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K., 1843-1845. Lidt senere sort hldrbd. Nedre kapitæl lidt stødt. Gennemgående vandskjold. (IV)+52+62+84+59+70+111pp. Originaludgave. Himmelstrup 85.

Leibzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1907. 8vo. In contemporary full cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In "Annalen der Physik", Vierte Folge, Band 23. Entire volume offered. Ex-libris pasted on to top right corner of pasted down front free end-paper. Light rubbing to extremities, a very fine and clean copy (not an ex-library copy). Pp.371-384. [Entire volume: VIII, 1000 pp. + 4 plates]. First edition of the first explicit statement of Einstein's landmark energy-mass equation E=mc2.Nearly all descriptions of Einstein's scientific work state that the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2 was first formulated in Einstein's 1907 review paper 'Über das Relativitätsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogenen.' published in 'Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik' (see Weil no. 21 and Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 4 pp.323 for examples). However, in his paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie' [the offered paper] which predates the former mentioned by six months, Einstein gave a clear statement of the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2. See Lanczos: The Einstein Decade, pp.149-150 and 153 as well as Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.Einstein's first paper regarding the relation E=mc2 is his fourth 1905 paper, 'Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?'. In this short paper Einstein showed that a body releasing the energy E in the form of radiation will have its mass decreased by E/c2, and concluded that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content, e.g., that all energy has mass. The next time Einstein returns to the subject is in his 1906 paper 'Das Prinzip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunkts Bewegung und die Trägheit der Energie.'. Here Einstein concluded that one must either ascribe the inertial mass E/c2 to any form of energy E or else give up the fundamental law mechanics regarding conservation of the motion of the center of gravity. Then finally in the 1907 paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie.' [the offered paper] Einstein makes the decisive step of assuming that all mass has energy. On page 382 Einstein considers the total energy of a moving mass point as the sum of its kinetic energy and its rest energy. In classical mechanics it is most convenient to set the second term to zero but in relativistic mechanics one obtains the simplest expression by setting the rest energy equal to mc2. Einstein then continues to show that this stipulation cannot lead to a contradiction in any relativistic argument. In a footnote on page 382 Einstein states for the first time the equation E=mc2 and mentions that this equation is the expression of the principle of the equivalence of mass and energy - see Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.The volume contains another paper by Einstein "Bemerkungen zu der Notiz von Hrn. Paul Ehrenfest: "Die Translation deformierbarer Elektronen und der Flächensatz"", pp.206-208. - Weil No. 18.Collected Works, Doc. 45. Weil 19. Boni 19.

Leiden, Joannis Maire, 1653 - Amsterdam, Ioannes Blaeu, 1650. 4to. One contemp. full vellum. Contemp. handwritten titles (weak) to spine. First title in red/black with large engraved titlevignette. (8),154,(1) pp. (Ars Historica 1653) - (16),94,(14) pp. (Grammatistice etc. 1650) - (8),83,(15) pp. (De Philologia, 1650) - (16),467,(33) pp. (De Universae Mathesios..., 1650). Fine and clean. First edition of "De Qvattuor Artibus..." (which includes "De Universae Mathesios" with separate titlepage) and second edition of "Ars Historica"The mathematical work: Poggendorff II, 1235. "de Mathesios.": "According to prof. Cantor, (it) is the first history of mathematics in its widest sense". Honeyman Coll., 3081.

London, Taylor and Francis, 1867. 4to. Extracted and rebound in recent green plain wrappers. Title-page of vol. 157 pasted on to front wrapper. A fine copy. Pp. 49-88. First appearance of this seminal paper (in its full version from "Transactions"), representing the announcement of Maxwell's final "Theory of Gases" and introduces the "Maxwell Distribution" in its final form, a statistical means of describing aspects of the kinetic theory of gases, a theory, together with his electromagnetic theory, are considered to be SOME OF THE GREATEST ADVANCES IN PHYSICS OF ALL TIMES. Everett considers this paper (1868) to be Maxwell's greatest single paper. Maxwell's discoveries laid the foundations of special relativity and quantum mechanics.One of Maxwell's major investigations was on the kinetic theory of gases. Originating with Daniel Bernoulli, this theory was advanced by the successive labours of John Herapath, John James Waterston, James Joule, and particularly Rudolf Clausius, to such an extent as to put its general accuracy beyond a doubt; but it received enormous development from Maxwell, who in this field appeared as an experimenter (on the laws of gaseous friction) as well as a mathematician.In 1866, he formulated statistically, independently of Ludwig Boltzmann, the Maxwell-Boltzmann kinetic theory of gases. His formula, called the Maxwell distribution, gives the fraction of gas molecules moving at a specified velocity at any given temperature. In the kinetic theory, temperatures and heat involve only molecular movement. This approach generalized the previously established laws of thermodynamics and explained existing observations and experiments in a better way than had been achieved previously. Maxwell's work on thermodynamics led him to devise the Gedankenexperiment (thought experiment) that came to be known as Maxwell's demon.

Paris, Bossange Frères, 1823. 8vo. Completely uncut in the original printed wrappers. A bit of wear to spine and extremities, and internally a bit of light brownspotting, but overall a very nice copy in the rare and fragile original wrappers. VIII, 318 pp. The very rare first edition of the first French translation of the seminal main work by the co-founder of classical economics (together with Ricardo) and a main popularizer of utilitarianism James Mill. The work is considered the first textbook of Ricardian economics as well as the first popular exposition of the principles of classical economics. As such the work, and the important translations of it into the other main languages of Europe - French and German -, came to exercise a profound influence on later economis.The work originally appeared in English in 1821, and apart from the first edition, the present first French translation constitutes the most important edition of the work. "In Elements of Political Economy, James Mill describes his ideas (in the Schumpeterean sense) using economic thought and economic analysis. He uses examples of the Industrial Revolution (industry) and the agricultural industry surrounding England. The utilitarian economist, father of John Stewart Mill, discusses his theory of velocity of circulation of money, the interest from capital as the result of wages of labor (against Ricardian theory), and many other economic principles. James Mill historically writes "the aggregate of commodities, taken all together, there is neither fall nor rise" an issue later paraphrased by Karl Marx in his Das Kapital." (Review - from the 1999-edition of the work)."James Mill, (1773 - 1836), Scottish philosopher, historian, and economist. He was prominent as a representative of philosophical radicalism, a school of thought also known as Utilitarianism, which emphasized the need for a scientific basis for philosophy as well as a humanist approach to politics and economics. His eldest son was the celebrated Utilitarian thinker John Stuart Mill.... His Elements of Political Economy (1821), an especially precise and lucid work, summarizes the views of the philosophical radicals..." (British Encycl.).

Amsterdam, Marc-Michel Rey, 1766. Small 8vo. 2 contemp. full mottled calf. Raised bands, richly gilt spines, title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Light wear to top of spines. Stamp on foot of title-pages. X,(2),388;IV,207,(25) pp. and 1 large folded engraved map. A few marginal brownspots. First French edition of Mueller's "Nachrichten von Scoreisen, und zur See gemachten Entdeckungen, die von Ruszland aus laengstden Kuesten des Eiszmeeres und auf dem oestlichen Weltmeere gegen Japon und Amerika geschehen sind.", 1758. "It contains the original account of Captain Behring's Polar Expedition, and discovery of the strait which bears his name, and the western limits of North America. taken from the third volume of Müller's "Sammlung Russischer geschichte"... Since the rapid development of British Columbia and Alaska this importent book is becoming indispensably for the history of discovery and exploration in the Northern Pacific."(Sabin, 51286).

Kiøbenhavn, 1807-25. Small 8vo. Bound in 9 contemporary brown half calf bindings with richly gilt spines. Bindings with some wear, especially capitals and corners. Vol. 2 with part of spine glued back on. Some brownspotting. No engraving in vol. one (as otherwise mentioned on the title-page). Scarce complete run of all 9 volumes of the first edition of the fist Danish edition of Shakespeare's Tragic Works, containing the first editions of the first translations into Danish of several of Shakespeare's tragic works: Romeo and Juliet; Julius Caesar; Richard II; Henry IV; Henry V; Henry VI; Richard III; Coriolanus; King John; Henry VIII; Cymbeline; As You Like It. The first volume is in the very rare first printing (usually it is found in the second, revised edition from 1811). These nine volumes constitute the entire "Tragic Works", begun by the renowned Danish translator Peter Foersom, who finished the first four volumes and left part of the fifth in manuscript, when he died in 1817. After his death, P.F. Wulf continued the great task of translating Shakespeare's Tragic works into Danish, finishing the fifth volume and doing the last four on his own (1818-1825).The first four volumes contain:Julius Caesar; Hamlet; King Lear; Romeo and Juliet; Richard II; Henry IV; Henry V. Of these, the following have been translated and printed before: Hamlet (1777), King Lear (1790-92), but the rest of them are in the first Danish translations, first printings.Volume five consists in Henry VI, and volumes six to nine: Henry VI (continued); Richard III; Othello; Coriolanus; King John; Henry VIII; Cymbeline; As You Like It. Of these, the following have been translated and printed before: Othello (1792), Cymbeline (1792), but the rest of them are in the first Danish translations, first printings.The present translations of Shakespeare's works are considered the most important in Danish literature and became the standard version of the works. The first edition of these translations are quite scarce, especially all nine volumes together, and with the first volume in the first issue.(PMM 122 - first edition).

Ca. 1700-1850. Folio. (34x20 cm.). De 542 eksemplarer er opklæbet på 25 ark i et hefte på ca. 50 sider syet i ryg. Arkene er feltopdelt med fra 9-31 på hver og de fleste med håndskreven undertekst. Med varierende bevarelsestilstand. Seglene er i varierende størrelser og form - ovale, runde og kvadratiske - grønt, rødt, sort lak. En del af de adelige er antagelig ældre end 1700 - således forefindes Absalons store segl, dog i beskadiget udgave. Efter skrift og papir at dømme, er samlingen anlagt omkr. 1850. Samlingen omfatter følgende kategorier: Kongelige-fyrstelige segl: 24 stk. (bl.a. Fr. VI, Fr. VIII, Louis Philip af Frankrig, Caroline Amalie, Kurfyrsten af Hessen, Leopold II af Toscana, Chr. VIII m.fl.) - 2. Adelige segl, 275 stk (mest danske, men også svenske, norske, holstenere). - 3. Offentlige segl, 89 stk. (Universitetet, toldkamre, collegier, laugssegl, regimenter, konsulater, foreninger, retterne, stifssegl, rådsstuer etc.) - 4. Embedssegl, 27 stk. (præster, pastorater m.v.) - 5. Købstads-og Bysegl, 24 stk. - 6. Toldsegl, Toldkamre, 11 stk. - 7. Postsegl, 27 stk. - 8. Amter og Amtsstuer, 22 stk. - 9. Grevskaber-og Baronier, 20 stk. - 10. Diverse, 23 stk.

Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1857. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 45, No 22. Pp. (909-) 940. (Entire issue offered with titlepage and halftitle to volume 45). Pasteur's paper: pp. 913-916. A stamp to titlepage and verso of. First printing of this landmark paper (published in full the year after in "Mémoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des arts de Lille" and in "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" (1858)), marking Pasteur's commencement of the study of fermentation. The offered paper was read in extract on the Séance du Lundi 30 Novembre). Here Pasteur found that lactic acid fermentation is due to small corpuscles of yeast cells, and thus carried out by living bacteria. He hereby ended the long controversy with Liebig, who insisted that fermentation was a purrely chemical phenomenon that did not involve living organisms. THE MEMOIR IS CONSIDERED THE FOUNDING PAPER OF MICROBIOLOGY."Pateur's researches on fermentationm led him to the discovery of the bacteria and yeasts and hence to the germ theory of disease: FROM THIS ALL MODERN BACTERIOLOGY AND IMMUNIOLOGY DEVELOPED."(Garrison & Morton, note to 2472)."There (at the University of Lille) he became interested in the problem of France's importent wine industry. Wine and beer often went sour as they aged and millions of francs were lost as a result. Wasn't there some chemical to prevent this ? In 1856 a Lille industrialist turned to the famous young chemist and put the problem to him. Pasteur agreed to tackle the matter and turned to the microscope. He found almost at once that when the wine and beer aged properly, the liquid contains little speherical globules of yeast cells. When wine and beer turn sour, the yeast cells are elongated. Clearly there are two types of yeast, one of which produces alcohol (good) and the other lactic acid (bad). Pasteur was the first to show definitely that fermentation involves living organisms and that it is necessary to supply the correct organism to provide the correct type of fermentation."(Isaac Asimov).Dibner No. 198. (= the offered paper in Comptes Rendus). - Garrison & Morton 2472.

Paris, Ruault, 1785. Royal8vo (Bookblock: 247 x 147 mm). In a beautiful contemporary full red morocco binding (Anker Kyster) with gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Gilt borders to boards, inner gilt dentelles and gilt ornamentation to edges of boards. Single-line ruled fillets to boards and gilt oval shaped decoration centered on boards. All edges gilt. With very light occassional marginal browning. Leaf M8 and N4 with closed tear. Plate no. 2 with a few stains. An overall very nice large paper copy on véin. Half title with list of 12 booksellers and "Avis de l' Editeur" regarding a pirated Amsterdam edition on the verso. LI, (1), (1)-199, (2) pp. + 5 engraved plates by Lienard, Halbou und Lingee, from the illustrations by St-Quentin. The famous Kehl-edition (printed the same year as the original, also referred to as first edition, second issue – occasionally second edition), regarded as being the most beautiful and sought after early edition. Beaumarchais used it as a way to combat piracy and counterfeiting of his play and it became an object of great desire among 19th-century bibliophiles. The original edition appeared without illustrations and almost immediately, five plates were added, drawn by St Quentin and engraved, the present edition printed in Kehl, with the new Baskerville type used for Voltaire, features the same 5 illustrations drawn by St Quentin for the original, but larger, more beautiful and engraved (plate 1, 3 and 5) by Liénard, (plate 2) by Halbou, (plate 4) by Lingée. (See Tchemerzine). “Le Mariage de Figaro" is the second play in Beaumarchais' Figaro trilogy following “The Barber of Seville” and preceding “The Guilty Mother”. It is a political and social satire aimed at aristocratic privilege and advocating for liberty and social justice. It was initially banned by Louis XVI, only to become an symbolic work of the pre-revolutionary period in France. This Kehl edition is often seen as both a literary milestone and a masterpiece of 18th-century printing, representing Beaumarchais' genius as both a playwright and publisher. Tchemerzine II, p. 15PMM 230

(Paris, Gauthier-Villars), 1885 a. 1886. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 101 (No. 17), 102 (No. 9 + 15) a. 103. (No. 18). Titlepages to vol. 101, 102 a. 103. Pp. (765-) 848, (459-529), (835-) 886, (777-) 840. (Four entire issues offered). Pasteur's papers: pp. 765-772, 459-469, 835-838 a. 777-785.. A stamp to verso of titlepages. First printing of these groundbreaking papers in Immunology where Pasteur describes his rabies vaccine and the results he attained with it gave further proof of the value of attenuated virus as a protective inoculum against infective diseases in man and animals. THIS IS CONSIDERED PASTEUR'S GREATEST TRIUMPH (Garrison & Morton No. 2541)."The central problem in establishing a science of immunology was to discover methods of lowering the pathogenicity of the antigens while preserving their immunogenicity. In the case of smallpox (Jenner) this was done, according to the accepted interpretation, by utilizing strains accidentally attenuated through animal passage. In the present paper famous paper (the first paper offered), Pasteur shows how, for a disease of wide distribution among mammals, attenuation may be accomplished artificially."(Hall "A Source Book in animal Biology", pp. 528 ff.)."Pasteur revealed the enormous medical and economic potential of experimental biology. He himself developed only one treatment directly applicable to a human disease - his treatment for rabies - but his widely publicized and highly successful efforts on behalf of the germ theory were immediately credited with saving much money and many lives. It is for this reason above all that he was recognized and honored during his lifetime and that his name remains a household word." (DSB).Garrison & Morton No. 2541. - Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1885 H.

Paris, Moutard, 1786. 4to. Contemp. full sprinckled calf with 5 raised bands on spine. Richly gilt compartments, title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. A small nich to leather at middle of front hinge. A small tear to rear hinge at upper compartment. "Mémoires fe Mathematique et de Physique, Présentés à l'Academie des Sciences par divers Savans", Tome XI. (4),198,682 pp. Wide-margined, fine and clean. This collective work is the French Academy's monumental treatise on the chemistry and the production of Salpetre, a topic of great importence for the war-industry in making gunpowder. The volume contains papers by Macquer, Darcy, Lavoisier, Sage, Baumé, de la Rochefoucault, Clouer and an anonymous report on experiments made in England (CAVENDISH'S) on the composition of nitric acid....papers by Cornette, Thouvenel and Thouvenel, Le Lorgna, Gavinet and Chevrand, de Beunie, Romme, Clouet and Lavoisier, de Rochefoucault etc.(Partington III, p. 467 n)."The Regie des Poudres et Salpetres had the monopoly of refining salpetre from 1775 until it was suppressed during the Revolution. Until his retirement in 1791 the leading light in it was Lavoisier, who seems to have written its publications. - In 1775 the Academy offered a prize of 4000 livres for a process for procuring an abundant supply of salpetre,the announcement being written by Lavoisier. Altogether 66 papers were received and the prize was finally awarded in 1782 to the brothers Thouvenel, who gave a full account of nitre plantations. The material was published in 1786 in one volume by the Academy. In it Lavoisier describes 'Experiences sur la décomposition du nitre par le charbon' said to have been made in 1784..."(Partington III, pp. 466 ff.)."Peu de temps après que Lavoisier eut été nommé régisseur des poudres et salpêtres, il suggéra à Turgot, alors contrôleur général des finances, l'idée de charger l'Académie des sciences de décerner un prix au meilleur mémoire sur la formation du salpêtre. 'Académie nomma une commission dont Lavoisier fut le rapporteur ; c'est lui qui examina tous les mémoires présentés au concours, en fit l'analyse, et, quand l'Académie publia en 1786 un volume contenant l'histoire du prix du salpêtre et les mémoires présentés au concours, c'est encore Lavoisier qui en fut le rédacteur. Ce volume fait partie du Recueil des mémoires de mathématiques et de physique présentés à l'Académie royale des sciences par divers savants et lus dans ses assemblées (tome XI, contenant le Recueil des mémoires sur la formation et la fabrication du salpêtre, à Paris, de l'imprimerie Moutard, DCCLXXXVI). Sauf les mémoires des concurrents et un mémoire du duc de la Rochefoucault, ce volume est tout entier de la main de Lavoisier. Il est formé de deux parties ; la première est intitulée : Histoire de ce qui s'est passé relativement au prix proposé sur la formation du salpêtre ; la seconde partie comprend les mémoires présentés au concours ainsi que des mémoires de Lavoisier et Clouet, un mémoire sans signature, mais qui appartient à Lavoisier (le manuscrit autographe a été conservé), le mémoire du duc de La Rochefoucault, et les expériences de Lavoisier sur la décomposition du nitre par le charbon."

Stockholm, Lars Salvius, 1752-53 Folio. (33x22 cm) Stor helt ubeskåret eksemplar i orig. blødt, blankt papbind. rester af titelskrift på ryg. Kobberstukket frontispiece (= planche I). (12),100,(8),101-260. Med ialt 30 kobberstukne plancher (Nummererede II-XXIX, komplet og med det lille stik indsat ved p. 6)), de fleste store dobbeltsidede. 2 kort, hvor det sidste er kobberstukket gengivelse af 2 Ptolemaeus-kort fra 1513-udgaven, (planche XXIX. 33 x 43 cm.). Indvendig aldeles frisk eksemplar, uden pletter, trykt på skrivepapir. Blandt planchernme kan nævnes Kungsbacka, Varberg, Falkenberg, Halmstad, Laholm, Vinbergs, Holms og Getinge Kirker, Skottorp etc.Warmholtz, 610: ""Lycka var, at Döden ryckte pennan ur handen på Författaren, eljest hade Kronan blifvit belastad med ännu mera Maculatur" !

Savoy (London), Printed by Tho. Newcomb sold by Robert Boulter, 1679. Folio (370 x 245 mm). In contemporary full calf with six raised bands. Wear to extremities, corners bumped with loss of leather. Internally nice and clean. (18), 1123 pp. + frontispiece (lacking last 15 pp.). Rare first edition of the second collected folio of Reynolds works, according to Lowndes: “The best folio edition”. Reynolds was highly regarded as a preacher. “Many prized his written sermons and religious treatises. Collections of his works were first published in 1658 and 1679, followed by a complete six-volume edition in 1826.” (Beeke & Pedersen, Meet the Puritans) Edward Reynolds, bishop of Norwich, was born in Southampton in 1599. He was educated at Merton College, Oxford, where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1618. He became a fellow in 1620, due to his ability in Greek, debate, and oratory. Later, he received a Master of Arts degree (1624) and a Doctor of Divinity degree (1648) from Cambridge. “Reynolds was chosen dean of Christ Church College (1648-51, 1659) and vice-chancellor of the university (1648-50). From 1657 to 1661, he served as vicar of St. Lawrence Jewry, so he was again heard in London. After Cromwell’s death in 1658, Reynolds became a leader of the Presbyterian clergy. He preached to Richard Cromwell’s Parliament several times in 1659 and 1660, counseling that radical political and doctrinal opinions be suppressed but that differences on secondary issues be tolerated. At the Restoration, he and Edmund Calamy were appointed chaplains to the king.” (Beeke & Pedersen, Meet the Puritans). Lowndes IV, p. 2077.

Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1857. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 45, No 22. Pp. (909-) 940. (Entire issue offered with titlepage and halftitle to volume 45). Pasteur's paper: pp. 913-916. First printing of this landmark paper (published in full the year after in "Mémoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des arts de Lille" and in "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" (1858)), marking Pasteur's commencement of the study of fermentation. The offered paper was read in extract on the Séance du Lundi 30 Novembre). Here Pasteur found that lactic acid fermentation is due to small corpuscles of yeast cells, and thus carried out by living bacteria. He hereby ended the long controversy with Liebig, who insisted that fermentation was a purrely chemical phenomenon that did not involve living organisms. THE MEMOIR IS CONSIDERED THE FOUNDING PAPER OF MICROBIOLOGY."Pateur's researches on fermentationm led him to the discovery of the bacteria and yeasts and hence to the germ theory of disease: FROM THIS ALL MODERN BACTERIOLOGY AND IMMUNIOLOGY DEVELOPED."(Garrison & Morton, note to 2472)."There (at the University of Lille) he became interested in the problem of France's importent wine industry. Wine and beer often went sour as they aged and millions of francs were lost as a result. Wasn't there some chemical to prevent this ? In 1856 a Lille industrialist turned to the famous young chemist and put the problem to him. Pasteur agreed to tackle the matter and turned to the microscope. He found almost at once that when the wine and beer aged properly, the liquid contains little speherical globules of yeast cells. When wine and beer turn sour, the yeast cells are elongated. Clearly there are two types of yeast, one of which produces alcohol (good) and the other lactic acid (bad). Pasteur was the first to show definitely that fermentation involves living organisms and that it is necessary to supply the correct organism to provide the correct type of fermentation."(Isaac Asimov).Dibner No. 198. (= the offered paper in Comptes Rendus). - Garrison & Morton 2472.

Kjøbenhavn, 1845. Bound uncut with the original printed wrappers in a lovely marbled paper binding (August Sandgren) with gilt leather title label to spine. Front wrapper with small marginal professional paper restoration. An excellent copy with usual brownspotting. Scarce first edition, extremely rare with the original wrappers, of the first edition of the third "collection" of Andersen's second fairy tale-collection, containing five of his best fairy tales in the first printing - among them the cherished tales "The Red Shoes" and "The Shepherdess and the Chimney-Sweep ".The five famous fairy tales that all appear here for the first time are: Elverhøi (The Elf Mound), De røde Skoe (The Red Shoes), Springfyrerne (The Jumpers), Hyrdinden og Skorsteensfeieren (The Shepherdess and the Chimney-Sweep), Holger Danske (Holger Danske - Holger the Dane). BFN: 467 - 468, 469, 470, 471, 472.

Firenze, G. Barbera, 1877. 8vo. 2 vols. both in brown half cloth, the Franchetti-volume with paper title-label to spine. Light wear to extremities and internally with a few occassional brown spots. XI, (2), 489 pp; XVI, 476 pp. First edition of Sonnino and Franchetti's landmark work, constituting the very first description of the Sicilian Mafia and a seminal work in Italian anthropology and sociology in general.In 1876, Sonnino traveled to Sicily with Leopoldo Franchetti to conduct a private investigation into the state of Sicilian society. In 1877, the two men published their research on Sicily in a substantial two-part report for the Italian Parliament. In the first part Sonnino analysed the lives of the island's landless peasants. Leopoldo Franchetti's half of the report, Political and Administrative Conditions in Sicily, was an analysis of the Mafia in the nineteenth century that is still considered authoritative today. Franchetti would ultimately influence public opinion about the Mafia more than anyone else until Giovanni Falcone over a hundred years later. Political and Administrative Conditions in Sicily is the first convincing explanation of how the Mafia came to be."The situation in Sicily was at the centre of the political struggle: it was an electoral stronghold for the left, a scene for both great social tensions and an acute outbreak of crime. The was the context that Franchetti and Sonnino found when they went to Sicily to carry out their private enquiry, unfettered by the needs and relationships which could have conditioned the official enquiry. They visited the island in the first half of 1876 and then wrote the two volumes of the enquiry separately (Franchetti wrote about the political and administrative conditions, Sonnino about the peasants). In particular, Franchetti's volume gave rise to two crucial questions which marked (and, in part, still do) civil debates in contemporary Italy: The Southern questions and the issue of the mafia." (Coluccello, Challenging the Mafia Mystique: Cosa Nostra from Legitimisation to Denunciation).Franchetti saw the Mafia as an "industry of violence" and described the designation of the term "Mafia": "the term mafia found a class of violent criminals ready and waiting for a name to define them, and, given their special character and importance in Sicilian society, they had the right to a different name from that defining vulgar criminals in other countries". He saw the Mafia as deeply rooted in Sicilian society and impossible to quench unless the very structure of the island's social institutions were to undergo a fundamental change. The Franchetti-Sonnino report was attacked, disbelieved and labelled as 'unpatriotic'. It is now considered one of the most coherent and comprehensive accounts of the Sicilian mafia and its surroundings.(Govi, I Classici che hanno fatto L'Italia, P. 284)

Kiøbenhavn, Joh. Phil. Bockenhoffer, 1695. Samtidigt hellæderbind. Ryg med blindtrykte stempler. Titel ligeledes i blindtryk. Ryg med lidt krakeleringer. I kassette med skindforstærkninger. Kobberstukket titelblad med teksten 200 Viser... (Vedels inkluderet). Bogtrykt titelblad trykt i rød/sort. (48),783,(11 - Register) pp. Med navnetræk af tidligere ejere: P. von Gersdorf (øverst på det kobberstukne titelblad) og J.C.P. Wormskjold. Usædvanligt velbevaret eksemplar med nogle få svage skjolder og enkelte brunpletter. Contemporary full calf binding. Spine with blindstamped title and decorations. Leather on spine with cracks. Housed in slip-case with leather edges. Engraved title-page with the text "200 Vider..." (including those of Vedel). Printed title-page in red and black. Title-page with the ownership signatures of P. Gersdorf J.C.P. Wormskjold. Unusually well preserved copy with only minor vagie damp staining and very little brownspotting. (48), 783, (11 - Index) pp. Den yderst sjældne originaludgave, her tilmed i det egentlige førsteoplag idet der findes 3 forskellige tryk med samme årstal, de 2 med træstukket titelblad, hvor førsteoplaget (som her) har kobberstukket titelblad. Thesaurus (II,676) anfører, at de "to sidste er dog sandsynligvis først udkommet efter århundredskiftet". Et monument i dansk litteratur idet Peder Syv her viderefører Anders Sørensen Vedels Visebog. Exceedingly scarce first edition, in the even scarcer first issue, of this monument of Danish literature, folk tales, folk song, and story telling. Three issues appeared with the same year on the title-page; only the first issue has the engraved title-page. According to Thesaurus, the two other issues were presumably only issued after the turn of the century, even though the bear the printing date 1695. Peder Syv’s magnificent work collecting the songs narrating the tales about our kings, giants and other greats is one of the most important treasure troves of Danish and Scandinavian folk songs and tales. The work contains Anders Sørensen Vedel’s 100 songs, to which is added another 100 songs taken from manuscripts, fly leaves, and word-to-mouth, also preserving translations of skaldic epics that would otherwise have been lost. He also included a few contemporary poems, such as Laurids Kok’s “Danmark dejligst, Vang og Vænge, which is one of the most beloved songs about our country, printed here for the first time. The work was very popular and was reprinted several times in the 18th century. Thesaurus II,676. - Bibl. Danica IV,192.

København, (1888-1889). 4to (bd. 1-2) + 8vo (bd. 3). Indbundet alle tre original for- og alle tre originale bag-omslag i tre særdeles nydelige, ensartede halvlæderbind and brun maroquin (Erik Olsen). Omslagene til bd. 1 med professionelle restaureringer i kanter. De resterende fire omslag nydeligt opklæbet, med lukkede rifter (hvilket man dårligt lægger mærke til). Særdeles ren og frisk. Et usædvanligt smukt sæt med alle de originale omslag. Originaludgaven af dette banebrydende tidsskrift, hvor man i 2det Bind finder originaltrykket af den først publicerede del af en af den moderne litteraturs hovedværker, Hamsuns "Sult". Heri trykkes for første gang de berømte linier "Det var i den Tid, da jeg gik omkring og sultede i København", indledningen til den roman, der gjorde Hamsun berømt og til det værk, der indvarslede en ny litterær epoke i Europa. "Sult" kom først i bogform to år senere, i 1890, og det er med publikationen af denne del, at Hamsuns ry som en forfatter i verdensklasse bliver slået fast."Knut Hamsuns debutroman fra 1890 er en af de bøger, der har sat skel. Den har virket med til at forme et nyt menneskesyn og en ny skrivemåde. Hamsun hentede stoffet fra sine egne trængselsår, da han uden slægt og venner gik arbejdsløs i Kristiania og kæmpede mod skuffelser, nederlag og sult." (Johannes V. Jensen).Som 27-årig i 1886 blev Hamsun for anden gang reddet fra en sultende tilværelse og sendt til Amerika, denne gang til Chicago, hvor han bl.a. arbejdede som sporvognskonduktør. Da han blev fyret fra dette job og vennerne havde skillinget sammen til en billet hjem, tog Hamsun i forsommeren 1888 tilbage mod Norden, -men han stod ikke af i Kristiania, han tog skibet videre til København. Da han stod og så skibet sejle fra Kristiania, tænkte han på sine nederlag i denne by, og en af den nyere litteraturs vigtigste sætninger indfandt sig i hans hoved: "Det var i den tid, da jeg gik rundt og sultede i Kristiania", -kimen til et af det 20. århundredes litterære hovedværker var lagt, og Hamsun satte sig med det samme på den nærmeste skibskiste og begyndte at skrive. Påvirket af Nietzsche og Dostojevski sad Hamsun i sit loftsværelse på Nørrebro og arbejdede døgnet rundt på sit første mesterværk. Efteråret 1888 stod den første del af monumentalromanen "Sult" færdig, men da Hamsun ikke turde risikere en afvisning fra Danmarks førende kulturperson, Georg Brandes, opsøgte han dennes bror, Edvard, som var chefredaktør på "Politiken". Edvard Brandes fik således æren af at være den første, der anerkendte Hamsuns talent. Til den stærkt forhutlede forfatter sagde han som den første: "Der venter Dem en meget stor Fremtid!" og om det manuskript, han præsenterede ham for: "det var ikke bare talentfuldt som så meget andet, det var mere, noget, der rystede mig." Edvard Brandes var ikke i tvivl om, at dette manuskript skulle trykkes, og da det var for langt til at stå i "Politiken", blev det trykt i tidsskriftet "Ny Jord", og med ét kunne alle, der tidligere havde afvist Hamsun og hans tidlige litterære forsøg, se, hvor stor en forfatter, de havde at gøre med. De tre bind af "Ny Jord" giver et fantastisk indblik i den Nordiske tidsånd i slutningen af det 19. århundrede. Vi finder hér, ud over både førstetrykket af "Sult" og Hamsuns "Kristoffer Janson" ligeledes den første del af den første danske oversættelse af Nietzsches "Saaledes talte Zarathustra", diskussioner og oversættelser af Darwin, bidrag af Strindberg , Høffdings "Om vor Tid og dens Ungdom" etc, etc.

London, Sampson Low, 1878. 8vo. 2 volumes, both in publisher’s original dark brown pictorially decorated cloth, with an elaborate pattern depicting the continent of Africa in black with the Nile crossing it in gilt. Below, also in black, a scene depicting natives roving on a river. Title and author in gilt lettering to front boards and spines. Light wear to extremities, mainly to upper and lower part of capitals. 3 cm tear to lower part of front hindge on vol. 2, otherwise fine and clean. XIV, (2), 522; IX, 566, 32 (publisher's booklist, dated April 1878) pp. + 2 frontispiece portraits, 10 maps including 2 large folding maps in pockets at rear, 33 wood-engraved plates and many illustrations in the text. First edition of this landmark account, "One of the greatest journeys of all time" (Jeal, Life of Stanley, p.202), on the search for the sources of the Nile. This epic journey, lasting for over two and a half years completed the work of Burton, Speke and Livingstone. "The procession that departed from Bagamoyo (Tanzania) on 17 November 1874 stretched for more than half a mile and included dozens of men carrying sections of the Lady Alice, the boat named for his seventeen-year-old fiancée, with which Stanley intended to explore Lakes Victoria and Tanganyika and Livingstone's Lualaba River. During the next two and a half years, the expedition would struggle in temperatures reaching as high as 138 degrees; the powerful Emperor Mtesa of Uganda and the Wanyoro chief Mirambo would consume a great deal of Stanley's time and test his diplomatic skills; he would have to negotiate with a notorious Arab ivory and slave trader named Tippu-Tib for safe passage of his men through the great rain forest; and he and his men would fight more than thirty skirmishes and battles on land and water against hostile tribes.The geographic prizes Stanley achieved on this expedition were unparalleled. (See the two Stanley maps.) He spent almost two months circumnavigating Lake Victoria, confirming that the only outlet was at Ripon Falls and hence establishing for good, he thought, the source of the Nile. He scouted Lake Albert, then moved south and west to Lake Tanganyika, which he also circumnavigated, proving it had no connection with Lake Albert. Stanley then solved the remaining geographical puzzle, determining that the Lualaba was not part of the Niger or Nile rivers but ultimately flowed into the Congo. He reached the Atlantic Ocean on 9 August 1877, after a journey of more than seven thousand miles, in utter exhaustion. Back in London, he learned that Alice had not waited for him." (Delaney, Princeton Visual Materials, online). Mansell IV p. 379 Hilmy, II, p.258 Mendelssohn (1979) IV, p.379.

K., 1866-1995. 8vo. 1866-1912 indb. i to slags hldrbd. 1914-64 i hæfter og resten i orig. papbd. Mangler 3 årg.: 1880,1913,1934.

Sorøe, Jonas Lindgren, 1768. 4to. Samtidigt helldrbd. med ophøjede bind på ryg samt noget bleget rygforgyldning. Begge kapitæler slidt og med en smule tab af skind. Titel i skind med et lille tab. Revne i ene fals, men falsen er ikke itu. Udvendige brugsspor. LXX,804,(10) pp. 4 kobberstukne facsimiler i teksten, det ene på titelbladet. De første 10 blade med en brunplet i indre margin øverst. Ganske få brunpletter. Indvendig et godt eksemplar på trykpapir. Den oldnordiske tekst foreligger her med latinsk og dansk oversættelse. Originaludgaven af en af den oldnordiske litteraturs perler - fra omkring 1250 - der i dialogform mellem en fader og hans søn, skildrer det middelalderlige verdensbillede. - Finnur Jonsson anså Kongespejlet som Norges ypperste litterære bidrag, - Fiske I:325 - Klose: 6679.

Sorøe, Jonas Lindgren, 1760. 8vo. In contemporary full calf with five raised bands and gilt lettering and ornanamentation to spine. Light wear to extremities, especially spine and hinges. A few stains to back board. A few annotations to front free end-paper (Nygårds Katalog 1913 / Nr. 1042). Internally nice and clean. (8), 383, (1) pp. + 2 folded plates. Scarce first edition of this pioneering work considered true beginning of scientific ethnology and anthropology: “Kraft's book is the first general ethnology containing a description of the origin and development of society, economic life, religion, and arts” (Birket-Smith, The History of Ethnology in Denmark). “Actually, the first ethnologist in a modern sense was Jens Kraft (1720-65), who deserves a place of honour among the pioneers of cultural research by virtue of his little book (the present). Kraft was born in Norway, which at that time was united politically with Denmark, but after his father's untimely death he was educated in his uncle's house in Denmark, and here he was appointed professor of philosophy and mathematics at the early age of twenty-six. Urged by Rousseau's glorification of primitive man, Kraft wanted to depict the true history of humanity, and disregarding the nations of antiquity he started with the most "savage" peoples he knew, two tribes of South American Indians, the Lule and the Caigua. It makes no difference that his choice is not very fortunate, since these tribes are far from being on an especially low stage; the main thing is that his principle is indisputable The more you become absorbed in his queer little book, the more will the amazingly far-sighted and unbiassed view of the author compel your respect. Referring to the natives of America, he maintains, for instance, that among some peoples agriculture must be older than cattle breeding; usually it is Alexander von Humboldt who gets the credit for this discovery. In order to refute the idea that primeval man lived in a state of promiscuity Kraft mentions the fact that even among the higher animals we find something like married life, thus upholding the view of Westermarck 130 years later. He points out the authority of the women in certain societies and concludes " that the children have for the most part followed their mothers and considered themselves their natural possessions," and from this circumstance he derives matrilineal succession, in other words he anticipates Bachofen's famous discovery by a century. Kraft's book is the first general ethnology containing a description of the origin and development of society, economic life, religion, and arts. It was translated into German, and if it had been known to wider circles it might have been epoch-making. This did not happen. It is doubtful whether Kraft himself was aware of the importance of his work, and anyhow he died soon after in the prime of his life. Kraft was actually a hundred years ahead of his time. In Europe generally as well as in Denmark, physical anthropology and, later, archaeology nearly killed the tiny ethnological germ, and it was not till the middle of the 19th century that it grew to be an independent science. (Birket-Smith, The History of Ethnology in Denmark)

Leibzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1907. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt. Title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Slightly rubbed. In "Annalen der Physik", Vierte Folge, Band 23. VIII,1000 pp. a. 4 plates. (The entire volume offered). Einstein's paper: pp.371-384. A small stamp on titlepage (Gmelin.Institut.). Internally clean and fine. First edition of the first explicit statement of Einstein's energy-mass equation E=mc2.Nearly all descriptions of Einstein's scientific work state that the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2 was first formulated in Einstein's 1907 review paper 'Über das Relativitätsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogenen.' published in 'Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik' (see Weil no. 21 and Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 4 pp.323 for examples). However, in his paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie' [the offered paper] which predates the former mentioned by six months, Einstein gave a clear statement of the mass-energy equivalence E=mc2. See Lanczos: The Einstein Decade, pp.149-150 and 153 as well as Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.Einstein's first paper regarding the relation E=mc2 is his fourth 1905 paper, 'Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?'. In this short paper Einstein showed that a body releasing the energy E in the form of radiation will have its mass decreased by E/c2, and concluded that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content, e.g., that all energy has mass. The next time Einstein returns to the subject is in his 1906 paper 'Das Prinzip von der Erhaltung der Schwerpunkts Bewegung und die Trägheit der Energie.'. Here Einstein concluded that one must either ascribe the inertial mass E/c2 to any form of energy E or else give up the fundamental law mechanics regarding conservation of the motion of the center of gravity. Then finally in the 1907 paper 'Über die von Relativitätsprincip geforderte Trägheit der Energie.' [the offered paper] Einstein makes the decisive step of assuming that all mass has energy. On page 382 Einstein considers the total energy of a moving mass point as the sum of its kinetic energy and its rest energy. In classical mechanics it is most convenient to set the second term to zero but in relativistic mechanics one obtains the simplest expression by setting the rest energy equal to mc2. Einstein then continues to show that this stipulation cannot lead to a contradiction in any relativistic argument. In a footnote on page 382 Einstein states for the first time the equation E=mc2 and mentions that this equation is the expression of the principle of the equivalence of mass and energy - see Volume 2 of 'The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein' pp. 428.The volume contains another paper by Einstein "Bemerkungen zu der Notiz von Hrn. Paul Ehrenfest: "Die Translation deformierbarer Elektronen und der Flächensatz"", pp.206-208. - Weil No. 18.Collected Works, Doc. 45. Weil 19. Boni 19.

(Nürnberg, 1696). The large engraving of the procession through Stockholm being composed of 13 engraved plates joined together, measuring 30x450 cm. (Plates numb. 1-13). Some mostly marginal dampstains, some marginal tears, some brownspots mainly marginal. Upper margin of plate 3 partly gone. Margins strenghtened at verso with brown paper. Some variation to paperquality, but in general in good strong impressions. The procession gives a panoramic view through Stockholm with the Swedish battleships, salute-firing in the harbour. The engraving was published together with Pufendorf's work, De rebus a Carolo Gustavi gestis...Nürenberg, 1696. The procession was drawn by Erik Dahlberg who was an eyewitness and engraved by different engravers.