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Kbhvn., 1786. Folio. Samt. hldrbd. Ryg slidt og revner ved forreste fals øverst og nederst. Kobberstukket titelblad, dedikationsblad, 38 pp. samt alle 27 kobberstukne plancher. De første sider brunplettede, ellers mere marginalt brunplettet. Wiedewelt blev under sit ophold i Rom i 1750'erne ven med grundlæggeren af den nyere tids studium af antikkens kunst, Winckelmann, og denne opfordrede og opmuntrede ham til at tegne så meget som muligt af de antikke kunstværker. Først meget senere udkom dette værk på grundlag af ungdomsstudierne i Rom. Bibl.Danica II:457.

Paris, Crochard, 1817. Contemp. hcalf, richly gilt spines. Light wear at top of spine. Minor scratches to edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepages and verso of plates. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago.", tome 7, 2e Series. 448 pp. a. 2 engraved plates. (the entire volume offered). Dulong & Petit-papers: pp. 113-154, pp. 225-264, pp. 337-367. Clean and fine. First edition of these 3 groundbreaking papers with the first appearance in print of THE LAW OF THE CONSTANCY OF ATOMIC HEAT, i.e. the specific heat multiplied by the atomic weight. The insight had far reaching implications as it showed a new way to Dalton's atomic theory."In 1815 Dulong's famous collaboration with the mathematical physicist Alexis Therese Petit began; it produced three importent memoirs on heat." (the papers offered here). The 2 first was awarded the price of the Academy in 1818 and was leading up to the last paper in which they formulted the "Law of the Constancy of product of atomic weight and specific heat""They (Dulang and Petit) were concerned with the specific heats of elements; but if these elements really existed as atoms, it seemed possible that there might be a connection between trhe weight of the atom and the amount of heat aquired to raise the temperature of a given weight of that element by a certain amount." (DSB). - "One of his (Dulong) most importent researches was made in collaboration with Alexis Thérese Petit (1791-1820), with whom he announced the law that the product of atomic weight and specific heat is constant (1819). It rendered a distinct service in fixing atomic weights, especially when these were in question, and enabled Berzelius and later Cannizzaro to arrive at correct atomic weights and the correct number of atoms in molecules." (Leicester & Klickstein, A source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900, p. 273). - Parkinson, Breakthroughs (1819).

Leipzig, Barth, 1898. 8vo. In the original printed wrappers. Author's presentation offprint with the printed presentation statement on top of frontwrapper "Überreicht vom Verfasser" [i.e. "Given by the author"]. Offprint from "Annalen der Physik und Chemie", Neue Folge, Band 64, 1898. Two stamp to top left corner of front wrapper. "Habilitations-Schrift" written in ink to top of front wrapper. A fine copy. Pp. 101-130. First edition, in the scarce author's presentation offprint issue, of this important paper on the discontinuity of temperature widely regarded as being his first important contribution to science. The work is of seminal importance for by publishing it Smoluchowski joined the dispute on the validity of atomic conceptions. These were far from accepted at the end of the nineteenth century and their recognition was partly due to Smoluchowski."In 1875 Warburg and A. Kundt, on the basis of the kinetic theory of gases, had predicted that if the temperature of a gas differed from that of the container wall, the former temperature would not pass continuously to the latter: there would be a discontinuity of temperature between the gas and the wall. Their experiments, successful in the case of the analogous phenomenon of the slipping of gases, had not been decisive for temperature discontinuity. Smoluchowski, observing the cooling time of a thermometer in a gas-filled container, demonstrated that an effect exists and reached significant values with rarefied gas in [The present paper].This work was of special importance. For by publishing it Smoluchowski joined the dispute on the validity of atomic conceptions. These, represented in physics mainly by the kinetic theory of gases developed by Boltzmann. were far from accepted at the end of the nineteenth century; and their recognition was partly due to Smoluchowski. At that time only a few phenomena were predicted by the kinetic theory or required it for intelligibility. Among them was discontinuity of temperature, for its existence was wholly unexplained from a classical point of view. Moreover, in 1897 after his return to Vienna, Smoluchowski pointed out the quantitative agreement of his experimental results with the kinetic theory. In 1898 the University of Vienna admitted him veniam legendi." (DSB).

Kiøbenhaffn, Henrich Waldkirch (og andre ?), 1613-28. Lille 4to. Nær samt. hldrbd. med rygforgyldning og ophøjede bind på ryg. Ryg en smule slidt. (52);(20);(38) pp. samt 85 forordninger á 2-4 blade. Til slut er indbundet 38 blanke blade til notater og tilføjelser, hvoraf kun de 3 er blevet benyttet. Alle i originaltrykkene - de 3 første med angivelse af trykker: Henrich Waldkirch, Forordningerne uden angivelse af trykker. - Forordningerne vedrører alle sider af samfundslivet, handel, næring, sundhedsvæsenet, myntvæsenet, vejvæsenet, retsvæsenet etc. etc. - Bibl. Danica I: 635 ff.

Leipzig, F.C.W. Vogel, 1909. Lex8vo. Contemp. Hcloth. Gilt spine. Edges slightly rubbed. Clean and fine. in "Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte. 80. Vesammlung zu Cöln 20.- 26. September 1908. Herausgegeben...Albert Wangerin. Zweiter Theil. 1. Hälfte. Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilungen". pp. 4-9. The whole volume offered with part I-II: (4),245,X,(2),598,124,(2) pp. First appearance of this milestone paper in the development of the theory of Special relativity. The paper offered is the first edition, first printing of the text from Minkowski's famous address held at the 80th meeting of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte, in Köln the 21st September 1908. There exists three other printings of this address from the same year:1. Physikalische Zeitschrift, volume 10, number 3 (1. February, 1909.), pp.104-111; 2. Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung, volume 18, number 2 (issued monthly - so February), pp.75-88;3. (Seperate edition by Teubner)."The views of space and time which I wish to lay before you have sprung from the soil of experimental physics, and therein lies their strenght. They are radical. Henceforth space by itself, and time by itself, are doomed to fade away into mere shadows, and only a inf of union of the two will preserve an independent reality" He ended as follows: 'the validitywothout exception of the world postulate (i.e., relativity postulates), I like to think, is the thrue nucleus of an electromagnetic image of the world, which, discovered by Lorentz, and further developed by Einstein, now lies open in the full light of the day'"(Pais in "Subtle is the Lord", p. 152).Here (in the paper offered) "he introduced the notion that made possible the expansion of the Relativity Theory of Einstein from its specific to its general form. The technical description of Minkowski's hypothesis is the four-dimensional Space-time continuum....Minkowski's space-time hypothesis was in effect a restatement of Einstein's basic principle in a form that greatly enchanced its plausability and also introduced importent new developments. Hitherto natural phenomena had been thought to occur in a space of three dimensions and to flow uniformly through time. Minkowski maintained that the separation of space and time is a false conception; thet time is itself a dimension, comparable to lenght, breadth and height: and that therefore the true conception of reality was constituted by a space-time continuum possessing these four dimensions. This strongly reinforced Einstein's objections to absolute concepts and supported his view of the relativity of events in nature." (PMM No. 401, only listing the print from "Jahresberichte der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung. Leipzig 1909.").

Kiøbenhaffn, Salomone Sartor, (1640) + Kiøbenhaffn, Salomone Sartor, 1641. 4to. (21 x 15 cm.). Samtidigt helbind i sort kalveskind hvor bagpermen er fælles for de to værker. Det sorte helbind er velbevaret bortset fra lette krakeleringer på permerne. Blindtrykt bordure på permer og i begge midterfelter et stort ovalt dødningehoved hvor sølvforgyldningen er delvist bevaret på forpermen. I en kassette med skindryg i maroquin med forgyldt rygtitel "Tvende Liig=prædikener". An. 1: Dobbeltsidet kobberstukket frontispiece som viser Jørgen Handorffs stamtræ bevogtet af Pietas og Justitia. (56) pp. hvor teksten er trykt inden for en sammensat træsnitramme. An. 2: Dobbeltsidet kobberstukket frontispiece visende Helle Steens anetavle i talrige våbenskjolde. (134) pp. Her er teksten også trykt inden for en sammensat træsnitramme. Begge trykt på godt kraftigt papir og rene. Med enkelte ormehuller. Ægtefællerne døde med ca. et års mellemrum, og de er nu symbolsk forenet i dette tvillingbind.Bibl. Danica III, 1187 og 1255."Tvillingbind, to, evt. flere bøger eller to halvdele af en bog, der er indbundet således, at delene har én fælles perm og åbnes fra hver sin side af bogblokken; især praktisk til salme- og tekstdelen af en salmebog. Tvillingbind udførtes fortrinsvis i 1500-, 1600- og 1700-t." (Erik Dal i Den Store Danske).

(London, Harrison and Sons, 1897). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" Year 1897, Volume 189 - Series A. - Pp. 265-307. Clean fine. Textillustrations, depicting Wilson's famous apparatus First printing of this groundbreaking paper in which Wilson describes the invention which made it possible to view the track of a single atomic projectile or electron. The invenvention of the "Dust-Chamber" made it possible for J.J. Thomson in 1897 to calculate the charge of the electron, and thereby finding its mass, since the ratio between the two was known. In most cases it was found that the track of the particle is a straight, or nearly straight line."C.T.R. Wilson had been developing his cloud-chamber, which was to provide the most powerfull of all methods of investigation in atomic physics. In moist air, if a certain degree of supersaturation is exceeded this can be secured by a sudden expansion of the air) condensation takes place on dust-nuclei, when any are present: if by preliminary operations condensation is made to take place on the dust-nuclei, and the resulting droplets are allowed to settle, the air in the chamber is thereby freed from dust. If now X-rays or radiation from a radioactive substance are passed into the chamber, and if the degree of supersaturation is sufficient, condensation again takes place: this is due to the production of ions by the radiation. Thus the tracks of ionising radiations can be made visible by the sudden expansion of a moist gas, each ion becoming the centre of a visible globule of water. Wilson showed that the ions produced by uranium radiation were identical with those produced by X-rays." (Whittaker in "A History of the Theories of Aether & Electricity" II:p.4).

London, 1755. 8vo. Bound in a very nice cont. full mottled calf binding with five raised bands to richly gilt spine. Front hinge a bit weak, upper capital w. minor loss. Internally very nice and clean. LXII, 390 pp. The rare first edition of Bonnet's important first work on psychology, in which he develops his views regarding the physiological conditions of mental activity and thus anticipates physiological psychology (biological psychology or behavioral neuroscience). Bonnet's movement or "vibration" model, which is presented in the present work for the first time, constitutes a much elaborated model of the internal representation of ideas that Newton had also discussed. His contributions to the field of neuro-psychology were highly original, and his theories which included the idea that the understanding of human (and animal) behavior presupposes knowledge of the nervous system and its functions caused quite a stir at the time of their appearance.With the present work, Bonnet became a pioneer in the study of the physiological bases of behavior, and his theories and experiments on the relationship between psychological and physiological processes were much ahead of his time."Bonnet is considered one of the fathers of modern biology. He is distinguished for both his experimental research and his philosophy, which exerted a profound influence upon the naturalists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. " (D.S.B. II: 286).After at the age of 26 having discovered the parthenogenesis of the aphid (plant lice), which established virginal generation, having written important works in the field of regeneration of rainwater worms, a groundbreaking work on insectology, which "entitles him consideration as an early exponent of experimental entomology" (D.S.B. II: 286), a work which established him as one of the first naturalists to investigate photosynthesis, and several other works of interest, the Swiss natural historian, biologist and philosopher Charles Bonnet (1720-1793) began concentrating on philosophy and methodology. "A true theoretician of biology, he exercised an enormous influence in this field and maintained a correspondence with almost all the scientists of his time. He published works that caused a considerable stir - among them "Essai de psychologie"..." (D.S.B. II: 286).

(Berlin, Haude et Spener, 1766). 4to. Without wrappers as issued in "Mémoires de L'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres", tome XV, pp. 185-209 a. 1 engraved plate, pp.210-240 a. 2 engraved plates, pp. 241-264 and 1 engraved plate. First editions of Eulers three main papers on the theory of sounds in which he formulated the WAVE EQUATION for the propagation of sounds in the air. In the first paper Euler analyzes the forces that act on a slice of air that is in a disturbed state at y but was initially at x. The analysis is customary in the modern elementary works. In the second paper Euler gets a result that is equivalent to the general formula ofinversion for partial differentiations, noting in addition that cylindrical and spherical waves also follow it."Euler, Lagrange, and others worked on the propagation of sound in air. Euler wrote on the subject of sound frequently from the time he was twenty years old (1727) and established this field as a branch of mathematical physics...Three fine and definitive papers were read to the Berlin Academy in 1759 (the papers offered here). (Morris Kline). - Eneroth: E 305, E 306, E 307.

Paris, Baudouin, An 6 (1798). 8vo. Contemp. hcalf, richly gilt back. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. Corners a bit bumped, otherwise fine. XVI,710 pp. and 14 engraved plates with many figs. A few scattered brownspots. Printed on good paper. First editiuon of Cuvier's first work on comparative zoology, in which he showed the affinities and similarities in the structure of present forms of animals, researches which resulted in comparison with older forms and thereby giving the material for other theorists to suggest evolutionary lines and links. Cuvier is considered as the founder of modern palaeontology by this and his later published work "Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles...""Cuvier's first separate work "Tableau...(1798)", is based on a course of lectures he had delivered at l'Ecole du Pantheon. It wa the first general statement of his naltural classification of the aninal kingdom...He established the four great classes (vertebrates, molluscs, articulates, and radiates) and classified the animals according to the anatomical structure." (Milestones of Science No. 44) - Wood p. 307.

Paris, J. Andriveau-Goujon, 1841. Folio. Bound in full leather with a closing flap just like a briefcase. Slightly scratched and a few tears to binding. Titlepage with a tear, no loss. Complete with 30 double-page (ca 41x53 cm) full handcoloured engraved maps. A few tears in centerfoldings, very ligh brownspottings, otherwise good. Philipps No 324 listing an edition from 1838, but not this (second edition ?). This fine engraved atlas comprises 10 historical maps and 20 recent (1841), among these Mappemonde, North-and South America, Asia, Africa, Europe etc.

Kjøbenhavn (Copenhagen), Fr. Brummer, 1809. Cont. hcalf. Gilt spine. Titlelabel with gilt lettering. A paperlabel pasted on top of spine. Stamps on title-page. XXX,378 pp. and 11 engraved plates with many figs. A fine copy. Scarce first edition of Hans Christian Oersted's first printed book (The Science of the General Laws of Nature). Oersted is universally known for his discovery of the Electro-Magnetism in 1820. In this his first printed book, Oersted proposes at least three theses that he were to follow for the rest of his life, and which he made the foundation for his discovery of Electro-Magnetism: the crucial role that experiments and thereby empiricism play in the perception of nature; the fact that each individual phenomenon in nature in accordance with the philosophy of nature must be understood as a whole; and that the laws of nature are the same everywhere, in the smallest and in the greatest parts of the universe. The sort of philosophy of nature that Oersted studies and develops is by him comprehended as a product of human striving towards with its reason to "include and penetrate the entire nature, and to explain it in its full context" (from "Science of the General Laws of Nature" - own translation), which is why this philosophy is also the science of the general laws of nature (that are the same everywhere). It thus not only includes the science of movement, but also that of electricity, magnetism, light, warmth, and chemical connections, such as they all follow directly from ordinary forces of nature, and Oested's discovery in 1820 of the connection between magnetism and electricity must be seen in this connection.Both H.C. Andersen and Søren Kierkegaard admit to having been influenced by the writings of Oersted. "He was an enthusiastic follower of the "Naturphilosophie" school in Germany, whose main object was the unification of physical forces, thus producing a monistic theory of the universe. It was to further this purpose that Oersted sought in actual phenomena the electro-magnetic identity of which he had already convinced himself on metaphysical grounds" (Percy H. Muir in Printing and The Mind of Man).

Frankfurt am Main, And. Wechel, 1576. Folio. Contemp. full vellum. (8), 342, (24),(2) pp. Last leaf with printers woodcut device (also on title-page). 3 exlibris from previous owners on inside front cover. faint browning to foot of title-page. Internally clean and fine, and wide-margined. Third and last 16th century Latin edition of Saxo's "History of Denmark", edited by Philip Loncier, rector of the Frankfurt Gymnasium.Saxo Grammaticus (ab. 1150-1220) was probably a secular clerk or secretary to Absalon, Archbishop of Lund, the great Danish churchman, statesman and warrior. Saxo is remembered today as the author of the first full history of Denmark, in which he modeled himself on the classical authors (e.g. Virgil, Plato, Cicero) in order to glorify his fatherland. The work dates from the end of the 12th century and was edited by Christiern Pedersen, a Canon of Lund, and printed by Jodocus Badius Ascendius in Paris in 1514 (the editio princeps) with 16th century re-issues following in 1534 (Basel) and 1576 (the present). Only with the first printing of this seminal work did the work become known throughout academic circles. The work soon received international fame and is to this day renowned as not only being immensely important historically, but also being extremely well written (Saxo is praised by Erasmus, for instance, for possessing great power of eloquence). The work consists of sixteen books that cover the time from the founders of the Danish people (Dan I of Denmark) till Saxo's own time, ending around 1185 (with the submission of Pomerania), when the last part is supposedly written. The work thus covers the entire history of Denmark until Saxo's own time, seen under a somewhat glorified perspective, from heathen times with tales of Odin and the gods of Valhalla to the times of Absalon, who probably directly influenced the sections on the history of his own time, working closely with Saxo himself. Apart from that, the work contains the first known written narration of the legend of Hamlet (Amleth, the son who took revenge for his murdered father). It is most likely this narrative of Saxo's, which he based on an oral tale, that forms the basis for Shakespeare's "Hamlet", which takes place in Helsinore in Denmark. There is fairly certain evidence that Shakespeare knew Saxo's work on the History of Denmark and thus, from that, the legend of Amleth.The editio princeps was printed in Paris in 1514, the second edition being printed in Basel in 1534.LN 1450Thesaurus 190.

Hafniæ (Copenhagen), Matthias Godiche, 1661. 8vo. In contemporary full calf with gilt lettering to spine. Gilt lettering to spine and tooled frames to boards. Leather to spine cracked. Small repair and previous owner's name to title-page. Light foxing throughout. (22), 232, (12), 42, (30), 386, (14), 40, 32 pp. + engraved plate. First edition of Bartholin's important work on anesthetic: "The first work after Avicenna to discuss the use of snow as an anesthetic." (Garrison & Morton). "Chapter XXII of this historically important book makes the first known mention of the use of mixtures of ice and snow for freezing to produce surgical anesthesia. The author states that the technique was taught to him by one Marco Aurelio Severino of Naples. In order not to kill the tissues and cause gangrene, the ice-snow mixture was to be applied on the parts in narrow parallel lines. After a quarter of an hour feeling would be deadened and the part could be cut without pain. This may be the first mention of such a technique since the time of Avicenna." (Heirs of Hippocrates 326). Thomas Bartholin (1616-1680) was one of the leading physicians of his time, now remembered, among many other things, as the discoverer of the lymphatic system. He "was the most celebrated physician of his period in Denmark and perhaps in all of Europe". (Kronick, p. 81). He is considered "a typical representative of the "Curiosi naturae" of the 17th century with all their learning, diligence and insatiable spirit of curiosity... He belonged with all his heart to the learned period, and yet he made an anatomical-physiological discovery of high mark when he found, and demonstrated, a hitherto entirely unknown vascular system in animals, and later in man - the lymphatic." (Meisen, p. 25). He was a hugely influential and extremely productive man. Apart from his seminal discovery of the lymphatic system, he wrote a number of highly influential treatises, published a series of very influential anatomical papers, published his vast correspondence with other scientists, which has the character of a scientific archive at a time when there were not yet periodicals of natural science, provided us with the most extensive information about medicine in Denmark and about the conditions of the physicians, called attention to the significance of pathological anatomy, etc., etc., Heirs of Hippocrates 326.Osler 1933.Wellcome II, p. 107.Garrison & Morton 5645.90

Hmbg., 1833. Cont.hcalf. Gilt back. VIII,358 pp. and 28 litogr. plates. Text a little brownspotted.

A la Haye, F.H. Scheurleer, 1749. Folio. 2 very fine contemp. full panelled calf. Panels with broad gilt borders with inside and outside floral cornerpieces. Raised bands. Richly gilt compartments.Title- and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Small stamp on foot of title-pages. Engraved portrait of Puységur. 2 title-pages printed in red/black with large engraved vignettes (Cochin fils), 2 large engraved headpieces. (4),VI,176; (6),210 pp. and 41 large folded engraved maps and plans (32+9). Internally clean and fine, printed on good paper. The second folio-edition of this splendid work. - Cohen, p. 454. - Brunet V,989. - Rumpf, 709.

Wien, 1785-86. 4 cont. full calf. Richly gilt backs. Top of spines on 2 volumes a little torn. Slightly brownspotted. (62),483,(10),838,(12),827,(6),332 pp. and 21 large folded engraved plates a. 2 fold. tables.

London, Printed for G. and H. Eversden, 1654. 8vo. In contemporary full calth with ruled fillets to boards. Small paper-label pasted on to top of spine. Wear to extremities, scratches to boards. Inner hinges split. Internally with occassional brownspotting. (8), 77, (5), 223 pp. Each sermon has a half-title, "A comment on Ruth" has separate dated title page, register and pagination. The rare first edition of Fuller’s detailed exegesis of the ‘Book of Ruth’ from the Old Testament offers moral and spiritual lessons derived from Ruth's story. Thomas Fuller (1608 – 1661) was an English churchman and historian. He was a prolific author, and one of the first English writers able to live by his pen. He was known for his moderate religious stance. Rooted in his upbringing as the son of an Anglican clergyman, Fuller was deeply influenced by the Church of England's traditions and his education at Cambridge. His theology emphasized practical piety, moral integrity and an aversion to extreme positions within the church and society.

(No place, nor year, but Paris, presumably 1875). Folio. 32 plates (505 x 640) loosely incerted in two portfolios. A few plates with a few small nicks, otherwise fine and clean. Fine collection of plates distributed to pupils at "Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées". ROUTES / ROADSSerie 2_Section A_PL. 1Serie 2_Section A_PL. 2Serie 2_Section A_PL. 3Serie 2_Section A_PL. 4CHEMINS DE FER / RAILROADSSerie 4_Section D_PL. 6Serie 4_Section D_PL. 7Serie 4_Section D_PL. 8Serie 4_Section D_PL. 9Serie 4_Section D_PL. 10.Serie 4_Section D_PL. 11.Serie 4_Section D_PL. 12.Serie 4_Section D_PL. 13Serie 4_Section D_PL. 14PORTS MARITIMES / SEAPORTSSerie 6 Section F PL. 10Serie 6 Section F PL. 11Serie 6 Section F PL. 12Serie 6 Section F PL. 13TRAVAUX D'ASSAINISSEMENT DES VILLES / TOWN SANITATION WORKSSerie 8 Section B PL. 1Serie 8 Section B PL. 11Serie 8 Section B PL. 12MOTEURS À VAPEUR / STEAM ENGINESSerie 10_Section B_PL. 1Serie 10_Section B_PL. 2Serie 10_Section B_PL. 3Serie 10_Section B_PL. 4Serie 10_Section B_PL. 5Serie 10_Section B_PL. 6Serie 10_Section B_PL. 7Serie 10_Section B_PL. 8Serie 10_Section B_PL. 9Serie 10_Section B_PL. 10Serie 10_Section B_PL. 11Serie 10_Section B_PL. 12

London, William Miller, 1804. Folio. Contemp. full black morocco with broad gilt borders on covers, double blind-tooled borders on covers. All edges gilt. Finely rebacked to style, gilt and with gilt lettering. (4),XXVIII,(2) pp. and 50 leaves of text in English and French. With all 50 fine handcoloured aquatint plates. Some textleaves with light offsetting from plates. Clean and fine. First editon. - Tooley, 333.

Stockholm, Olof Grahn, 1814-15. 8vo. Bound in one lovely, contemporary brown half calf binding with gilt and blindstamped ornamentation to spine. A bit of wear to spine and extremities, but overall an excellent copy, also internally. The errata-leaf has been strengthened at the top, blank margin. Bound with both half-titles, which are not always present. (16), 303, (1); (4), 327, (1, - errata) pp. Scarce first edition of the first complete Swedish translation of The Iliad, Marcus Wallenberg's famous magnum opus, which constitutes the first full Scandinavian translation of any Homeric work and which in many ways introduced Homer to the Swedish public. The work exercised great impact upon the reading public of Sweden and came to be highly influential. It was both highly praised and the source of much controversy, over metrics and translation-principles in general. "The first volume of Marcus Wallenberg's translation of the Iliad-which was going to be the first complete Swedish translation of the Homeric epics-appeared 1814… The reviewer in Stockholms Posten began by exclaiming "A Swedish translation of Homer in metric verse!!" He argued that the translation was a major achievement for Swedish literature and noteworthy for two reasons. Firstly, because of the source text. He describes Homer as the oldest and greatest poet in Greece and the world but says that he suspects that readers would be surprised by this description. This indicates that Homer was moving towards the top of the epic genre hierarchy and was overtaking Virgil, but that his position there was not quite uncontested yet. Secondly, because of the method of translating. The reviewer commends Wallenberg for choosing to make a faithful translation" (Goldwyn, edt.: "The Trojan Wars and the Making of the Modern World: Classical Reception Since Antiquity", p. 161). At the turn of the 19th century, as Swedish translators of the classics began to question the old conventions governing translation, the Iliad became a locus of aesthetic contestation, and Wallennberg's great achievement became the centre of attention. But the translation not only played a central part in academic descussions about Homer, the classics, and translation-principles, it paved the way for an understanding of the Homeric epics in Sweden and placed Homer among the canonical authors that had otherwise been neglected. "When the second volume of Wallenberg's Iliad appeared (1815), the whole Iliad was reviewed by Lorenzo Hammarsköld in Swensk Literatur-Tidning. Hammarsköld began by welcoming the translation and detailing the difficulties facing a Swedish translator of the Iliad, the main one being lack of interest and understanding for the Homeric epics among the Swedish readership. What Swedes of his time knew of Homer was, according to Hammarsköld, not much more than that Homer was sublime, majestic, and bold beyond description, but at times prosaic and unpolished, and that he, since he did not know of literary societies, could fall so far below epic grandeur, that he likened a king to a bull and a charming prince to a fly. Further, the Swedish public lacked in the education needed to properly appreciate the Homeric narrative and the beauty of his unaffected and unsentimental style. Therefore, Hammarsköld feared that "a translation in the genuine and grand style" would not be appreciated and that readers were likely to feel deceived, suspecting that a garrulous storyteller has been passed off as Homer and not know what to think of the translation at hand" (ibid. pp. 171-72) The translation did in fact prove to be very popular indeed and he gave to the general Swedish public the opportunity of reading one of the greatest world classics in their own language. "Marcus Wallenberg, lecturer in Greek in Linköping gymnasium and later bishop in the diocese of Linköping, was the author of the first complete Swedish translation of the Iliad (1814-1815) and the Odyssey (1819-1821). The preface to the first volume of the Iliad gives readers to understand that Wallenberg had been observing the translations of Homer with great interest. These, he says, had made him hope that it would appear soon in a complete Swedish hexametric translation, a translation so faithful that it would preserve the spirit of the original and reproduce the effect of the Greek verse.48 When no Swedish Iliad appeared, he started working on a translation of that sort, even though he had no intention of publishing it." (ibid. p. 169)

Stockholm, F.& G. Beijers Förlag, 1882-87. Lex8vo. 5 samtidige hldrbd. Rygforgyldning. Titel-og tomefelter i skind. Rygge med lette brugsspor. (6),812;(2),516;(4),530,(6),582;(6),535,(6) pp., tekstillustrationer, 140 plancher (heriblandt foldekort). Indvendig rent frisk eksemplar.

(Ankara, Sol yayinlari, 1970). 8vo. In the original blue printed wrappers. Light wear to extremities. Small white paper label pasted on to back wrapper. Internally fine and clean. 469, (3) pp. (with the genealogic tree included in the pagination). First Turkish translation of The Origin of Species, translated by Öner Ünalan from the sixth London edition. Ünalan, fluent in English and German, was assisted in this translation by an unspecified German edition. "Ünalan was well known for his translations of Einstein, Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Fidel Castro. "(Darwin-Online).Freeman F796.

København (Copenhagen), Philipsens Forlag, 1887. Lex8vo. Contemporary brown half calf with gilt ornamentation to spine. Spine worn, mostly at hinges and capitals, but binding fine and tight. Corners and edges with wear. First quire brownspitted, otherwise ownly light occasional, scattered brownspotting. Old owners' names to front free end-paper and to top of title-page respectively. (6), VIII, 417, (1) pp. Scarce first edition of the work in which a welfare principle is presented for the first time, laying the groundwork for the welfare state as we know it today. Høffding’s “Ethics” came to have a profound impact upon European politics and philosophical ethics of the Positivist era and directly influenced the development of the Scandinavian welfare state. “[I]t was Høffding who was the first in the world to work out a welfare-principle, namely in his “Etik” (Ethics) in 1887. Today, Høffding is not widely known, but in his lifetime and up to the 1950ties he was an internationally famous philosopher, whose works were translated into many languages and who was several times nominated for the Nobel Prize.” (Andersen, A.T.: The Dialogic and Religious Theme of Welfare in Harald Høffding…, p. 104). “Etik” constitutes an ethical system. Høffding discusses the principal questions in order to develop a scientific ethics, or a moral science if one will, analyzes the ethical principles that are expressed in ethical assessments, and on the basis hereof develops an individualistic and a social ethic that was way ahead of its time, but which found great resonance within the reading public. The book had an enormous impact. It appeared five times in Høffding’s life-time, sold extremely well, and was quickly translated into German and French – “Denmark had gotten its first internationally known and acknowledged philosopher, several decades before Kierkegaard had his breakthrough on the international scene.” (Koch, Dansk filosofi i positivisments tidsalder, p. 41 – translated from Danish). “Høffding became a mentor to many – not least because of the humanity that marks this book [i.e. Ethics] and because of the well-balanced treatment it gives of the social and political questions of the time, of the relationship between the sexes and between church and state, just to mention a few of the “important life conditions” it deals with. Students in personal crisis contacted him, and people in difficult circumstances wrote to him for advice. Not least because of his ethical view, he came to appear as the old, wise man of the nation… His influence in the neighboring countries was also great. For instance, his ethical considerations in the years around 1900 came to play a significant role for the young Swedish social democrats and for their conception of a coming welfare state.” (Koch, Dansk filosofi i positivisments tidsalder, p. 60 – translated from Danish). “Harald Høffding, the Danish philosopher and historian of philosophy, was born in Copenhagen and lived there throughout his life. From 1883 to 1915 he was professor of philosophy at the University of Copenhagen. Høffding received a degree in divinity in 1865, but he had already decided not to take orders. A study of Søren Kierkegaard's works, and especially of his views on Christianity, had led to an intense religious crisis ending in a radical break with Christianity. Høffding sought in philosophy a new personal orientation and gradually developed into an extraordinarily many-sided liberal humanist. His philosophical development was influenced during a stay in Paris (1868–1869) by the study of French and English positivism… his activity as a scholar ranged over every branch of philosophy, including psychology. His works display a vast knowledge, a keen eye for essentials, and a critically balanced judgment. They were translated into many languages and widely used as textbooks. By the turn of the twentieth century Høffding's reputation was worldwide and he knew personally many leading thinkers. He was the outstanding Danish philosopher of his day, and in 1914 the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters assigned him the honorary residence of Gammel Carlsberg, where he lived to the end of his life. The residence later passed to the physicist Niels Bohr, a younger friend of Høffding.” (Frithiof Brandt, Encyclopaedia of Philosophy). “The Danish philosopher Harald Høffding was the first in the world to work out a welfare-principle. He expressed a dialogic and democratic standpoint, a fellowship and an ideal concerning equality, and consequently a distinct philosophical basis for the realization of the formation of the welfare state.” (Andersen, A.T.: The Dialogic and Religious Theme of Welfare in Harald Høffding…, p. (103).).

Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1896 + 1923. Both copies are uncut, numbered and on extra fine paper. They are bound w. all the orig. wrappers in two private very beautiful uniform half leather bindings of darker orange (like the wrappers) morocco w. single gilt line-frames and gilt titles on back. Flat capitals and top-edges gilt (Anker Kysters Eftf. 1977, -handsigned underneth the bookbinder-stamp by the particular bookbinder - "Mogens Dickow Lund"). Small tear to corner of back wrapper of"Lettres Intimes", otherwise a mint set. First edition, numbered copies, of both works. The "Lettres Intimes" is number 5 of fifteen copies printed on Japan-paper: "Il a été tiré de cet ouvrage quinze exemplaires sur papier Impérial du Japon. Tous numérotés. No. 5." "Nouvelles Lettres Intimes" is number four of 50 copies on Holland-paper: "Il a été tiré de cet ouvrage cinquante exemplaires sur papier de Hollande numérotés. No. 4."Ernest Renan (1823-1892) was a French philologist, philosopher and historian. His father died when he was aged five, and his mother wanted him to become a priest. Until he was about 16 years old, he was trained by the Church, but due to his investigative and truth-seeking nature as well as his studies (e.g. Hebrew), he was in doubt as to the historical truth of the Scriptures, and with the help of his sister he chose his own path in life. "He studied intensively the languages of the Bible and filled a number of minor academic positions, frequently encountering difficulties because of the heterodoxy and outspokenness of his religious opinions." (Printing and the Mind of Man 352). In 1840 he began studying philosophy and later philology, in 1847 he took his degree as Agrégé de Philosophie and became master at the Lycée of Vendome. After having returned from a mission to Italy in the year 1850 where he gathered material for his historical-philosophical masterpiece, "Averroës et l'Averroisme", he was offered employment at the "Bibliothèque Nationale" (at the manuscript department). In 1861 he was chosen to become professor of Hebrew at the Collège de France, but because the emperor refused to ratify the appointment (inspired by the Clerical party), he was not established in the chair untill 1870. In 1878 he was elected for the Academy. Renan is considered a scolar of the greatest excellence and an impressive writer. Renan's closest confidante was his sister, Henriette, who helped him quit the clerical carrier. They helped eachother financially, travelled together (e.g. on archaeological expeditions) and lived together for many years of their lives. His widely famous work, "Vie de Jésus" is dedicated to her, and their correspondence is very interesting and catching.