the garrison at nearby Tynemouth. Gardiner's pleas were ultimately unsuccessful. However, the Hostmen's influence did begin to diminish. This was primarily due to the increased production of coal and other goods in the region, as well as Parliamentary support for competition from other local ports such as Sunderland and Blyth.” (Royal Collection Trust) Goldsmiths 1347

Utrecht, Van Paddenburg & Comp., 1848-50. 8vo. Three contemporary half calf bindings. Spines with gilt-stamped leather title. X,(2),413,(1);IX,(3),356;XVII,(3),524 pp. with 5 folding tables and 18 lithographed folding plates by J. L. Wichelshausen. First edition. Harting's extensive encyclopedic work on the theory, use and history of the microscope - the first full historical treatment of that subject. A supplement to volume 2 (dealing with microscopic research) was published in 1858 in Tiel. DSB: VI, pp. 1327-38.

Copenhagen, Institute for Theoretical Physics, 1955. Small folio (A4). Blank wrappers, stapled under cloth back-stip. Stenciled manuscript. 48 numbered leaves with printing on rectos only. Illustrated. One of the few scarce original stenciled copies of the "Journal of Jocular Physics, Vol. III," the 1955-volume of the privately circulated amateur-comedy-journal that Bohr's students made on the occasions of Bohr's most important birthdays (beginning with his 50th in 1935), in this case his 70th. The "Journal" is an eclectic blend of funny and clever stories, songs, poems, aphorisms, humorous descriptions of recent developments in physics, etc., all written in an informal tone with the underlying subject being Bohr's birthday.Since 1929 most of the greatest physicists of the 20th century had been gathering around Niels Bohr for a conference in Copenhagen at the Bohr Institute. Since 1931 this conference had also included a skit prepared by the youngest of the participants, the "Copenhagen Faust" of 1932 being the most famous and important of them. It is this skit that later develops into the "Journal of Jocular Physics" which was prepared and compiled for Bohr's 50th, 60th and 70th birthdays, the first in 1935, the second in 1945, and the third (the present) in 1955. The 1955 "Jocular Physics" was the last of them. "The early decades of the present century witnessed the heady development of the Quantum Theory of the atom, and during that era the roads of theoreticians of all nationalities led, not to Rome, but to Copenhagen, the home city of Niels Bohr, who was the first to formulate the correct atomic model. It became customary at the end of each spring conference at Blegdamsvej 15 (the street address of Bohr's Institute of Theoretical Physics) to produce a stunt pertaining to recent developments in physics.However Copenhagen was also the home of abundant humor. As a respite from the intensive and highly competitive efforts taking place to characterize fundamental interactions on an atomic scale, physicists took the time to develop satirical letters, articles, plays and other works." (Gamow, Thirty Years that Shook Physics, pp. 167-68).In his Report at the Niels Bohr Archive Symposium, "Copenhagen' and beyond: Drama meets history of science", Yu.V. Gaponov accounts for the history of "physical art": "The 1950s and 1960s were the golden age of the utmost prosperity in Physics. The atomic revolution having opened for the scientists a new world of quanta led soon to the nuclear fission discovery and to the first steps in techniques to dominate the atomic energy. The realization of national atomic programs which first took place in USA and then in Russia (USSR) and Great Britain had attracted the whole world's attention and placed Physics and the natural sciences in general in a top position. Being concerned with matters of physics became then exclusive and prestigious and physicists as individuals attracted the society's attention. They became heroes of literature, theater, movies, press. This process was observed in many advanced countries. It was also typical for the former USSR of those times, although owing to special social circumstances it had acquired some particular forms. One such form was the creation of "Physical Art" traditions... The birth of these traditions is commonly associated with the appearance at MSU PhysFac in 1960 of a Student Humor Festival called "Birthday of Archimedes" (later "Physics Day") along with a comic buffoonery opera "Archimedes" (authors - physicists and poets V. Kaner, V. Milyaev). However, MSU physicists consider the "Physical Art" traditions to have started earlier. Here are some remarkable milestones: In 1932 the well known "Faust" jocular opera and in 1935 the special issue of the "Jocular Physics" journal were written by some eminent physicists in connection with the 50th birthday of Niels Bohr."The present 1955-volume contains numerous very funny contributions by physicists around Bohr, all based on physics humour, physics word-games etc. We have for instance "A Voyage to Laplacia" by L. Rosenfeld, a "Confidential" report "Standardization of (physics) Papers" by J. Lindhard,"Broken English" by H.B.G. Casimir ("There exists today a universal language that is spoken and understood almost everywhere: it is Broken English. I am not referring to Pidgin English a highly formalized and restricted branch of B.E. but to the much more general language that is used by waiters in Hawai, prostitutes in Paris and ambassadors in Washington, by business-men from Buenos Aires, by scientists at international meetings and by dirty-postcard-peddlers in Greece, in short honourable people like myself all over the world..." (p. 14), aphorisms (like: "One Bohr can answer more questions than 10 philosophers can ask", ""I will have to sleep on that" the physicist said, he lay down on the floor", etc.), "A Remarkable "V-event"" by M. Sheep, "The Heart on the other Side" by G. Gamow (""But father will never give his consent... He is looking for a son-in-law who can help him in his business, and eventually take it over. You can't possibly qualify for that, can you?" "No, I guess I can't," agreed Stan Situs sadly. "I cannot possibly see how the kind of mathematics I am doing or, in fact, ANY kind of mathematics can help the production and selling of shoes..."), the poem "The Atom that Bohr Built", etc. The "Journal of Jocular Physics" is an important document portraying both one of the main physical centres of this physically important period and how one of the greatest scientific minds of the 20th century was viewed by his students and collaborators - as being not only brilliant in his field of research but also as a funny, likeable and sympathetic person. See also:Gino Segrè. Faust in Copenhagen. A Struggle for the Soul of Physics and the Birth of the Nuclear Age."Pimlico, 2008.George Gamow. Thirty Years that Shook Physics. The Story of Quantum Theory. New York, 1966.

Paris, Peignot, 1913. 4to. Uncut and unopened in the original wrappers. With tissue-guards. Apart from minor tear to hinge at bottom, near mint condition. Nr. 17 of 100 copies, one of only 15 copies on Japan-paper. "Le present Exemplaire, qui porte le no 17, est un des quinze exemplaires sur Japon Imperial, renfermant, autre les gravures terminées une Suite d'Etats." Comprising 15 original signed engravings, each with a suite, all in all 30 original engravings by the famous French painter and printmaker Bernard Naudin. Bernard Naudin (1876-1946) was the pupil of Léon Bonnat at the Beaux-Arts, Paris. He was successful as a painter, but he gave it up in1904 in order to concentrate on printmaking, for which he is now famous. His engravings for "L'Homme qui a perdu son ombre" are considered some of his finest works, and the book one of his scarcest.In all 100 copies were made, nr. 1 being a unique copy on "vieux Japon" (priced at 10.000 fr. at the time of appearance), Nr. 2-10 on "vieux Japon" (priced at 600 fr.), nr. 11-25 on "Japon" (priced at 500 fr.), and nr. 26-100 on Holland, with no extra suite (priced at 300 fr.).

Kopenhagen, Friedrich Brummer, 1801. 4to. Bound uncut in a nice recent half calf binding with gilt lettering to spine. With a few occassional brownspots but otherwise a nice copy. VIII, 172 pp. Rare first edition of the first 'modern' Nowegian work on mineralogy containing a list of minerals found in Denmark and Norway with tables of fossils listed by their componentscontaining including a survey of sites and minerals and an important source of early sites. Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher (1757 - 1830) was a Danish surgeon, botanist and professor of anatomy at the University of Copenhagen. Schumacher made noteworthy contributions to malacology, specifically focusing on molluscs, and provided descriptions for several taxa through his extensive research.

Rouen, David Ferrand & Thomas Dare, 1641. 8vo. In contemporary limp vellum with title in contemporary hand to spine. Small paper-label pasted on to upper part of spine. Light soiling and a few stains to extremities. Previous owner's inscription in contemporary hand to front free end-paper: "jamais un brave coeur ne fait / tort a personne / Pertrus Bartholomei Hanstein" (i.e. English: A brave heart never harms anyone, Pertrus Bartholomei Hanstein). His name is also inscribed in lower margin of title-page. A few small worm-tracts in outer margin, slightly touching text on the engraved half-title. (12), 890, (2) pp. + engraved half-title. The very rare second edition of Sieur de Saint-Lazare’s collection of dramatic baroque stories. It was first published in 1635 and both editions are rare. We have not been able to trace a single copy at auction of the first edition and only one copy of this second edition (Il Ponte 2024: 649-4). OCLC list one copy of the first edition (Accession no: 34496921) and none of this present second edition. “This work contains twenty-nine chronicles in which, as the author says on his title page, "se voyent plusieurs belles maximes d'Estat, & quantite d'exemples fort memorables, de constance, de courage, de generosite, de regrets, & repentances". The chronicles deal with outstanding figures and happenings in contemporary or recent history. We meet Henry of Navarre, Sultan Osman of Turkey, Wallenstein, the Duke of Buckingham, and other less well-known figures. The sixteenth story is that of "Catherine Royne de Georgie, & des Princes Georgiens, mis a mort par commandement de Cha-Abas Roy de Perse". (Leopold, Andreas Gryphius and the Sieur de Saint-Lazare: A study of the tragedy Catharina \Jon Georgien in relation to its French source). Not in Brunet, Graesse or Barbier.

Zagreb, Tisak Kr. zemaljske tiskare, 1922. 8vo. Partly uncut in the original printed wrappers. Wrappers with light wear a few nicks. Internally fine and clean. (4), (1)-165 Rare first appearance in Serbo-Croatian of Darwin's 'Journal of Researches' - being the only work of any of Darwin's translated into this language. The present translation was never completed, thus only the first part 1. The full translation was not made until 1949.In 1945 the decision to recognize Croatian and Serbian as separate languages was reversed in favor of a single Serbo-Croatian or Croato-Serbian language. Today, for political/nationalistic reasons, there is a general opposition to the concept of Serbo-Croatian as a common pool/family. "On its first appearance in its own right, also in 1839, it was called Journal of researches into the geology and natural history etc. The second edition, of 1845, transposes 'geology' and 'natural history' to read Journal of researches into the natural history and geology etc., and the spine title is Naturalist's voyage. The final definitive text of 1860 has the same wording on the title page, but the spine readsNaturalist's voyage round the world, and the fourteenth thousand of 1879 places A naturalist's voyage on the title page. The voyage of the Beagle first appears as a title in the Harmsworth Library edition of 1905. It is a bad title: she was only a floating home for Darwin, on which, in spite of good companionship, he was cramped and miserably sea-sick; whilst the book is almost entirely about his expeditions on land." (Freeman).Not in Freeman

Christianis, 1856. Samtidigt sort helshirtbd. m. folgyldt titel og forgyldt stredekoration på ryg. Kapitæler slidte og lidt pletter på permerne. Lidt svag i falsene. Nydelig indvendig. Kaja Colletts navnetræk på forsatsen. Den sjældne originaludgave af Ibsens anden bog.

Kjöbenhavn, Paa Forfatterens Forlag, 1831-33. Kvadratisk 8vo. Alle 6 hefter (tekstdelene + planchedelene) med originale stålstukne omslag, tekst på foromslagene, illustration på bagsiden. Opbevares i dertil indrettet bogæske med ryg og hjørner i skind. Rygforgyldning. Forgyldt titel. 48,48,38 pp. samt 25 + 25 + 25 håndkolorerede (75) kobberstukne plancher. teksthefterne med en del brunpletter, mest marginale. Originaludgaven - i et enestående bevaret eksemplar - af det fabelværk som er betegnet som den første egentlige danske børnebog da alle kobberne er af dansk oprindelse. Kobberne er udført af Bagge og for en stor dels vedkommende efter tegninger af Eckersberg. Teksten er oversat fra tysk efter bl.a. Gellert, Lichtwer og J.W.L. Gleim. Et fjerde hefte var planlagt således at der ialt skulle være 100 fabler med 100 kobberstik. Dette hefte udkom ikke, ligesom der ikke udkom noget fællestitelblad.Birkelund, 225. - Krohn, 1331.

København, Hans Kongel. Majests. privilegerede Bogtrykkerie, 1749. Folio (265 x 400 mm) Four parts uniformly bound in two full calf bindings with seven raised bands and richly gilt spines. Light wear to extremities, some scratches to boards and some of the gilt ornamentation to spine worn off. Lower compartment on spine of vol. 1 with repair. Top of title-page in vol. 1 with annotations in contemporary hand and small part of upper outer corner on title-page cut out, far from affecting text. A few leaves with contemporary marginal annotations, but an overall nice, clean and widemargined copy. (4), 10, 676; 677-1534, (1) pp. + 2 engraved frontispieces depicting Christian IV and Niels Slange. First edition of Niels Slange’s famous biography of Denmark’s arguably most renowned and legendary King, Christian IV – the work is in all aspects a masterpiece in Danish historical literature. Bibl. Danica III, 68.

Kjöbenhavn (Copenhagen), 1852. 4to. Original blue-green blank glitted gift-binding. Wear to spine with loss of paper, otherwise just a bit of wear to extremities. Internally a bit of occasional brownspotting. Stamps to title-page. 35 pp. First edition, off-print (separately paginated), presentation-copy, of Colding's major contribution to the development of the steam engine. The hand-written presentation on front free end-paper reads as thus: "Høivelbaarne/ Hr. General-Major Schlegel C. af D. pp./ med høiagtelse/ fra/ Forfatteren." [Honoured/ Mr. General v. Schlegel C. of D. pp. (honorary title)/ with high estimation/ from/ the author.].Ludvig August Colding is primarily remembered today for, together with Meyer, Joule, and Helmholtz, having determined the principle of Conservation of Energy. His final major contribution to this discovery consists in the publication of his elaborated experiments which once and for all determined the accuracy of his assumption (that no amount of energy gets lost, since what is apparently lost in energy will be found in other places or in different forms, e.g. heat) (1850). Two years after that seminal publication, he publishes his main contribution to the development of the steam engine, namely his "Investigation of the Water Steams and their Moving Power in the Steam Engine" (1850), which is obviously based on his determination of the principle of conservation and alteration of energy.Colding was a famous Danish engineer and physicist. He was originally educated as a carpenter but graduated as mechanical engineer in 1841. In 1845 he became water-inspector in Copenhagen and in 1847 he was also given the responsibility of the gas- and waterworks. Together with the famous chemist Julius Thomsen, he proved that the cholera spread throughout Copenhagen through the drinking water (1853) - a most significant discovery. After this he was responsible replacing much of the sewer-system of Copenhagen. In 1857 he became state engineer. He was also a member of the Academy of Sciences and honorary doctor at the University of Edinburgh.His work on the power of water-stem in the steam engine is considered one of his most significant.

Persia, probably around 1780-1800. 8vo. (150 x 110 mm). Bound in a contemporary traditional full leather binding with fore-edge flap. Boards and flap with gilt ornamentation. Wear to extremities and parts of gold decorations worn of. Written in Arabic/Persian in black ink, text framed in gold. A few leaves with marginal repairs. Light micsolouring throughout. 276 ff. Presumably lacking first and last leaf.

London, Richard and John Taylor, 1840. Contemp. hcalf. A nic to spine at upper hinge. Hinges weakening (not loose). Gilt lettering to spine "Philosophical Magazine" - Vol.XVII. In: "The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Conducted by David Brewster et al.". Vol. XVII. A stamp to titlepage and a few other pages. Entire volume offered. VIII,552 pp. Draper'spaper: pp. 217-225. First printing of the famous paper in which Draper relates how he was able to made the first photographic portrait on a daguerreotype plate, giving an ennormously long exposure. The subject of the portrait, Draper's assistant, powdered his face with flour and sat in front of the camera for a half hour facing the sunlight.Draper stated that it is possible to make portraits in full sunlight, using mirrors as light reflectors. "But in the reflected sunshine, the eye cannot support the effulgence of the rays. It is therefore necessary to pass them through some blue medium, which shall abstract from them their heat and take away their offensive brilliancy. Ihave used for this purpose blue glass, and also ammoniaco-sulphate of copper, contained in a large trough of plate glass, the interstice being about an inch thick." (p. 217 in the paper offerd)."Draper first achieved wide celebrity for his pioneering work in photography. As early as 1837, while still in Virginia, he had followed the example of Wedgwood and Davy in making temporary copies of objects by the action of light on sensitized surfaces. When the details of Daguerre’s process for fixing camera images were published in various New York newspapers on 20 September 1839, Draper was ready for the greatest remaining challenge, to take a photographic portrait. A New York mechanic, Alexander S. Wolcott, apparently won the race by 7 October. But if Draper knew of this, he persisted in his own experiments and succeeded in taking a portrait not later than December 1839. His communication to the Philosophical Magazine, dated 31 March 1840, was the first report received in Europe of any photographer’s success in portraiture. The superb likeness of his sister Dorothy Catharine, taken not later than July 1840, with an exposure of sixty-five seconds, seems to be the oldest surviving photographic portrait."(DSB).The volume contains also Michael Faraday's importent letter to Gay-Lussac on induction in the first English version. "On Magneto-electric induction.", pp. 281-89 a. pp.356-366. (Originally published in French in "Annales de Chimie et Physique" in 1832.

London, Francis and Taylor, 1919. 8to. (210x130mm). Pages 537-87 of volume 37 of 'The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, and Journal of Science'. Bound together (with title page and contents) in recent attractive marbled boards (Hanne Jensen). Leather title with gilt lettering on front board. A fine and clean copy. First printing of the first announcement of artificial transmutation and the discovery of the proton. By bombarding Nitrogen atoms with alpha particles Rutherford produced Hydrogen nucleus and Oxygen 17 - the first man made nuclear reaction. PMM 411, Norman 1873.

Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1753. 4to. Contemp. full motteld calf. Raised bands, richly gilt spine and with gilt lettering. Stamp on title-page. (2),VIII,288,(10) pp., 8 folded engraved maps and charts, 1 engraved vignette, 1 folded plate and 1 folded table. Internally clean, a few marginal brownspots. First edition. The work is in two parts; the first is an abridgement of his journal accompanied by charts; the second is devoted to his astronomical observations. It contained the most accurate hydrographic survey of the east coast that had yet been made, and the Ministry of Marine subsidized publication by taking 200 copies for its own use.Chabert marked himself out as a chef d'escadre during French involvement in the American War of Independence and was promoted to vice admiral in 1792. He was known above all for his scientific endeavours, notably in the rectification of naval charts of America's western coast and the coasts of the Mediterranean. He entered the Académie des Sciences in 1758 and the Bureau des Longitudes in 1803. In 1785, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences."Mr. Chabert's work is highly praised by the commission by the French Academy of Science to examine it, and it is recommended as a model to future navigators...." (Sabin).Sabin, 11723.

Bruxelles, Meline, Cons et Comp., 1841-42 (Text vol.]; Paris, Anselin, Gaeury & V. Dalmont, 1841 (Plates). Text volume: Royal8vo. Two volumes bound in one contemporary half calf. Library stamp pasted on to lower part of spine and library stamp to title page. Hinges with some wear but firmly attached. Internally very fine and clean. [Vol. 1]: (2), 575 pp; (4), 670 pp.Plates: Folio-oblong both bound in contemporary half calf, with gilt lettering to spine. Spine with wear and hinges loose. First plates with a 5 cm long tear. Plates are fine and clean with occasional marginal brown spots. 157 engraved plates. First edition of the first work on laminated timber engineering, being one of the most famous and influential books on the construction of timber roofing and large wood constructions in general. This is the first book since 1567 (De l'Orme. Le premiere tome dell'architecture) to deal with this subject in a scientific and analytical context. Emy's work was organized as a manual describing concrete working phases and procedures and avoiding the usual philosophical and ethic speculations on the reasons to build. He gave precise instructions on minimize wood usage, waste reduction in the workmanship and realization processes of architectonic elements, manufacture assembling speed and work site cleaning. "Armand Rose Emy's essay is one of the most interesting points of reference in the French and European cultural debate on timber construction [...]. Emy suggested a new wood coverage system inspired by the inventions of de l'Orme, architect and counsellor to the Court of King Henry II who wrote in 1561 Le nouvelles inventions pour bien bastir et a petit fraiz." (Mongelli. A New Wood Roofing System: Marac's Barracks and Colonel Armand Rose Emy's Innovative System)"The greatness of Emy's work, the precision and the correctness of his studies and the validity of his invention led Emy to realise many barracks using this roofing system. Photographs show that the Marac barracks was in existence until the 1960s. Today, he must to be remembered for another reason. [...], it is Emy who should arguably be seen as the true father of this technique, as can be seen by his the first careful reflections and experimentation using this type of construction. In fact, studying the Wiebeking's bridge realized at Bemberga, Emy had even evaluated the possibility of introducing the blood-albumen glue between the thin plates to strengthen his semi-circular arch." (Ibid.).

Halle, Max Niemeyer, 1913 + 1923. Ideen: 4to. Orig. full brown cloth w. gilt spine. Professionally rebacked preserving almost all of the original back. A bit of repaired wera to capitals and hinges. Marginal notes and underlinings throughout, all in pencil, otherwise nice and clean. VIII, 323, (1) pp. Sachregister: 4to. Unbound, no wrappers. Uncut. A bit of brownspotting. 60 pp.(2), The scarce first edition, off-print, of Husserl's second main work, his seminal "Ideas", which constitutes the founding text of Constitutive Phenomenology and the work, in which Husserl introduces his groundbreaking notion of "epoché". It was due to this work that he was able to secure himself the position as Professor in Freiburg (from 1916-1928). Also present is the first edition of the rarely seen subject index to the "Ideen" by Gerda Walther.Although the work is called "Ideen I", there is no doubt as to its status as a separate work. Husserl did not publish his Ideen II and III in his lifetime, and they were only published posthumously, both in 1952. They have had none of the impact that the "Ideen I" had, and they are considered to be works in their own right too, although much less interesting.When Husserl published his "Logical Investigations" in 1900-1901, he changed the face of philosophy and founded the new philosophy of the 20th century: Phenomenology. In the Logical Investigations, Husserl began by attacking Psychologism and then went on to introduce his new philosophical method, which only then saw the light of day, and which only becomes fully developed later on. In 1900-01 he asks the question of the essence of the matter of perception as opposed to the form of perception. In his "Ideen", he extends his scope to include philosophy of the natural sciences, and he reflects thoroughly on the method of transcendental phenomenological epohé and reduction. He thus takes a new turn on conscious life and the pre-given status of it. This can no longer be accepted as something that exists in the world as the final guarantee for the world and the positive sciences of it. We must distinguish between the act of consciousness and the phenomena at which it is directed, in order to study the very structure of consciousness. All assumptions about the existence of the external world must be suspended, in order to achieve knowledge of the essences. It is this procedure that Husserl calls "epoché", and the constitutive phenomenology, which is founded in this work, is something that comes to characterize the rest of Husserl's works.Husserl is now famous as the father of phenomenology, and he decisively influenced the likes of Heidegger, Sartre, Carnap, Merleau-Ponty, Levinas, Ricoeur, Derrida etc. etc.

Geneva, Excudebat Eustathius Vignon, 1573 [Mercier] (+) Tiguri (Zürich), Cambieri, 1602 [Moller]. Folio (320 x 220). In contemporary limp vellum with yapp edges. Title in contemporary hand to spine and small paper-label pasted on to spine. Wear and soiling to extremities, two small holes to back board. Internally very fine and clean. (2), 168, (6); (20), 236 ff. An interesting sammelband consisting of two works respectively on commentaries on the biblical books of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Solomon (Mercier) and a commentary on the Prophet Isaiah (Moller). Heinrich Moller (also spelled Möller) was a German Lutheran theologian and historian who lived from 1530 to 1589. He is primarily known for his works in church history and theology, particularly his comprehensive chronicle of the Reformation era titled "Historia Sacra ex Novo Testamento" (Sacred History from the New Testament), published in 1580. This work provided a detailed account of the history of Christianity from the time of Christ to the end of the 16th century, focusing on the Protestant Reformation and its key figures. Moller's writings were influential in shaping the historical narrative of the Protestant movement during his time and beyond. Jean Le Mercier (also known as Johannes Mercerus) was a French Calvinist theologian and Hebraist who lived during the 16th century. Le Mercier was known for his expertise in Hebrew language and biblical studies. He served as a professor of Hebrew at the University of Heidelberg in Germany and later at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. Le Mercier is best known for his scholarly works on the Old Testament, particularly his commentaries on various books of the Bible, which were highly regarded for their depth of analysis and linguistic insights – the present work being a fine example of this.

New York, McClure, Phillips & Co, 1904. Original pictorial full cloth in red, green and black, depiCting kings and a cabbage head on the front board. Binding with minor wear to extremities. With a red cloth dust-jacket with gilt green title-label (original?). Dust-jacket with a bit of wear to capitals and corners and its title-label with very minor loss, far from affecting lettering. With the large book-plate of Darryl Zanuck (laid in loose). First edition, first issue ("Mc Clure/ Philips/ & co" to bottom of spine) - with an excellent provenance - of this classic work, which coined the term "banana republic", a term that came to greatly influence our view of Latin America and which is now used in everyday vocabulary throughout the Western world. "Violent, poor and politically wobbly, Honduras meets most people's definition of banana republic... Its murder rate is the highest in the world; its economy in a pickle. Its problems are not new: the turbulent country has the dubious honour of being the place that first inspired the description "banana republic" more than a century ago... It was coined in a 1904 book of fiction by O. Henry, an American writer. Henry (whose real name was William Sydney Porter) was on the run from Texan authorities, who had charged him with embezzlement. He fled first to New Orleans and then to Honduras where, staying in a cheap hotel, he wrote "Cabbages and Kings", a collection of short stories. One, "The Admiral", was set in the fictional land of Anchuria, a "small, maritime banana republic". It is clear that the steamy, dysfunctional Latin republic he described is based on Honduras, his jungle hideaway. Henry eventually returned to the United States, where he spent time in prison before publishing his short stories and then hitting the bottle, leading to an early death. (T.W. in The Economist, Nov. 2013). O. Henry's phrase is appropriate in all senses of the expression. First, of course, it conjures up the image of a tropical, agrarian country. But more importantly, it refers to the influence of the American fruit companies of the period, which came to exercise an enormous influence over the countries in the region. In the early twentieth century, the United Fruit Company, a multinational American corporation, was instrumental to the creation of the banana republic as an economic and political phenomenon of geopolitics. Together with other American corporations - with occasional political, diplomatic, and military support from the U.S. government - the corporations created the political, economic, and social circumstances that established a banana-republic culture for the colonial exploitation of Central American countries such as Honduras and Guatemala. Thus, as the meaning of "banana republic" generally describes a politically unstable country in Latin America, dependent on the exportation of a limited-resource product, like bananas, it could also be defined as "a country in which foreign enterprises push the government around" (The Economist). The term "babana republic" is not only used as part of a general vocabulary, it is also used specifically in political science and in economic science. _________________________Darryl Francis Zanuck (1902 - 1979) was an American film producer and studio executive; he earlier contributed stories for films starting in the silent era. He played a major part in the Hollywood studio system as one of its longest survivors. "Darryl F. Zanuck was undoubtedly one of the most remarkable men ever to become a Hollywood mogul. " (IMDb)

Frankfurt & Leipzig, Nicolai Förster, 1709. Folio (355 x 235 mm). In contemporary full calf with four raised bands. Wear to extremities, top of spine missing leather, scratches to boards, missing part of leather. Frontispiece partly detached but otherwise internally fine. (14), 224, (16) pp. + frontispiece and 18 engraved plates and numerous engravings in text. First edition of this rare early work on sigillography, describing and illustrating royal, ecclesiastical and nobel seals. Both authority, etymology, use, synonymy, materials, colors, figures, registrations ect. is thoroughly described.Heineccius built upon the epistemological framework set out by Mabillon who laid the foundations for the scientific study of original documents, including paleography and sigillography in his De re diplomatica libri VI (1681). Brunet and Graesse both list the second edition (1719) but not the present first edition.

København, Rasmus Naver, 1939. Uncut in the original printed wrappers illustrated by Arne Ungermann. With Ditlevsen's presentation inscription to Danish author Tom Smidth to front free end paper: "Til Tom Smith / paa Bryllupsdagen (min) / Venligst fra / Tove Ditlesen / 29/3-40" (i.e. English: "For Tom Smith / On the weddingday (mine) / Kindest / Tove Ditlevsen 29/3-40"). Light wear to extremities, boarders of boards slightly browned and spine-ends chipped, otherwise a very nice and clean copy. 63 pp. The rare first edition, here with a most interesting presentation-inscription to her publisher, of Ditlevsen’s seminal debut publication. Allegedly, she only gave away ten presentation copies of her debut publication, making them of the utmost scarcity. Tom Smidth (1887 - 1942) was a Danish author and poet. Ditlevsen gave him the present copy just two year before he passed away and in 1944 she wrote in the Danish newpaper Politiken a most loving review of Smidth's famous "Vild-Hvede" The collection consists in 32 poems that range widely from the broodingly sad, over deeply unhappy to the almost cheerful. They represent the mind of a young girl and what goes on in it, a young girl whose life was to be marked by anxiety, drug addiction, and repeated suicide attempts. Ditlevsen is considered one of the most important and unique voices in twentieth-century Danish literature and many of the themes she touches upon ring a universal bell. Her works are particularly valuable as they dramatize the consequences of locking women into marriage, into the roles of wife and mother. Ditlevsen's writing has had a lasting impact upon Danish literature, and her works continue to be read and studied for their candid and emotional exploration of the human condition. Her life and writing remain highly important subject matters for those interested in Scandinavian literature and the confessional literary tradition. In 2021, The New York Times, The New Yorker, and The Guardian elected Tove Ditlevesen's recently translated "The Copenhagen Trilogy” as book of the year and celebrated Ditlevsen as one of the most important authors in 20th century literature.

Leipzig, S. L. Crusium, 1781. 4to. Bound uncut in a nice recent cardboard-binding with red leather title-label to spine with gilt lettering. Title-page partly detached. Occassional brownspotting throughout. XII, LXXXIII, (1) pp. Rare first edition of Hindenburg's paper on combinatorics, which partly earned him the title as "founder of the combinatorial school" (DSB) in Germany. Combinational mathematics was not new at that time: Pascal, Leibniz, Wallis, the Bernoullis, De Moivre, and Euler, among others, had contributed to it. Hindenburg and his school attempted, through systematic development of combinatorials, to give it a key position within the various mathematical disciplines. "Combinatorial consideration, especially appropriate symbols, were useful in the calculations of probabilities, in the development of series, in the inversion series, and in the development of formulas for higher differentials. The utility led Hindenburg and his school to entertain great expectations: they wanted combinatorial operations to have the same importance as those of arithmetic, algebra, and analysis. They developed a complicated system of symbols for fundamental combinatorial concepts, such as permutations, variations, and combinations." (DSB)

Kopenhagen, 1837. 8vo. Uncut in the original printed wrappers. A very light damp stain to hinges and spine cracked vertically down the middle, but still tight and cords intact. An excellent clean and fresh copy. (4), 108 pp. Scarce first German edition of this milestone publication, which laid the foundation of modern archaeology and transformed it into an exact science. With this seminal publication, Thomsen was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods, and with it he became the originator of the three-age system (the division into Stone Age - Bronze Age - Iron Age), which is "the basic chronology that now underpins the archaeology of most of the Old World" (Rowley-Conwy: From Genesis to Prehistory, p.1). This foundational work altered our understanding of our world and our place in it and contains the first use of "culture" in an archaeological context."Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, (born Dec. 29, 1788, Copenhagen, Den.-died May 21, 1865, Copenhagen), Danish archaeologist who deserves major credit for developing the three-part system of prehistory, naming the Stone, Bronze, and Iron ages for the successive stages of man's technological development in Europe. His tripartite scheme brought the first semblance of order to prehistory and formed the basis for chronological schemes developed for other areas of the globe by succeeding generations of archaeologists." (Encycl. Britt.).Up until the beginning of the 19th century, our understanding of antiquities had been very loose and fumbling. Studying the artifacts, earlier archaeologists had used a great deal of imagination, especially when adapting information from written sources to the objects. Only when Thomsen enters the scene, this approach changes. He is the first to focus the investigation upon the artifacts themselves. Quickly realizing that this approach must be the only way forward, he soon distinguished clearly between objects, both similar and different, and established what belonged together in time and where there were chronological differences. He was among the first to differentiate between history that could be studied through written sources and prehistory which could only be studied through material culture. He realized - as the first - that in order to interpret findings of prehistoric objects, one would have to know their source and the context in which they were found - thus establishing the foundation for modern excavation technique. He trained the great archaeologist J.J.A. Worsaae and sent him on excavation expeditions to acquire artifacts for ethnographic museum that he had founded and thus also founded Danish archaeology. Thomsen was the first to perceive typologies of grave goods, grave types, methods of burial, pottery and decorative motifs, and to assign these types to layers found in excavation, thus combining our different sources of knowledge to establish certainty. When, in 1836, the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries published Thomsen's illustrated contribution to "Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology" (i.e. the present publication), in which he put forth his chronology for the first time, together with comments about typology and stratigraphy, Thomsen already had an international reputation. But this publication gave him more than that - it made him the founder of modern archaeology and arguably the most influential archaeologist of all times. In 1816 Thomsen had been appointed head of "antiquarian" collections, which later developed into the National Museum of Denmark. It was while organizing and classifying the antiquities for exhibition that he discovered how much more sense it would make to present them chronologically, and so he did, using what is now known as the "three-age system". Proposing that prehistory had advanced from an age of stone tools, to ages of tools made from bronze and iron was not in itself a novel idea, but no previous proposals allowed for the dating of artifacts (which Thomsen's system did for the first time) and they were all presented as systems of evolution. Refining the idea of stone-bronze-iron phases, Thomsen turned it into a chronological system by seeing which artifacts occurred with which other artifacts in closed finds. In this way, he was the first to establish an evidence-based division of prehistory into discrete periods. It is this seminal achievement that led to his being credited as the originator of the three-age system.He provided for the first time a solid empirical basis for the system that ever since the present publication has laid at the foot of all archaeological research. He showed that artifacts could be classified into types and that these types varied over time in ways that correlated with the predominance of stone, bronze or iron implements and weapons. In this way he turned the Three-age System from being an evolutionary scheme based on intuition and general knowledge into a system of relative chronology supported by archaeological evidence."His published and personal advice to Danish archaeologists concerning the best methods of excavation produced immediate results that not only verified his system empirically but placed Denmark in the forefront of European archaeology for at least a generation. He became a national authority when C.C Rafn, secretary of the Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab ("Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries"), published his principal manuscript in "Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed" ("Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology") in 1836."This groundbreaking publication was immediately translated into German (published the following year, 1837), in which form it reached a wide audience, influencing the archaeologists of all of Europe. In 1848, it was published in English and became highly influential on the development of archaeology theory and practice in Great Britain and the United States.In 1849 Thomsen founded the world's first ethnografic museum, which continued to contribute significantly to the development of modern archaeology."Throughout the course of the nineteenth century growing amounts of archaeological material were being recovered as the vastly expanding engineering activities of the Industrial Revolution were transforming Central and Western Europe into the "workshop of the world." Indeed, much of the popular appeal of archaeology in early Victorian times lay in its seeming demonstration that this contemporary technological advancement, which both intrigued and delighted the middle classes, was no mere accident but the acceleration of a tendency for "progress" which was innate in humankind. This evidence that cultural evolution as opposed to degeneration from an original state of grace had been a significant feature of human history made archaeology pre-eminently a science of progress. Within the context of the history of the discipline, however, the birth of this "scientific archaeology", as distinct from the antiquarianism of earlier times, is generally associated with the unfolding of the "Three Age System" and the pioneering work of C.J. Thomsen.While in the past a few archaeologists had attempted to subdivide prehistoric materials into various temporal segments, it was Thomsen who first envisaged, and applied, on the basis of archaeological evidence, a systematic classification of antiquities according to the criteria of material use and form which could be correlated with a sequence of temporal periods: the Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron, familiar to every student of archaeology for the last hundred years. The novelty of this approach, however, did not lie in the concept of technological development gleaned from his familiarity with the conjectural history of the Enlightenment, or in his assumption of a sequence of Stone, Bronze, or Iron Ages, itself a variation of Lucretius' popular model. Rather, it lay in his employment of "seriational principles" acquired from his extensive knowledge of numismatics, which he used to combine evidence concerning technology, grave goods, along with the shape and decoration of various artefacts into an internally consistent developmental sequence. Though Thomsen's Museum of Northern Antiquities in Denmark had arranged its collection of artefacts in accordance with this new system as early as 1819, the first written account of his research was not set out in print until the "Ledetraad til Nordisk Oldkyndighed" ("Guide Book to Northern/Nordic Antiquities") was published in 1836. While prior to Thomsen's work, thinking about antiquities in both Europe and the United States bas both intellectually fragmented and essentially speculative, the publication of the "Ledetraad" and its translation into German a year later unified archaeological studies by providing scholars with an exemplar or "paradigm". For, while previously antiquarians and indeed classical archaeologists, who were interested in what are now recognized to be prehistoric remains, tended to look to written records and/or oral traditions to provide a historical context for their finds, it was Thomsen who liberated archaeologists from this restrictive assumption through the creation of a carefully controlled chronology which allowed for the comprehensive study of those periods in history for which NO written records were available. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Thomsen's system established itself as THE system, as his basic classification of artefacts, arranged in periods by virtue of an analogy with the form and function of tools in his own day, was modified an elaborated upon by, among others, Worsaae, de Mortillet and John Lubbock." (D.A. Nestor: Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity, pp. 46-48).