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(København, Tyge Nielsen), 1638 + Kiøbenhafn, Tyge Nielssøn, 1639. Lille 8vo. Indbundet sammen i et samtidigt helpergamentsbind. Permer med enkel blindtrykt rammedekoration. Bindet gulnet og kanter ved false med krakeleringer og sprækker. I: Her MANGLER fællestitelbladet. De 5 deltitelblade tilstede med trykåret 1638. (22),323,(9) pp. 8 blade omkantede. Nogle skjolder, brunpletter og brugsspor. - II: 221 pp. Sidste læg med rod i pagineringen. Sidste 8 blade omkantede. En del blade lettere kantflossede. Brugsspor. Lægebogen foreligger her i komplet stand undtagen fællestitelbladet. Den må betegnes som 3. udgaven, men er et nøjagtigt optryk af af udgaven fra 1635. - Bibl. Danica I,800. - Thesaurus II,741.Husholdningskalenderen foreligger her i komplet stand og er her stærkt forøget i forhold til udgaven fra 1633. Yderst sjælden i komplet stand. (Originaludgaven fra 1622 er gået tabt, der kendes kun et eksemplar af 2. udgaven fra 1631). Værket betegnes som den første vejledning i havebrug og landbrug af en dansk forfatter. - Bibl. Danica II,257. - Thesaurus II,739.Tyge Nielsen blev Norges første bogtrykker idet han 1643 flyttede trykkeriet til Christiania.

London, Robert Young, 1633. Folio. In contemporary full calf with five raised bands. Small paper-label pasted on to upper part of spine. Wear to extremities. Boards with scratches and a few wormholes, corners bumped and capitals chipped. Missing small part of leather on lower compartment. Vague dampstaining throughout and a few worm-tracts. Engraved title-page. (30), 345, (1), 351-416, 415-657, (1) + frontispiece. ‎Rare later English translation of Du Bartas exceptionally popular "La Semaine" and "Seconde semaine" and several miner poems. La Semaine became immensely popular and was quickly translated into most European languages. Du Bartas was extremely popular in early modern England, and was still being read widely in the later seventeenth century even as his reputation in France began to decline. La Semaine was first translated into English in 1598 (“No perfect copy know” Lowndes) and the present folio-edition which include several of his lesser popular work, was first published in 1605 and was reprinted six times up until 1641. All editions are scarce and are rarely found in the trade. “No other poem (besides those in the Bible itself) was read as widely as the Semaines were across early modern English and Scottish society. Based on references to Sylvester in print, Snyder believed that ‘Clearly everyone in pre-Restoration England who had received a literary education read the ‘Weekes’ ande almost all…. Admired it’. According to Gordon Braden, it was ‘probably the most popular vernacular poem in translation in early modern England’.” (Auger, Du Bartas' Legacy in England and Scotland). Lowndes II, p. 679

Paris, Billaine, 1669. 12mo. Uniformly bound in 15 contemporary full calf bindings with five raised bands and richly gilt spines. Edges of boards gilt. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Light wear to extremities, parts og gilting worn off and a few of the bindings with minor loss of leather to spine-ends. Vague dampstain in vol. 6, otherwise internally fine and clean. Nice set of the collected works of François de La Mothe Le Vayer, a French writer and philosopher. He was known for his skepticism and criticism of dogmatism in various fields, including religion, philosophy, and science. Le Vayer served as the tutor to the future King Louis XIV of France. Brunet III, 800

Lancaster, American Institute of Physics, 1939. Royal8vo. In the original green printed wrappers. In "The Physical Review", Volume 56, Second Series, Number 5, September 1. With cloth back-strip. A quire, affecting both papers, detached but without any loss of paper. A few minor tear throughout, far from affecting text. [Bohr & Wheeler:] Pp. 426-50. [Oppenheimer & Snyder:] Pp. 455-59. [Entire volume: Pp. 387-486]. First printing of two landmark papers, all of seminal importance in history of physics: The intricacies of the fission process, the groundwork for atomic and hydrogen bombs and the forgotten birth of black holes: The first theoretical description of a black hole, the production of a singularity when a sufficiently large neutron star collapses.Oppenheimer and Snyder's "ON CONTINUED GRAVITATIONAL CONTRACTION" constitute the very first theoretical prediction of a singularity when a sufficiently large neutron star collapses. This phenomenon was later to be coined as a black hole. "Had J. Robert Oppenheimer not led the US effort to build the atomic bomb, he might still have been remembered for figuring out how a black hole could form." (American Physical Society). The paper has by several physics historians been described as the forgotten birth of black holes. "Oppenheimer and his graduate student George Volkoff presented the first analysis of the formation of a neutron star in a 1939 Physical Review paper titled, "On Massive Neutron Stars". Oppenheimer wondered what would happen to a very massive neutron star. The Schwartzschild analysis of General Relativity has a theoretical limit, called the "Schwartzschild limit", when the ratio of mass-to-radius of a star is 236,000 times greater than the ratio for our sun. When this limit is exceeded, the Schwartzschild analysis does not yield a solution. Oppenheimer believed that a neutron star could have sufficient mass to exceed this limit. What would happen to it? Oppenheimer and his graduate student Hartland Snyder applied General Relativity theory to a star with sufficient mass and density to exceed the Schwartzschild limit. The Schwartzschild analysis assumed that the size of the star stays constant with time. Oppenheimer and Snyder found that they could achieve a real solution from General Relativity when the Schwartzschild limit is exceeded by assuming that the diameter of the star decreases with time. They presented their analysis in a 1939 Physical Review paper, titled, "On Continual Gravitational Contraction," which concluded with: "When all thermonuclear sources of energy are exhausted, a sufficiently heavy star will collapse. Unless fission due to rotation, the radiation of mass, or the blowing off of mass by radiation, reduce the star's mass to the order of that of the sun, this contraction will continue indefinitely." This analysis concluded that when the Schwartzschild limit is exceeded, the star must collapse indefinitely until it reaches a singularity having an infinite density of matter" (Bjornson, Singularity Predictions of General Relativity, P. 4).The Chandrasekhar / Eddington controvery in the mid 30ies did discuss the fate of neutron stars but the first thoroughly theoretical desciption was first published here. "THE MECHANISM OF NUCLEAR FISSION" is the first fully worked out theory of nuclear fission, which laid the groundwork for atomic and hydrogen bombs."Wheeler's technical mastery of physics is best seen in the classic paper of Bohr and Wheeler. Bohr and Wheeler wrote the paper in Princeton, where Bohr was visiting in the spring of 1939, a few months after the discovery of fission. The paper is a masterpiece of clear thinking and lucid writing. It reveals, at the center of the mystery of fission, a tiny world where everything can be calculated and everything understood. The tiny world is a nucleus of uranium 236, formed when a neutron is freshly captured by a nucleus of uranium 235. The uranium 236 nucleus sits precisely on the border between classical and quantum physics. Seen from the classical point of view, it is a liquid drop composed of a positively charged fluid. The electrostatic force that is trying to split it apart is balanced by the nuclear surface tension that is holding it together. The energy supplied by the captured neutron causes the drop to oscillate in various normal modes that can be calculated classically. Seen from the quantum point of view, the nucleus is a superposition of a variety of quantum states leading to different final outcomes. The final outcome may be a uranium 235 nucleus with a re-emitted neutron, or a uranium 236 nucleus with an emitted gamma-ray, or a pair of fission-fragment nuclei with one or more free neutrons. Bohr and Wheeler calculate the cross-section for fission of uranium 235 by a slow neutron and get the right answer within a factor of two. Their calculation is a marvelous demonstration of the power of classical mechanics and quantum mechanics working together. By studying this process in detail, they show how the complementary views provided by classical and quantum pictures are both essential to the understanding of nature. Without the combined power of classical and quantum concepts, the intricacies of the fission process could never have been understood. Bohr's notion of complementarity is triumphantly vindicated" (John Archibald Wheeler, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 154 (2010)).

Copenhagen, 1935-40. Large 4to. Bound in one nice solid hcalf. Text to each volume and 200 superb chromolithographed plates. Index practically bound separately in hcloth with titlelabel. This copy has belonged to the main collaborator N.F. Buchwald, bearing his name and exlibris. First edition. One of the technically finest chromolithographed books ever produced. More than a thousand species are described. The descriptions are brief because most specific details can be seen, and the author even recommends that they should be examined with a lens. - "Flora agaricina Danica...are both scientifically invaluable and superb examples of modern printing" (G.C. Ainsworth) - Nissen BBI:1132.

Erevan, Hayastani Petakan Hratarakch'ut'yun, 1963. Royal8vo. In publisher's full green cloth with gilt lettering to spine and front board. Light wear to extremities, primarily affecting spine. Inner font hinge split, otherwise a fine and clean copy. 591, (1) pp. + 2 plates. First printing of the exceedingly rare second Armenian translation of Darwin's landmark work. The first translation (translated by S. Sargsyan) was published in 1936 and both translations are of the upmost scarcity. Due to the relatively low number of people speaking Armenian (approximately 3 million in Armenia and 7 million outside) books in Armenian were printed in comparatively low numbers. This is one of the very few translations of "Origin of Species" of which Freeman has not listed the collation. This suggests that he never actually saw the copy but only read of it. Freeman 631.R.B. Darwin Online, F631.

London, for Tho. Collins and John Ford in Fleet-Street, and Will. Cademan and Th. Popes Head New-Exchange Strand, 1673. 8vo. In contemporary full sprinkled calf with five raised bands and gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Previous owner's name in contemporary hand to lower margin of title-page. Light occassional marginal browning and worm-tract to last 4 leaves. Overall a good copy. (6), 185 pp. With numerous typographical errors in pagination, but complete. Often referred to as the second edition of this rare collection of poems. No poet is listed by name, but John Sheffield, Marquis of Normanby, Charles Sedley, George Etherege, and Aphra Behn have been identified as authors. A shorter version in two parts had appeared the year before, so all though technically being a second edition, this version contains new material. These authors are all associated with the period of English literature known as the "Restoration Era" (1660-1700) and were influential figures in the literary and theatrical scene of late 17th century England.The period was marked by a resurgence of the arts, theater, and literature characterized by wit, satire, and exploration of social norms.

s'Gravenhage u. Dordrecht (vol. 4), Bouequet, Scheurleer, Blussé en Zoon, 1729-69. 4to. Bound in 4 contemporary half calf. Gilt backs. Engraved frontispiece, 2 engraved folded portraits, 41 fine engraved plates by Houbraken. Numerous engraved vignettes and other engravings in the text (R. Vinkeles, B. Picart etc.) Printed on good thick paper. This fine work exhibits the roccocco-style in all is aspects, both by is portraits by Houbraken but also in its numerous vignettes and textengravings by other famous artists.

(Cambridge, Mass.), 1936-37 8vo. Both works together in the original stapled wrappers (with "Testability and Meaning printed to front wrapper). Spine worn and very minor loss to extremities of front wrapper. Wrappers with minor soiling. All in all a nice copy. Pp. (419)-471 (+) 40 pp. Scarce off-print (both parts), Quine's copy, of the first printing of one of Carnap's most important contributions to philosophy and certainly his first major publication in English, in which he introduces semantic concepts. With W. V. Quine's ownership signature on the first page. Carnap's "Testability and Meaning" was published merely two years after Quine published his first book. According to Carnap, a statement is analytic if it is logically true. It is self contradictory if it is logically false. In all other cases the statement is synthetic. The ideas put forth in the present paper constitute the essence of Carnap's philosophy which he was to further develop and elaborate over the next 20 years. The paper is based upon the two fundamental questions: "The first question asks under what condition a sentence has meaning, in the sense of cognitive, factual meaning. The second one asks how we get to know something, how we can find out whether a given sentence is true or false." (From the introduction to the present paper). To this Carnap concludes that "the meaning of a sentence is in a certain sense identical with the way we determine its truth or falsehood; and a sentence has meaning only if such a determination is possible." (Ibid.).Carnap's "1936[-paper] marks a radical rejection of the positivist program of eliminating such metaphysical entities as Aristotelian objective necessary connections and such metaphysical aspirations as those of Gadamer." (Addis, Ontology and Analysis... p. 209).Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000), one of the most influential logicians of the 20th century, influenced Carnap academically as well as personally. In 1933, Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany and two years later, in 1935, Carnap moved to the United States, helped by Quine, whom he had met in Prague in 1934. Quine stated that: "Carnap is a towering figure. I see him as the dominant figure in philosophy from the 1930s onward, as Russell had been in the decades before...Some philosophers would assign this role rather to Wittgenstein, but many see the scene as I do.".Quine bases his main thesis ("A System of Logistic") on his consideration of the linguist - a subject closely related to Carnap - who attempts to translate a hitherto unknown language. There are different methods that the linguist could apply as to the breaking down of sentences and distribution of function among the words. Quine reaches the conclusion that if any hypothesis of translation needs to be defended, this can only be by appeal to context, by determining what other sentences the language user would utter in the language that is unknown to the linguist. But even here the indeterminacy of translation sets in, because, according to Quine, any hypothesis can be defended, if only enough other hypotheses of other parts of the language are adopted. This indeterminacy of language also applies to the known languages, and even one's own, and thus Quine implies that there are no such entities as "meanings" of right and wrong. Quine thus denies any absolute standards in translating one language into another, but he admits that there are good and bad translation, -this is just not philosophically or logically relevant. Translation can be inconsistent with behavioral evidence, however and thus Quine propounds his pragmatic view of translation.

London, A. Linde, 1755. Folio (370 x 225). Bound in a nice later half calf binding with six bands and gilt lettering to spine. Light miscoluring to spine otheriwse a very find and clean copy. XXIII, (1), 206, VII, (1), 291,(1) + Index (12) pp. + large folded hand coloured map and 28 engraved plates. First and only English edition of Erich Pontoppidan's extensive work on the flora and fauna of Norway. The first part deals with geology and plants, the second animals, birds and sea creatures, including a depiction of a huge sea serpent. Pontoppidan (1698-1764), the Bishop of Bergen from 1747 to 1754 and a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Copenhagen, published the original Danish version in 1752-3. Wood, Vertebrate Zoology, 522 ESTC T89156 Cox I, 183 Nissen, ZBI 3224

London, N. Gibson, 1756. 8vo. Contemp. full calf. Raised bands. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Blindtooling to covers. A neath repair at upper compartment. Spine slightly rubbed. VIII,476,(4) pp. A very faint dampstain to lower right corners. A few scattered brownspots. Printed on good paper. Very scarce first edition in English, a translation of the relevant part of Chr. V's Danske Lov (1683) relating to the Danish West Indies. All laws and regulations on St. Thomas, St. Croix and St. John were based on this lawcomplex in the period of the Danish possession of these islands.Sabin No 18501.

Berlin, August Hirschwald, 1895. 8vo. In contemporary half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. In: "Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirugie, Vierundzwanzigster Congress abgehalten zu Berlin, 17. - 20. April 1895". A few occassional underlignings i margin, otherwise fine and clean. Pp. 211-217. [Entire volume:] XXXIII, (3), 171, (3), 767 pp + 7 folded coloured plates. First edition of Czerny's landmark paper containing the very first account of a breast augmentation, or breast enhancement surgery, by moving a patient's benign fat-based tumor, known as a lipoma, into the breast to correct asymmetry - a surgery which earned him the title of being "The Father of Plastic Surgery'. "Czerny's patient was a forty-one-year-old singer who reported swelling and pain in her left breast, which had prompted her to seek medical attention. Czerny discovered that a tumor was causing the symptoms in her breast, which he had attributed to a constant, lingering infection of the breast tissue. After repeated consultations with Czerny and another surgeon, the woman agreed to the removal of her left breast. However, because the singer had very large breasts, the removal of one would result in significant asymmetry of her body. Upon further examination, Czerny discovered that the woman also had a fist sized growth on the right side of her lower back. During the operation, Czerny removed both the tumor in the woman's breast and the tumor on her back, and then used tissue from the tumor on her back to reconstruct her left breast. Half a year later, the woman still had tenderness around the operation site on her breast. By December 1894, about one year later, the patient had reported no more tenderness in her breast, and while her reconstructed breast was well-formed, she did note it was slightly smaller and firmer than her right breast. Czerny published his results in 1895." (Zheng, Vincenz Czerny) "He has been called the "Father of Plastic Surgery" for performing the first breast reconstruction. In this work, Czerny discusses the removal of a lipoma (benign fat cell tumor) and transferring it to a woman who had previously undergone a mastectomy. Czerny realized that personal appearance, not just organ reconstruction, was important in motivating a surgeon to operate upon a patient. This is a basic tenet still held and practiced today" (Grolier, The History of Plastic Surgery, no. 55).

Paris, Firmin Didot Frères, (1830) 1831. 4to. Contemp. hcalf. Richly gilt spine. A paperlabel pasted on top of spine. (4),XXIV,258 pp. and 1 folded engraved plate. A few minor brownspots. A fine, wide-margined copy. Scarce first edition (with the reprinted titlepage 1831 instead of 1830).Fourier's "Analyse des equations determines" constitutes a highly important work on the theory of equations, a work which occupied Fourier throughout his life and the last thing that he wrote. The work contains numerous theories that had not previously been published, e.g. his method of solution and applications of linear qualities, due to which he actually anticipated linear programming.The work was of great importance to Fourier himself, who had attempted to publish some of his important results on the subject as early as 1789 and who later ended up in a priority-dispute due to the much delayed publication of one of these results (the Fourier-Budan theorem). His final opus constitutes his final preparation of the Fourier-theorem as well as many other important theories and results connected to his theory of equations, and it thus presents us with his final views on this important science. "[H]e had almost finished only the first two of its seven "livres". His friend Navier edited it for publication in 1831, inserting an introduction to establish from attested documents (including the delayed 1789 paper) Fourier's priority on results which had by then become famous. Perhaps Fourier was aware that he would not live to finish the work, for he wrote a synopsis of the complete book which also appeared in this edition. The synopsis indicated his wide interests in the subject, of which the most important not yet mentioned were various means of distinguishing between real and imaginary roots, refinements of the Newton-Raphson method of approximating to the root of an equation, extensions to Daniel Bernoulli's rule for the limiting value of the ratio of successive terms of a recurrent series, and the method of solution and applications of linear inequalities. Fourier's remarkable understanding of the last subject makes him the great anticipator of linear programming." (D.S.B., V:98). - Honeyman IV:1361.

London, Nature, 1932 a.1939. 4to. Blank wrappers. All 4 extracted from "Nature" Nos. 3252 (Febr. 1932), 3615 (Febr.1939), 3616 ( Febr. 1939) and 3620 (March 1939). All four papers in first edition. In 1932 James Chadwich proved the existence of th atomic particles carrying no electric charge which, for this reason, he called 'neutrons' (the first item offered here). "In 1934 Senator Corbino, head of the physics department at the University of Rome, urged Enrico Fermi and his collaborators, among whom was Brune Pontecorvo, to patent a proces they had perfected for the production of artificial radio-activity by slow neutron bombardement. This process was a by-product of repetitions and enlargements of a discovery by Irene Curie and her husband Fredeic Joliot that the bombardment of certain light elements with alpha particles induced radio-activity. Further experiments conducted in 1938 at Berlin by Hahn and Strassmann were reported by Lise Meitner...She and her nephew, O.R. Frisch, working with Niels Bohr's laboratory, found the true explanation of these phenomena. The interpolation of a neutron into the nucleus of a uranium atom caused it to divide into two parts and to release energy amounting to about 200,000,000 electron volts. This process bore such a close similarity to the division of a living cell that Frisch suggested the use of the term 'fission' to describe it.....Halban, Jolio and Kowarski established the theoretical possibility of a self-perpetuating reaction..." (Carter/Muir). - Printing and the Mind of Man No. 422,b,c and d.

Kjöbenhavn, Em. Bærentzen & Co. Lith. Inst., 1856 og 1859. Tvær-folio. (31 x 42 cm.). Samtidigt hldrbd. Forgyldt ryg- og permtitel: "Danmark Fremstillinger af Stæder og Egne i det Danske Monarchie". Ryg repareret og delvist fornyet. I solid kassette. Titelblad i farvelitografi. Indholdsfortegnelse til Danmarks-Bindet (Östifterne, Jylland, Slesvig, Bilande) og trykt tekstblad til hver planche. Med 61 (af 77) litograferede plancher, nogle i farver. Her iblandt 5 fra Island, 3 fra Grønland, 3 fra Vestindiske øer, 12 fra Slesvig. - Holsteen & Lauenborg-Bindet indeholder 17 (af 24) litograferede plancher samt litograferet titelblad. Yderligere er indsat 4 plancher (3 vedr. Marienlyst, Helsingør og Ratzeburg i Holsteen & Lauenborg- Bindet). Nogle plancher lettere brunplettede, dog mest marginalt. Bindet vedrørende Holsteen og Lauenborg er ganske sjældent forekommende.

Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1857. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 45, No 22. Pp. (909-) 940. (Entire issue offered with titlepage and halftitle to volume 45). Pasteur's paper: pp. 913-916. A stamp to titlepage and verso of. First printing of this landmark paper (published in full the year after in "Mémoires de la Societe des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des arts de Lille" and in "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" (1858)), marking Pasteur's commencement of the study of fermentation. The offered paper was read in extract on the Séance du Lundi 30 Novembre). Here Pasteur found that lactic acid fermentation is due to small corpuscles of yeast cells, and thus carried out by living bacteria. He hereby ended the long controversy with Liebig, who insisted that fermentation was a purrely chemical phenomenon that did not involve living organisms. THE MEMOIR IS CONSIDERED THE FOUNDING PAPER OF MICROBIOLOGY."Pateur's researches on fermentationm led him to the discovery of the bacteria and yeasts and hence to the germ theory of disease: FROM THIS ALL MODERN BACTERIOLOGY AND IMMUNIOLOGY DEVELOPED."(Garrison & Morton, note to 2472)."There (at the University of Lille) he became interested in the problem of France's importent wine industry. Wine and beer often went sour as they aged and millions of francs were lost as a result. Wasn't there some chemical to prevent this ? In 1856 a Lille industrialist turned to the famous young chemist and put the problem to him. Pasteur agreed to tackle the matter and turned to the microscope. He found almost at once that when the wine and beer aged properly, the liquid contains little speherical globules of yeast cells. When wine and beer turn sour, the yeast cells are elongated. Clearly there are two types of yeast, one of which produces alcohol (good) and the other lactic acid (bad). Pasteur was the first to show definitely that fermentation involves living organisms and that it is necessary to supply the correct organism to provide the correct type of fermentation."(Isaac Asimov).Dibner No. 198. (= the offered paper in Comptes Rendus). - Garrison & Morton 2472.

Paris, Thierry und Barbin, 1681. 8vo. Uniformly bound in two contemporary full calf bindings with five raised bands and richly gilt spines. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spines indicating the inventory number in an estate library. Some wear to extremities, otherwise a very nice set. (6), 510 pp. + 1 folded map and 1 folded plates; 442, (50) pp. + folded plate. Rare first edition of Guillet de Saint-George’s work on Mehmed II, twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, famous for having conquered Constantinople in 1453. Georges Guillet (1624 - April 6, 1705) was a French scholar, writer, and actor, adopting the stage name Guillet de Saint-George in 1661. Born in Thiers, he holds the distinction of being the initial author to document the history of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture. Additionally, he published travel narratives about his journeys to the Levant under the pseudonym "Sieur de La Guilletière." Cioranescu 34495 Goldsmith G 957

London, Taylor and Francis, 1924. Later full buckram, gilt lettering to spine. In: Philosophical Magazine conducted by Oliver Joseph Lodge etc.", Vol. 47. - Sixth Series. VIII,1168 pp. and 8 plates. (Entire volume offered). De Broglie's paper: pp. 446-458. Internally clean and fine. First English version of the papers which ESTABLISHED A NEW ERA IN PHYSICS by introducing the epochal new principle that particle-wave duality should apply not only to radiation but also to matter and thus CREATING QUANTUM MECHANICS. The English paper is a translation of de Broglie's 3 "Notes " which he published in "Comptes Rendus" in September and October 1923 (Ondes et quanta. - Quanta de lumière, diffraction et interférences. - Les quanta, la théorie cinétique des gaz et le principe de Fermat). These 3 papers were extended to form his doctoral thesis of 1924 "Recherches sur la Théorie des Quanta." - This English edition (of the papers) was published before his thesis of 1924 as the paper is dated October 1, 1923, and published here in the Februar issue of Philosophical Magazine, months before the thesis.The English version contains furthermore an addition, a postscript, which contains a generalization of the theory which is consistent with the special theory of relativity, and NOT published in "Comptes Rendues" in 1923.With the three communications to the Academy of Sciences (the 3 Comptes Rendus papers) in the fall of 1923 de Broglie had presented the main ideas of his unified dynamics of light quanta and atoms. He was confident enough about his results that he submitted them also in English in the offered paper. At the end of the paper he summarized his results. De Broglie relates "After long reflection in solitude and meditation, I suddenly had the idea, during the year 1923, that the discovery made by Einstein in 1905 should be generalized by extending it to all material particles and notably to electrons" (Preface to his PhD thesis 1924)."He made the leap in his September 10, 1923, paper: E=hv should hold not only for photons but also for electrons, to which he assigns a 'fictitious associated wave'. In his September 24 paper, he indicated the direction in which one 'should seek experimental confirmations of our ideas': a stream of electrons traversing an aperture whose dimensions are small compared with the wavelenght of the electron waves 'should show diffraction phenomena' ."(Pais "Subtle is the Lord", pp. 425-436).In the third paper (October 8) he discusses "The interplay between the propagation of the particle and of the waves could be expressed in more formal terms as an identity between the fundamental variational principles of Pierre de Fermat (rays), and Pierre Louis Maupertuis (particles) as de Broglie discussed it further in his last communication . Therein he also considered some thermodynamic consequences of his generalized wave-particle duality. He showed in particular how one could, using Lord Rayleigh’s 1900 formula for the number of stationary modes for phase waves, obtain Planck’s division of the mechanical phase space into quantum cells.Louis de Broglie achieved a worldwide reputation for his discovery of the wave theory of matter, for which he received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1929. His work was extended into a full-fledged wave mechanics by Erwin Schrödinger and thus contributed to the creation of quantum mechanics. After an early attempt to propose a deterministic interpretation of his theory, de Broglie joined the Copenhagen school’s mainstream noncausal interpretation of the quantum theory."(DSB)."This idea [i.e. de Broglie's that matter might behave as waves] was tested and confirmed by Davisson and Germer in 1927... Thus the duality of both light and matter had been established, and physicists had to come to terms with fundamental particles which defied simple theories and demanded two sets of 'complementary' descriptions, each applicable under certain circumstances, but incompatible with one another." (Printing and the Mind of Man, 417).This volume of Philosophical Magazine contains another importent paper in the history of Quantum Mechanics": "The Quantum Theory of Radiation" by BOHR, KRAMERS AND SLATER, pp. 785-802. "After Kramers had succeeded in extending the scope of the correspondence argument to the theory of optical dispersion "thus rounding off a treatment of the interaction of atomic systems with radiation that accounted for all emission, absorption, and scattering processes" Bohr ventured to propose a systematic formulation of the whole theory, in which what he called the virtual character of the classical model was emphasized. In this he was aided by Kramers and a young American visitor, J. C. Slater, and the new theory was published in 1924 under the authorship of all three. The most striking feature of this remarkable paper, "The Quantum Theory of Radiation," was the renunciation of the classical form of causality in favor of a purely statistical description. Even the distribution of energy and momentum between the radiation field and the "virtual oscillators" constituting the atomic systems was assumed to be statistical, the conservation laws being fulfilled only on the average. This was going too far: the paper was hardly in print before A. H. Compton and A. W. Simon had established by direct experiment the strict conservation of energy and momentum in an individual process of interaction between atom and radiation. Nevertheless, this short-lived attempt exerted a profound influence on the course of events; what remained after its failure was the conviction that the classical mode of description of the atomic processes had to be entirely relinquished." (DSB).

Kbh., 1930. Lille folio. Indb. i et nydeligt samt. hldrbd. af rød maroquin. Indeholder det orig. egenhændige manuskript til teksten af Seedorf, orig. egenhændige tegninger af Nygaard, Orig. egenhændige noder af Clemmensen samt 1. prøvetryk af musikken og teksten, indeholdende adskillige egenhændige rettelser. Yderst interessant originalt manuskript, af hvilket det bl.a. fremgår, at Seedorf havde påtænkt værket titlen "Styrmand Andreasson og Konsorter". Der findes adskillige andre kuriositeter og morsomheder, såsom kommentaren "Her har/ du overset/ den manglende/ Tankestreg/ mellem Stud og med/ Ha! Ha!" på 1. prøvetrykket af noderne til "Bedæk med friske Krandse", hvoraf det desuden fremgår, at den oprindelige titel var "Trøsterig Vise for bedragne Ægtemænd."Manuskriptet bærer en egenhændig dediktion til Karen Else (Seedorfs hustru, også kendt som "Spindevinde"): "Som Hans siger:/ Vor Moders Navn ved et Anker, boys,/ og saa Navnet paa hende, I veed!/ Din hengivne Ven/ Niels Clemmensen." Manuskriptet bærer Karen Elses ex libris. Vedlagt et eksemplar af den trykte originaludgave.

Nurnberg, Sturmer Verlag, 1936. 8vo-oblong (248 x 200 mm). In the original half cloth binding with coloured pictorial paper covered boards. All edges red. Light wear to extremities, an overall very nice and clean copy. (44) pp. 21 full page anti-Semitic color drawings by Philipp Rupprecht, included in the pagination. Rare first edition of one of the most infamous documents of National Socialist propaganda aimed at children. Widely condemned for its content and intent, this book represents a grotesque distortion of children’s literature, using colourful illustrations and simplistic language to convey deeply antisemitic ideology. As Hürlimann writes, it is "Das grauenhafteste Dokument, das menschlicher Sadismus je in Bilderbuchform hervorgebracht hat." (Hurlimann 140). (i.e. English: “the most horrifying document that human sadism has ever produced in picture-book form”) Published by Stürmer-Verlag, this was the first of three children’s books produced under Julius Streicher’s direction - each aimed at spreading Nazi racial ideology among young readers. These books are among the most disturbing examples of propaganda from the Third Reich: deliberately designed to appear innocent, yet filled with messages of hate and dehumanization. Disguised as educational material, the book taught children the supposed “proper roles” of Aryans and Jews in Nazi Germany, planting the regime’s most harmful ideas in the minds of the young. Today it stands as a chilling reminder of how totalitarian regimes can use even children’s literature to spread their ideology.

Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1826. Without wrappers as issued in "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff", Bd. 6 + 7, Viertes u. Fünftes Stück. (Entire issues 4 and 5 present). Titlepage to vol. 6. Pp. 369-514 a. 1 engraved plate, Titlepage to vol. 7. Pp. 1-136 a. 1 engreved plate. Ohms paper: pp. 459-469, pp. 45-54 a. pp. 117-118.. Clean and fine. First appearence of a major paper in 19th century electrical theory, breaking new ground in associating an electric tension with both open and closed galvanic circuits, unifying the theory of Galvanic electricity, and containing Ohm's Law in the simpler and last form."Ohm's second major paper of 1826 announced the beginnings of a comprehensive theory of galvanic electricity based, he said, on the fact that the contact of heterogenous bodies produced and maintained a constant electric tension (Spannung). He deferred the systematic exposition of thsi theory to a later work, however, and limited himself to stating without derivation the two eqautions that constituted its heart: X=kw(a/l) and u-c = +/- (x/l)a,whereX is the strenght of the electric current in a conductor of lenght l, cross section w, and conductibility (Leitungsvermögen) k produced by a difference in electric tension a at its end points. By means of the first equation one can, ...reduce the actual lenght of a wire of whatever cross section and conductibility to the equivalent lenght of one of the wire chosen arbitrarily as a standard. Letting l now be this equivalent lenght - called the reduced lenght (reducirte Länge) of the conductor - Ohm WROTE HIS FIRST LAW IN THE SIMPLER FORM X=a/l, THE EXPRESSION WHICH HAS BECOME KNOWN AS OHM'S LAW."(DSB X, pp. 188-89).

Paris, Ruault, 1785. Royal8vo (Bookblock: 247 x 147 mm). In a beautiful contemporary full red morocco binding (Anker Kyster) with gilt lettering and ornamentation to spine. Gilt borders to boards, inner gilt dentelles and gilt ornamentation to edges of boards. Single-line ruled fillets to boards and gilt oval shaped decoration centered on boards. All edges gilt. With very light occassional marginal browning. Leaf M8 and N4 with closed tear. Plate no. 2 with a few stains. An overall very nice large paper copy on véin. Half title with list of 12 booksellers and "Avis de l' Editeur" regarding a pirated Amsterdam edition on the verso. LI, (1), (1)-199, (2) pp. + 5 engraved plates by Lienard, Halbou und Lingee, from the illustrations by St-Quentin. The famous Kehl-edition (printed the same year as the original, also referred to as first edition, second issue – occasionally second edition), regarded as being the most beautiful and sought after early edition. Beaumarchais used it as a way to combat piracy and counterfeiting of his play and it became an object of great desire among 19th-century bibliophiles. The original edition appeared without illustrations and almost immediately, five plates were added, drawn by St Quentin and engraved, the present edition printed in Kehl, with the new Baskerville type used for Voltaire, features the same 5 illustrations drawn by St Quentin for the original, but larger, more beautiful and engraved (plate 1, 3 and 5) by Liénard, (plate 2) by Halbou, (plate 4) by Lingée. (See Tchemerzine). “Le Mariage de Figaro" is the second play in Beaumarchais' Figaro trilogy following “The Barber of Seville” and preceding “The Guilty Mother”. It is a political and social satire aimed at aristocratic privilege and advocating for liberty and social justice. It was initially banned by Louis XVI, only to become an symbolic work of the pre-revolutionary period in France. This Kehl edition is often seen as both a literary milestone and a masterpiece of 18th-century printing, representing Beaumarchais' genius as both a playwright and publisher. Tchemerzine II, p. 15PMM 230

Kjøbenhavn, 1845. Bound uncut with the original printed wrappers in a lovely marbled paper binding (August Sandgren) with gilt leather title label to spine. Front wrapper with small marginal professional paper restoration. An excellent copy with usual brownspotting. Scarce first edition, extremely rare with the original wrappers, of the first edition of the third "collection" of Andersen's second fairy tale-collection, containing five of his best fairy tales in the first printing - among them the cherished tales "The Red Shoes" and "The Shepherdess and the Chimney-Sweep ".The five famous fairy tales that all appear here for the first time are: Elverhøi (The Elf Mound), De røde Skoe (The Red Shoes), Springfyrerne (The Jumpers), Hyrdinden og Skorsteensfeieren (The Shepherdess and the Chimney-Sweep), Holger Danske (Holger Danske - Holger the Dane). BFN: 467 - 468, 469, 470, 471, 472.

Paris, Chez la Veuve Desaint, 1792. 4to. Bound in 3 fine contemp. full sprinckled calf, 5 raised bands, tome-and titlelabels with gilt lettering. Spines gilt. Lower compartments with the Royal Danish coat of arms in gold. Upper compartments with the monogram of the Danish King Christian VII in gold. (4),LXVI,478;(4),727;(4),737 pp. and 44 folded engraved plates. With "Tables Astronomiques, calculées sur les Observations les plus nouvelles, Pour servir à la troisieme Édition de l'Astronomie", (2),378 pp. of Tables and Corrections. This is bound at end of volume one. Broad-margined. A few scattered brownspots. A few leaves in vol. two and three with some faint dampstaining in upper margins, a few in upper right corners. This third edition - kept ajour with the latest developments in astronomy - is the largest edition of Lalande's major work, the standard work of 18th century astronomi. The offered copy has a distinguished provenance as it comes from the library of the Danish King Christian VII."Lalande's greatest contribution was as a writer of textbooks, the most important being his 'Traitè d'Astronomie' of 1764, with subsequent editions in 1771 and 1792. It became a standard textbook and had the advantage over others texts of containing much practical information on instruments and methods of calculation" (DSB).

Dresden et Leipzig, Frederik Hekelius, 1734. Folio. Contemp. full mottled calf. Upper half of spine rebacked. Raised bands. Lower part of spine gilt. A crack to leather at lower part of fronthinge, cover not loose. Engraved portrait. (16),452 pp. and 28 engraved plates on 26 sheets. A dampstain in upper part of inner margins throughout, otherwise clean and wide-margined. The plates with some browning. Scarce first edition of Swedenborg's main scientific work. The volume also form part one of his "Opera Philosophica et Mineralia"."In his Principia rerum naturalium (Leipzig, 1734), probably conceived as a counterpart to Newton’s Principia, he sought a comprehensive physical explanation of the world based on mathematical and mechanical principles. While remaining faithful to the general principles of Cartesian natural philosophy, which he had learned while studying at Uppsala, Swedenborg elaborated upon them. According to his cosmogony the physical reality has developed from the mathematical point, which was an entity between infinite and finite. Through a vortical movement implanted on the point, a series of material particles developed (the "first finiata, "the second finita",and so on) that eventually led to the cosmos in its present state. In contrast to Descartes, Swedenborg believed that the planets had developed from the chaotic solar mass through expansion of its surrounding shell, which finally joined to form a belt along the equatorial plane of the sun. It then exploded, forming the planets and the satellites. Although the basic construction of Swedenborg’s thought heralded the later planetary theories of Buffon, Kant, and Laplace, there is nothing to indicate that it exerted any direct influence on posterity." (DSB).In 1738, Swedenborg's magnum opus was placed on the "Index Librorum Prohibitorum".